Fundus Fluorescein Angiography

Dr. Anand SudhalkarBaroda

Purpose Highlight retinal and choroidal

circulation Detect early vascular pathologies Confirm diagnosis

How does it work?CHARATERISTICS APPLICATIONS

Absorbs 465-490nm, emits 520-530nm

Binding to plasma proteins, esp Albumin

Selective visualization of its passage

Confined to natural blood retinal barrier

The sequence:PASSAGE OF DYE AFTER INJ. VISUALIZATION

10 to 15 sec : Short posterior ciliary arteries.

Choroidal flush, optic nerve head, cilioretinal artery.

11-18 sec: Retinal circulatiion, arteries-capillaries-veins.

20-25 sec: juxtrafoveal and perifoveal capillaries Maximal fluorescence around FAZ. The best time for PEAK PHASE IMAGING.

30 sec: First passage completed. Recirculation starts

After 10min: total disappearance of dye.

The InterpretationHYPO-FLUORESCENCE HYPER-FLUORESCENCE

Blocked: Media opacity, Hem

Vascular Filling Defects: Occlusions, capillary non perfusion

Autofluorescence Transmitted fluorescence Hyperfluorescence: 1. Abnormal

Vessels: Angiomas, Tumours

2. Leakage: NV, Plebitis

3. Pooling: CSR, PED 4. Staining: Disc,

drusen, chorioret. scar

Hypofluorescence

Vascular filling defects

Obstructions

Transmitted fluorescence

Blocked Fluorescence

Hyperfluorescence Vascular Leakage Pooling Staining

FFA reveals NV

FOCAL LEAKAGE