The Owners' Perspective Introduction the Project Life Cycle Major Types
Fundamentals of Managing the Data Center Life Cycle for Owners
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Transcript of Fundamentals of Managing the Data Center Life Cycle for Owners
Fundamentals of Managing the Data Center Life Cycle for Owners
Schneider Electric Data Center Science Center
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
Data Center Science Center White Paper 195
Just as good genes do not guarantee health and well-being, a good design alone does not ensure a data center is well-built and will remain efficient and available over the course of its life span. For each phase of the data center’s life cycle, proper care and action must be taken to continuously meet the business needs of
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
action must be taken to continuously meet the business needs of the facility. This presentation describes the five phases of the data center life cycle, identifies key tasks and pitfalls, and offers practical advice to facility owners and management.
Introduction – Understanding the Big Picture
The Five Phases of the Data Center Life Cycle
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
Plan Phase
● Ideal project process● Often referred to as “programming”
● System concept
Determines key project parameters of the physical system to be created, i.e., system concept, site selection, and project process
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● System concept● Players at this stage
● Facilities and IT departments● Executives● CFO● Real estate group within the company
NOTE: In this paper, only system planning is covered. System planning refers to the power, cooling, racks,
and other support infrastructure systems. Planning related to the IT equipment is not discussed here.
Plan Phase
Ideal project process
● Conduct project efficiently, reliably, and understandably
● Have safeguards to eliminate missed handoffs, ambiguous responsibility, and lost information
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
White Paper 140, “Data Center Projects: Standardized Process”, offers a detailed definition and description of a formal, standardized, and documented process.
responsibility, and lost information ● Detail key stakeholders, responsibilities ● Include strategies to manage unplanned occurrences, i.e., project
changes and defects● Be modular and configurable, adaptable to projects of different types
and sizes
Plan Phase
System concept
● A high level description of the system
● Includes validated user preferences and constraints, standards, codes,
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
See white paper 142, “Data Center Projects; System Planning”, for more information.
and constraints, standards, codes, resource assignments, deadlines, and process requirements for project
● These design requirements become input for design phase
EstablishPROJECT PARAMETERS
DevelopSYSTEM CONCEPT
1
2
Make the six foundational decisions that will control the system architecture and budget
Choose a model design for the system, based on the six PROJECT PARAMETERS
Plan Phase
System Planning SequenceSystem concept
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
IncorporateUSER PREFERENCES AND CONSTRAINTS
DetermineIMPLEMENTATION REQUIREMENTS
3
4
Identify, validate, and adapt user-specific details that will refine the SYSTEM CONCEPT
Collect standards, codes, deadlines, resource assignments, and process requirements the project must conform to
• Criticality• Capacity• Growth plan• Efficiency• Density• Budget
•Referencedesign
•Room choice
•Concept Adaptations
•Validated Preferences
•Validated Constraints
Implementation requirements
The combined outputs are the design requirements for input to the DESIGN phase
Plan Phase
System concept
● Right information > right decision
Avoid Problems in Project Process
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Right information > right decision maker > right sequence
● Focus on shared understanding and consensus: criticality, capacity, growth plan, efficiency, density, and budget
● Avoid detailed design work until design requirements are validated and agreed upon
Plan Phase
System concept Reference Designs
● Validated, documented high-level plan for
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
See white paper 147, “Advantages of Using a Reference Design” for more information.
● Validated, documented high-level plan for physical infrastructure
● Especially important in the absence of design engineers in early planning phase
Plan Phase
Site selection
● Site must meet design requirements● Site evaluation must consider availability risks
and financial benefits● Key considerations
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
See white paper 81, “Site Selection for Mission Critical Facilities”, for more information.
● Key considerations● Energy costs● Tax preferences/incentives● Labor costs
Design PhaseInvolves detailed design work required to translate Plan phase outputs into site-specific schematics and buildable construction documents, i.e., drawings and specifications
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Approved documents used for permitting by governmental authorities-having-jurisdiction - AHJs
● Construction contractors evaluated, selected
● Well-managed design/build model takes about 4-6 weeks
● Well-managed design/bid/build model takes about 8-10 weeks
Key Tasks:Project management, meet budget, feasibility studie s, preliminary design, detailed design & specification, quotation, hire/bid general
Architect & CE Firm
Owner’s Design Requirements from Plan Phase (see Figure 2 )
OR Design/Build FirmOwner evaluates, hires, and enters into contract with…
Design Phase
Typical high-level overview
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
design, detailed design & specification, quotation, hire/bid general contractor and/or sub-contractors for build & commi ssioning phases
General Contractor
Likely parties involved in detailed design:
Owner/Owner’s RepArchitectMEP engineersStructural, civil engineersIT consultantsEnergy/LEED consultantsCommissioning agentFacility Operators
•Schematic design (10% complete)
•Design development (50% complete)
•Construction documents (100% complete)
Detailed design outputs (approved by owner):
Electrical Contractor
Mechanical Contractor Low Voltage Contractor
Cycles of design iteration typically take place as requirements, preferences, and constraints change.
If construction delivery model is “design/bid/build”, bidding by contractorsoftentakes place at each of the design documentation levels (10%, 50%, 100% are common)
…hired by architect or design/build firm
Networking Contractor
Design Phase
Design/bid/build Traditional approach. Contractors bid during design development. Lowest priced responsible bidder meeting requirements is selected Construction begins.
Construction delivery models
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
PROs: ● Possibly lower cost if design change
orders are well-controlled● Typically presented with more choices
from more vendors for a given design
CONs: ● Bid process can add months
to project schedule
Design Phase
Design/build Owner or architect hires team responsible for both design and construction. Selection based on merits and price. Price is guaranteed. Change orders typically not allowed by contractor.
Construction delivery models
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
contractor.
PROs: ● Shortens schedule by months.
Eliminates time needed for bidding process. Construction starts in parallel with design documentation development
● Owner more likely to get exactly what is specified● Enables early contractor involvement in design, possibly reducing risk and
number of design iterations● Fosters close cooperation between designers and contractors
CONs: ● Likely not the lowest cost
Design Phase
● Important tool for ensuringright people > right time > right focus
● Defines key stakeholders roles, responsibilities by phase
Owner’s contract
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Defines compensation and insurance requirements● Describes
● Cost of work● Change resolution methods● Change order process, limitations
● Termination grounds and processes
Build Phase
● Construction documents used
Information gathered and approved during Plan and Design phases is used as a basis for Build phase.
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Construction documents used ● To bid for contractors● To secure building permits● As basis for what is actually built at the chosen
site
● Construction begins according to project plan● Perform regular audits, quality assurance● Weekly progress meetings● Opportunity to train owner and facility
operations team
Build Phase
Complete when
● Quality assurance confirms work is complete to project requirements
● Final certification of
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
completion is issued to owner by construction team lead
● Passing score on commissioning test, if part of project
● Owner issues letter of formal acceptance of project
Build Phase
Commissioning
● Defined as a reliability science that documents and validates the result of a data center’s design and build processes
● Addresses Data Center complexity by testing and documenting overall
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
system’s response to real world inputs and changes● Ensures design and implementation in construction phase are sound
● Commissioning agents develop commissioning plan and schedule● Work with design and
construction teams
Build Phase
Commissioning
● “As built” script report
Output Documents
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● “As built” script report● Provides line-by-line report on what
passed/failed
● Component error log report ● Describes what failed and what was
impacted
● Trending report ● Executive summary of performance
trends
Operate Phase
● A properly designed, implemented, and supported
Time during which physical infrastructure does what it was intended to do: house, power, cool, and secure IT servers, storage, and networking gear.
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
implemented, and supported O&M program will ● minimize risk● reduce costs● provide competitive
advantage for the overall business the data center serves
Operate Phase
● Focuses on risk mitigation● Grasps interconnectedness of facility
and IT systems● Analytical, process-driven approach to
Mission Critical Mindset
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Analytical, process-driven approach to risk avoidance and problem solving
● Commitment to continuous learning and process improvement
Owners & management must imbue the Ops team with this
philosophy and mindset
Operate Phase
● Environmental health and safety● Personnel management● Emergency preparedness and response● Maintenance management
12 Essential Elements of Data Center O&M Program
● Training
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Maintenance management● Change management● Documentation management
See white paper 196, “Essential Elements of Data Center Facility Operations”, for more information.
● Training● Infrastructure management● Quality management● Energy management● Financial management● Performance monitoring and review
Operate Phase
Facilities-IT cooperation
● Cooperation will
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Cooperation will ● Make capacity planning more accurate
and day-to-day operations more efficient
● Minimize impact to SLAs and the business when problems occur
● Reduce disruption caused by facility or IT equipment moves, adds, changes
It is the responsibility of owners and management to foster this cooperation!
Assess Phase
● Yields useful, actionable information including…● Degree to which the design intent and facility objectives are being
Concurrent with Operate phase, gives visibility to how operators and physical infrastructure systems are performing on an on-going basis.
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Degree to which the design intent and facility objectives are being met by current infrastructure in operation
● Energy efficiency of physical infrastructure in supporting IT ● General health and current risk profile of physical infrastructure ● Current power, cooling, and space capacities and use trends● Effectiveness and experience levels of personnel● Facility operations & maintenance program maturity and
effectiveness
Outsourcing Services
● Benefit from experience and expertise of others
● Frees up internal resources to focus
Advantages
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
● Frees up internal resources to focus on other key tasks and responsibilities
● Avoids learning curve and mistakes resulting from first time tasks
● Provides alternative to internal resources that lack bandwidth/resources required to learn new skills or perform certain functions
Conclusion
●Provided owners, management teams with basic understanding of mission critical facility projects and operations in the context of a Data Center Life Cycle
●Described phases, their interconnection, principal
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
interconnection, principal players, key areas of focus
ResourcesData Center Projects: Standardized ProcessWhite Paper 140
Data Center Projects: System PlanningWhite Paper 142
Data Center Projects: Advantages of Using a Data Center Reference DesignWhite Paper 147
The Top 9 Mistakes in Data Center PlanningWhite Paper 145
Site Selection For Mission Critical FacilitiesWhite Paper 81
Schneider Electric – Data Center Science Center WP 195 Presentation – February 2014
Browse all APC white papers whitepapers.apc.com
Browse all APC TradeOff Tools™tools.apc.com
White Paper 81
Data Center Projects: CommissioningWhite Paper 148
Ten Errors to Avoid When Commissioning a Data CenterWhite Paper 149
Essential Elements of Data Center Facility OperationsWhite Paper 196
Avoiding Common Pitfalls of Evaluating and Implementing DCIM SolutionsWhite Paper 170