Functions and Disorders of Urinary System
45
4.02 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the Urinary System
-
Upload
melodiekernahan -
Category
Education
-
view
1.129 -
download
2
description
Functions and Disorders of Urinary System
Transcript of Functions and Disorders of Urinary System
4.02 Understand the Functions and Disorders of the Urinary System
2
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary
system
Essential Questions
What are the functions of the urinary system?
What are some disorders of the urinary system?
How are disorders of the urinary system treated?
How do you relate the body’s hormone control to
the urinary system?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
3
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Functions:
Excretion
Formation of urine
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Elimination of urine
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
4
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Functions:
Excretion
Formation of urine
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Elimination of urine
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
5
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Excretion What is excretion?
Why does the body have excretory
functions?
What is the composition of wastes
excreted by the urinary system?
How is it relevant to health?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
6
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
74.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
• Blood from renal artery enters glomerulus
• High pressure in glomerulus forces fluid into Bowman’s capsule, where it is filtered
Filtration
8
BOWMAN’S CAPSULE
Bowman’s capsule filters out 125cc of fluid/min.
…how many cc’s per hour is this?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Filtration
9
Reabsorption
What substances are reabsorbed? Where do they go?
If blood levels of certain substances are high, the substances will not be reabsorbed.
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
10
Secretion
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
What is secretion?
Describe how this process is the opposite of reabsorption….
11
What substances are secreted into the collecting tubules?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Secretion
12
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balance Electrolytes are selectively secreted to
maintain body’s acid-base balance.
• What are electrolytes?
• What do they do?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
13
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Chemical control• ADH• Aldosterone
Nervous control
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
14
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balanceChemical control The regulation & secretion of ADH is
under the control of the hypothalamus
ADH is actually secreted from the posterior pituitary gland
What is the function of ADH (antidiuretic hormone)?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
15
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balanceChemical control The amount of ADH produced is related
to the level of body hydration What factors regulate the release of
ADH?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
16
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Forming more dilute urine:
What are diuretics? What effect do they have on the
production of urine? Give examples of substances that have
diuretic effects.
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
17
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balanceChemical controlAldosterone Where does it come from? What does it do? Aldosterone release is the result of the
renin-angiotensin system. What does this mean?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
18
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balance
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
What effect does this cycle have on your blood pressure?
19
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Nervous control How does the nervous system
control urinary secretions? What other systems are
involved in the production and excretion of urine?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
20
Understand the functions of the urinary systemThe flow of electrolytes
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Review urine formation, electrolyte exchange, and some factors that effect urine volume.
21
Understand the functions of the urinary system
What do you predict will happen to blood pressure when the blood volume increases?
What if blood volume decreases?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
review
22
Understand the functions of the urinary system
If more water is reabsorbed back into the body---what will happen to urine concentration?
(more or less concentrated?)
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
review
23
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Elimination of urineWhat causes the bladder to empty?Is this a voluntary or involuntary action?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
24
Understand the functions of the urinary system
Elimination of urineUrinary output
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Average urinary output = 1500 ml per day
What effects the color of your urine?
25
UrinalysisAn examination of urine
What does normal urine look like? What constitutes an abnormal urinalysis?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
26
Urinalysis
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Where would excess glucose show up?
What does this mean?
27
Disorders of the urinary system
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
28
Disorders of the urinary system
Cystitis
What is cystitis (cyst= medical term for ____ +itis =___ )
Most common cause: E. Coli
What are the major symptoms of cystitis?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
29
Cystitis More common in females—Why ??
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Rx=
antibiotics
Disorders of the urinary system
30
Glomerulonephritis
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
Disease which injures the glomerulus.
What will happen as a result of damaged glomeruli?
31
Glomerulonephritis Two types:
• Acute• Chronic
What is the prognosis for each?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
32
Renal calculi (Kidney stones)Also known as nephrolithiasis nephro lith iasis
What are renal calculi made of?What are the symptoms?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
33
Renal calculi
What will happen if the ureters are blocked?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
34
Renal calculi
How is it treated?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
35
Renal calculi How does lithotripsy work?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
36
Renal failure Acute
• What causes it?
• What are the symptoms?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
37
Renal failurechronic May be none in early stages,
urinalysis may reveal proteinuria
Why would protein be present in the urine?
Why is this not normal?4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
38
Renal Failure Chronic kidney
disease leads to a buildup of fluid and waste products in the body.
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
39
Renal Failure
How is it treated?• Peritoneal dialysis
• What is the process involved in this treatment?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
40
Renal Failure
How is it treated?• Hemodialysis• What is
hemodialysis?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
41
Renal Failure Compare the treatment of acute
and chronic renal failure.
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Disorders of the urinary system
42
Disorders of the urinary system
How does hemodialysis mimic glomerular function?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
43
Disorders of the urinary system
Renal transplant What is involved in this treatment option? When does a patient get a transplant?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
44
Disorders of the urinary system
Renal transplant
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
What is the major complication of renal transplantation?
45
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
Essential Questions
What are the functions of the urinary system?
What are some disorders of the urinary system?
How are disorders of the urinary system treated?
How do you relate the body’s hormone control to
the urinary system?
4.02 Understand the functions and disorders of the urinary system
