From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to...
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![Page 1: From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad 11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Lausanne, November 16, 2013](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022020/5b9baf2609d3f22d2a8d9039/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad
11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting
Lausanne, November 16, 2013
M. Aubert*, A. Kraiem*, Y. Haeberlin*, F. Zwahlen**
*UNOSAT, United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) Palais des Nations, CH-1211 Genève
** CHYN Centre d'hydrogéologie,
rue Emile-Argand 11, 2009 Neuchâtel
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Actors and objectives
Funding Project management
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
RésEAU project objectives
Partners
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
1. Develop a Water Resource Information System (SIRE): Improved knowledge of
water resources to strengthen and develop initiatives in the sector
2. Strengthen national capacities in geology, hydrogeology and GIS
= Support Chad water resource management
For a better management of water resources in Chad
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Actors and objectives
Funding Project management
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Partners
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
RésEAU project objectives
1. Develop a Water Resource Information System (SIRE): Improved knowledge of
water resources to strengthen and develop initiatives in the sector
2. Strengthen national capacities in geology, hydrogeology and GIS
= Support Chad water resource management
For a better management of water resources in Chad
![Page 4: From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad 11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Lausanne, November 16, 2013](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022020/5b9baf2609d3f22d2a8d9039/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Actors and objectives
Funding Project management
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Partners
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
1. Develop a Water Resource Information System (SIRE): Improved knowledge of
water resources to strengthen and develop initiatives in the sector
2. Strengthen national capacities in geology, hydrogeology and GIS
= Support Chad water resource management
For a better management of water resources in Chad
RésEAU project objectives
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5
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Weaknesses of data collection
SIRE Geodatabase
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
- Information is scattered, actors might be reluctant to share it.
- Data is outdated, spatial coverage is heterogeneous.
= More accurate and exhaustive (coverage) data are necessary
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
~600 Thematic and
topographics maps
Field data water points, geology,
SITEAU well/borehole database
~400 Water/Geology related articles
~600 Satellite images
SIRE
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SIRE Geodatabase
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
~600 Thematic and
topographics maps
Field data water points, geology,
SITEAU well/borehole database
~400 Water/Geology related articles
~600 Satellite images
SIRE
Weaknesses of data collection
- Information is scattered, actors might be reluctant to share it.
- Data is outdated, spatial coverage is heterogeneous.
= More accurate and exhaustive (coverage) data are necessary
![Page 8: From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad 11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Lausanne, November 16, 2013](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022020/5b9baf2609d3f22d2a8d9039/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
SIRE Geodatabase
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
~600 Thematic and
topographics maps
Field data water points, geology,
SITEAU well/borehole database
~400 Water/Geology related articles
~600 Satellite images
SIRE
Weaknesses of data collection
- Information is scattered, actors might be reluctant to share it.
- Data is outdated, spatial coverage is heterogeneous.
= More accurate and exhaustive (coverage) data are necessary
![Page 9: From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad 11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Lausanne, November 16, 2013](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022020/5b9baf2609d3f22d2a8d9039/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
SIRE Geodatabase
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
~600 Thematic and
topographics maps
Field data water points, geology,
SITEAU well/borehole database
~400 Water/Geology related articles
~600 Satellite images
SIRE
Weaknesses of data collection
- Information is scattered, actors might be reluctant to share it.
- Data is outdated, spatial coverage is heterogeneous.
= More accurate and exhaustive (coverage) data are necessary
![Page 10: From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps … · From satellite imagery to hydrogeological survey maps of Chad 11th Swiss Geoscience Meeting Lausanne, November 16, 2013](https://reader031.fdocuments.us/reader031/viewer/2022022020/5b9baf2609d3f22d2a8d9039/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
SIRE consolidation
- New satellite image acquisitions
- Field observations and measurements for validation
= Powerful tools to improve water information over Chad and understand the different aquifers
Remote sensing tools
New data acquisitions
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
Field work
+ Structure, Moisture, Faults, Morphology
RADAR+ DEM Optical
+ Geology, Landcover
+ True data - Punctual data
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
SWIR VNIR
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SIRE consolidation
- New satellite image acquisitions
- Field observations and measurements for validation
= Powerful tools to improve water information over Chad and understand the different aquifers
Remote sensing tools
New data acquisitions
1. Water ressources mapping: RésEAU project 2. SIRE data collection 3. SIRE consolidation
SWIR VNIR
Field work
+ Structure, Moisture, Faults, Morphology
RADAR+ DEM Optical
+ Geology, Landcover
+ True data - Punctual data
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Tools limited to: Rocks varnish over bare soil or scarse vegetation cover
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II. Mapping process 1. SIRE database
2. Process line
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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II. Mapping process
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
1. SIRE database
2. Process line
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II. Mapping process
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
1. SIRE database
2. Process line
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II. Mapping process
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
1. SIRE database
2. Process line
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II. Mapping process
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
1. SIRE database
2. Process line
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400 ASAR
C (~5 GHz)
Resolution: 30 m
Scene : 100x100 km
Free
50 ALOS/ PALSAR
L (~1.5 GHz)
Resolution: 24 m
Scene: 40x70 km
Low cost
> 61 LANDSAT-7
4 VNIR, 2 SWIR, 1 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 120 m
Size: 185 x185 km
Free
150 ASTER
3 VNIR, 5 SWIR, 5 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 90 m
Size: 60x60km
Low cost Google Earth
BING
SRTM
Resolution: 90 m
Free
> 61 LANDSAT-8
4 VNIR, 2 SWIR, 1 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 120 m
Size: 185 x185 km
Free
Image acquisitions
17 17
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
SIRE database potential
Sensor choosen because of their:
- low cost - appropriate spatial resolution for 500’000 or 200’000 mapping - spectral diversity (VNIR, SWIR, TIR, HF)
= Exhaustive database to support hydrogeological mapping
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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Google Earth
BING
Image acquisitions
18 18
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
SIRE database potential
400 ASAR
C (~5 GHz)
Resolution: 30 m
Scene : 100x100 km
Free
50 ALOS/ PASAR
L (~1.5 GHz)
Resolution: 24 m
Scene: 40x70 km
Low cost
> 61 LANDSAT-7
4 VNIR, 2 SWIR, 1 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 120 m
Size: 185 x185 km
Free
150 ASTER
3 VNIR, 5 SWIR, 5 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 90 m
Size: 60x60km
Low cost
SRTM
Resolution: 90 m
Free
> 61 LANDSAT-8
4 VNIR, 2 SWIR, 1 TIR
Resolution: 15 à 120 m
Size: 185 x185 km
Free
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
Sensor choosen because of their:
- low cost - appropriate spatial resolution for 500’000 or 200’000 mapping - spectral diversity (VNIR, SWIR, TIR, HF)
= Exhaustive database to support hydrogeological mapping
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First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
STEP 0: Pre-process SIRE database: download, calibrate, analyse
Landsat-7, raw data (RGB: Blue, Green, Red)
Calibrate
Compute product
Image calibrated and mosaiked
Sultan color composite
Raw data
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
STEP 0: Pre-process SIRE database: download, calibrate, analyse
Data Brut (DN) (RVB :b1,b2,b3)
Calibrate
Compute product
Image calibrated and mosaiked
Sultan color composite
Raw data
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
Landsat-7, raw data (RGB: Blue, Green, Red)
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First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
STEP 0: Pre-process SIRE database: download, calibrate, analyse
Data Brut (DN) (RVB :b1,b2,b3)
Landsat-7, VNIR colored composition mosaiked
(RGB: Blue, Green, Red)
Calibrate
Compute product
Image calibrated and mosaiked
Sultan color composite
Raw data
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
STEP 0: Pre-process SIRE database: download, calibrate, analyse
Data Brut (DN) (RVB :b1,b2,b3)
Granodiorite intrusion
Crystalline basement
Basalt flows
Landsat-7, VNIR colored composition mosaiked
(RGB: Blue, Green, Red)
Calibrate
Compute product
Image calibrated and mosaiked
Sultan color composite
Raw data
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
STEP 0: Pre-process SIRE database: download, calibrate, analyse
Data Brut (DN) (RVB :b1,b2,b3) Landsat-7, Sultan product (RGB: 5/7, 5/1, 5/4x3/4)
Calibrate
Compute product
Image calibrated and mosaiked
Sultan color composite
Raw data
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
Granodiorite intrusion
Crystalline basement
Basalt flows
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Ancient dunes
1. Photo-interpret and digitize at large scale to delimit major geological regions
2. Subdivision at fine scale using additionnal criteria
First step: Geology
STEP I: GEOLOGY
Basalts flows
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Alluvial deposits (along wadis)
Sandstones
(500k)
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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1. Photo-interpret and digitize at large scale to delimit major geological regions
2. Subdivision at fine scale using additionnal criteria
STEP I: GEOLOGY
Ancient dunes
Basalts flows
Alluvial deposits (along wadis)
Sandstones
(500k)
First step: Geology
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
Intrusion
Granodiorite intrusion
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1. Split and merge process done by hydrogeologicals experts
2. Productivity classification
Second step: Hydrogeology
STEP II: HYDROGEOLOGY
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Cross geology with hydraulic data to obtain hydrogeological layer, taking into account:
- Nature, Porosity, Grain size, Permeability
- Rocks condition: layer’s geometry, hydraulic parameters, productivity, the piezometric levels of the wells/boreholes .
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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1. Hydrogeological Split and merge process done by hydrogeologicals experts
2. Productivity classification (potentially high, moderate, low to zero)
Second step: Hydrogeology
STEP II: HYDROGEOLOGY
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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Third step: Cartography
STEP III: CARTOGRAPHY
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
Wadi Fira hydrogeological survey map at 500k scale (right: front side of map; left: explanatory note on back side)
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
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Extract of SIRE database results on a « sandstone » request
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
1. SIRE satellite database 2. Process line
Sandstone aquifer = high potential of productivity at the basement
SRTM slope map (200k)
Landsat-7 SUltan (200k)
Google earth 3D view Sandstone field and macro views
Sandstone aquifer potential
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Current results & publications
Provide up-to-date and relevant water-related informations: SIRE
Hydrogeological maps
Improve the knowledge of different aquifers for a better
management and further drilling programs.
Knowledge transfer : Professionnal Master 1 HydroSIG
UNOSAT training
Further steps (to be planed)
Support Chad in water management, keeping in mind their
sustainable development :
- Phase II: Water quality,
- Phase III: Water Management
I. Introduction II. Mapping III. Perspectives
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Dr. Maëlle Aubert
Télédétection et SIG
UNITAR – UNOSAT
Amira Kraiem
Hydrogéologie et SIG
UNITAR – UNOSAT
Yves Haeberlin,
F. Zwahlen
Dr. Yves Haëberlin
Chef de projet
UNITAR – UNOSAT
Pr. François Zwahlen
Professeur
Université de Neuchâtel
franç[email protected]
http://www.unitar.or
g/unosat/