Free Space Optics Free Space Optics “TereScope” “TereScope” PresentationPresentation

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Content

MRV CommunicationsMRV CommunicationsFree Space Optics technologyFree Space Optics technologyTereScopeTereScopePassive FSOPassive FSOFAQFAQApplicationsApplicationsNew DevelopmentsNew Developments

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MRV CommunicationsMRV Communications– Free Space Optics technology– TereScope– Passive FSO– FAQ– Applications– New Developments

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MRV Fast FactsFounded July 1988 Founded July 1988 ~1,400 Employees ~1,400 Employees NASDAQ: MRVC (IPO: 1992)NASDAQ: MRVC (IPO: 1992)

MRV Optical Components + Network MRV Optical Components + Network InfrastructureInfrastructure

MRV Headquarters MRV Headquarters –– Chatsworth, CAChatsworth, CALuminentLuminent, Inc. HQ , Inc. HQ –– Chatsworth, CAChatsworth, CA

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Growth by acquisition 20012001 Appointech

20002000 OpticalAccessOpticalAccessAstroterraJOLT CESQuantum Optech (QOI)Optronics International (OIC)FOCI

19981998 Xyplex

19961996 Fibronics

19931993 NBASENBASENorthHills Galcom

19881988 MRV foundationMRV foundation

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Over 6000 Worldwide InstallationsUSA Canada Mexico Brazil Argentina Uruguay Japan Taiwan S. Korea Philippine Singapore India South Africa Nigeria Australia

Slovenia Croatia Latvia Czechoslovakia Gibraltar Belgium Luxemburg Netherlands Norway Greece Germany England Switzerland Sweden Portugal Spain Italy Israel Saudi Arabia

Sales officesSales offices

R&D and R&D and ManufacturingManufacturing

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MRVTechnological Advances FSO

More years of making and selling FSO equipment More years of making and selling FSO equipment (AstroTerra, Jolt, LCI)(AstroTerra, Jolt, LCI)

Most patents relating to FSO of all competitors (14 Most patents relating to FSO of all competitors (14 patents, and 10 pending)patents, and 10 pending)

Wide range of products for all applicationsWide range of products for all applications-- 1.5 Mbps to 1.25 Gbps currently1.5 Mbps to 1.25 Gbps currently-- 200 m to 6.70 km range200 m to 6.70 km range

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Intellectual PropertyKey patents:• Multiple Transmitters to reduce scintillation

“Multiple Transmitter Laser Link” (Patent # 5,777,768 Issued July 7, 1998)

• CCD camera lookback method, accurate alignment“System for Directing a Laser Beam Toward an Active Area” (Patent # 6,091,074 Issued July 18, 2000)

“Directional Optics for a System for Directing a Laser Beam Toward an Active Area”(Patent # 6,118,131 Issued September 12,2000)

• Laser Transceivers coupled to switches via fiber optics without protocol conversion.

“Wireless communication system” (Patent# 5,818,619 Issued October 06, 1998)

“Wireless optical communications without electronics” (pending)

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Multiple transmitterPatent

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CCD “Look-back”Alignment Camera

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CCD “Look-back”Alignment Camera

Misaligned Aligned

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Wireless Communicationswithout Electronics

“Wireless optical communications without electronics”(patent pending)

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– MRV CommunicationsFree Space Optics technologyFree Space Optics technology– TereScope– Passive FSO– FAQ– Applications– New Developments

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Free Space Optics

Familiar technologyFamiliar technologyLight guided by Light guided by fiberfiber optic pathoptic path

TX RX

RX TXfiber Optic Cable

(MM/SM)

Network Interface Card Ethernet Switch

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Same principle as Same principle as fiberfiber optic optic Light guided by lensesLight guided by lenses

TX RX

RX TXFresh Air orfree-space

TereScope

TereScope

Free Space Optics

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E1Fast Ethernet

OC3Gigabit Ethernet

OC12

1.5 Mbps to 2.5 Gbps

Transceivers installed on rooftops (or behind windows) that provide:- fiber-like connection speeds- without the cost or installation time of fiber optic cable

What is Free Space Optics? (FSO)

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"It's the greatest invention I have ever made; greater than the telephone!”- Alexander Graham Bell 1880

Selenium

• tests over 200 meters were successful• Since sunlight was used as the source, only worked during sunny daytime hours •– now we use lasers…much better!

History of Free Space Optics (FSO)

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Spre

ad sp

ectru

mMi

crowa

ve

101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 1010 1011 1012 1013 1014 1015 1016

Hertz kHz MHz GHz THz

107 106 105 104 103 102 10 1 0.1 10-2 10-3 10-4 10-5 10-6 10-7 10-8

Frequency

Wavelength

Radio Waves Microwaves Infrared UVPower & Telephone

Copp

er w

iretra

nsmi

ssion

km meter cm mm mm10-9nm

1017

Coax

ial

cable

Fiber

optic

AM ra

dio

FM ra

dio

Lase

rco

mmun

icatio

n

Electromagnetic Spectrum

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TV Remote Control

PDA’s

Use for transferring smallfiles, contacts, connectionto PC, printer, etc…

Short Range!

Cellular Phone

Common Products using FSO technology

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Divergence - measure of angle or how much the beam spreads

2.5 mrad divergence

1 mrad divergence

Range = R = 1000 m = 1 km

2.5 m

1 m

General Terms

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Free Space Optics is Highly Secure

FSO beam is very narrowFSO beam is very narrow– Divergence = 2.5 mrad – Beam Size ≈ Distance x Range

e.g. 2.5 mrad x 1.0 km = 2.5 m

YAGI Microwave AntennaYAGI Microwave Antenna– Divergence = 30o

e.g. 30o at 1.0 km = 535 m !

2.5 m

1 km

RF Beam

FSO Beam

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Visibility

200 m500 m

1 km1.9 km2 km

2.8 km

10 km

4 km

20 km23 km50 km

σ(at 780 nm)

17.46.7

3.21.6

1.06

0.25

0.71

0.120.11

1.5

0.04

-75.3-28.9

-13.8-6.9

-4.6-3.1

-0.54-0.47

-6.6

-0.19

dB loss/km

-1.1

Weathercondition

Moderate fog

Light fog

Thin fog

Haze

Light Haze

Clear

Very Clear

0.13

4.120.2

34.749.3

88.389.7

22.1

95.6

% transmissionat 1 km

78.0

2.9 e-06

Precipitation

Heavy rain

Medium rain

mm/hr

770 m -18.3 1.54.2Cloudburst 100

25

12.5

18.1 km 0.14 -0.6Drizzle 0.25

5.9 km 0.46 -2.0Light rain 2.5 63.3

87.2

Snow

Atmospheric attenuation vs. Weather

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2.4GHz RF Backup system

• ISM Band frequency• Licence free• RF offers 11Mbps• Switchover <1s• Greatly increases availability- useful in foggy areas

T1000X with fusion backup

RF Backup Example

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ISM Band - Spread Spectrum Radio

• 2.4GHz "unlicensed" frequencies• Short to Medium range point-to-point or

point-to-multipoint systems• Internal or external applications

• Limited to throughput of 11 Mbps (Half Duplex)

• Data security implications• Bandwidth (speed) is very limited for

large projects or if the area is RF crowded.

Other Wireless Technologies (1)

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Licenced Microwave

• Use for longer distances (above 1km)

• High data rates are available• High availability figures at long range

• Complex installations with link-engineering required

• Public & Local Auth. safety concerns• Hard to obtain frequency licences for

distances under 1km

Other Wireless Technologies (2)

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( from PC Magazine: Dec 11, 2001)

Actual Data Throughput for RF

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( from PC Magazine: Dec 11, 2001)

TereScope 96.0

Throughput(Mbps)

Transfer time100 Mbyte file

(min:sec)0:08

802.11a (54) 18.9 802.11b (11) 4.4

0:42

3:04

True scale of RF throughputcompared to FSO throughput

Actual Data Throughput for RF vs. FSO

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Access Technologies - Positioning

c

10 Gbps

1 Gbps

100 Mbps

10 Mbps

1 Mbps

200 m50 m 500 m 1 km 5 km 15 km+

Fiber

LMDSMicrowave

LMDS

Optical Wireless• High Bandwidth• “Short” Distance• Urban Environment

T-1DSL

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– MRV Communications– Free Space Optics technologyTereScopeTereScope– Passive FSO– FAQ– Applications– New Developments

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TereScope History

TereScopeTereScope Optical Access SolutionsOptical Access SolutionsTechnology founded in 1991Technology founded in 1991FreeFree--Space Optics for wireless communicationSpace Optics for wireless communication– Patent granted for first all-optical FSO unit in 2002– First to patent multiple aperture technology for

reduction of atmospheric effects in 1998– First to break 2.5 Gbps FSO threshold in 1998– Technology fostered from 1 Gbps satellite-to-ground

laser communication project (STRV-2)

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Satellite-to-Ground Lasercom Project

Project’s Main Features:• 1.0 Gbps Data Rate• 2000 km Range• Sponsored by Department of Defense’s• Ballistic Missile Defense Organization• Demonstration satellite hardware• launched June 7, 2000 with Space Technology

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Up to 2000Km

Wireless Optic Link

Satellite 2000Km in

space

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TereScope Features Overview

LowLow--cost wireless connectivitycost wireless connectivityLicenseLicense--free transmissionfree transmissionSpeeds up to 1.25 Gigabits per secondSpeeds up to 1.25 Gigabits per secondRanges up to 6.7 km (1.4km in Benelux)Ranges up to 6.7 km (1.4km in Benelux)Secure transmissionSecure transmissionSafe to useSafe to useScalable alternative to leased linesScalable alternative to leased linesRapid, sameRapid, same--day deploymentday deployment

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TereScope

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TereScope Series

TS1 TS1 -- PAL PAL PhotonicPhotonic Air Link 100MbpsAir Link 100Mbps

TS2 & MUX E1TS2 & MUX E1TS10 Ethernet TS10 Ethernet TS34 Open Protocol .1TS34 Open Protocol .1--34Mbps34MbpsTS155 Protocol select 34TS155 Protocol select 34--155Mbps155MbpsTS155 Protocol independent 10TS155 Protocol independent 10--155Mbps155MbpsTS622 OCTS622 OC--3 / OC3 / OC--12 622Mbps12 622Mbps

TS1000Z TS1000Z GigalinkGigalink 1.25Gbps1.25Gbps

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TereScope 1000 (Optilink) Series

Gigabit VersionGigabit Version1250 Mbit/s 1250 Mbit/s -- Gigabit EthernetGigabit EthernetIntegrated CCD camera for alignment Integrated CCD camera for alignment Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM Range up to 1000 MetersRange up to 1000 MetersSNMP ManagementSNMP ManagementMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 years

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TereScope 622 (OC-12) Series

622 Mbit/s 622 Mbit/s –– OCOC--1212Integrated CCD camera for alignment Integrated CCD camera for alignment Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM Network Interface 1310nm, ST, MM or SM Range up to 1000 MetersRange up to 1000 MetersSNMP managementSNMP managementMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 years

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Terescope155 PI (Protocol Independent) Series

Clear channel connectivityClear channel connectivity

Bandwidth 10 Bandwidth 10 -- 155 Mbps155 Mbps

CCD camera alignment CCD camera alignment

Ranges up to 3.750 meterRanges up to 3.750 meter

MTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 years

PalmPilotPalmPilot or Laptop manageableor Laptop manageable

Optional SNMP ManagementOptional SNMP Management

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TereScope155-PS (Protocol Select) Series

Selectable Protocol between 34 and 155 MbpsSelectable Protocol between 34 and 155 MbpsT3, E3, FDDI, Fast Ethernet and ATM T3, E3, FDDI, Fast Ethernet and ATM Visual and received power alignmentVisual and received power alignmentWide beam technology Wide beam technology BER better than 10 EBER better than 10 E--1212MTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 yearsRemote received power indicationRemote received power indicationLoop settingLoop settingOptional SNMP managementOptional SNMP management

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TereScope34 OP (Open Protocol) Series

Open protocol between 0.1 and 34 MbpsOpen protocol between 0.1 and 34 MbpsOperating distance up to 3000 meter Operating distance up to 3000 meter Visual and received power alignmentVisual and received power alignmentMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 yearsMM fiber interface (ST)MM fiber interface (ST)Remote received power indicationRemote received power indicationLoop settingLoop settingOptional SNMP management Optional SNMP management

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TereScope 10 ETH (Ethernet) Series

Ethernet connectivityEthernet connectivityOperating distance up to 2000 meter Operating distance up to 2000 meter Visual and received power alignmentVisual and received power alignmentMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 years10 Base T network interface10 Base T network interfaceBER better than 10 E BER better than 10 E --1010Remote received power indicationRemote received power indicationOptional SNMP management Optional SNMP management

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TereScope2 E1 Series

E 1 connectivityE 1 connectivityOperating distance up to 2000 meter Operating distance up to 2000 meter Visual and received power alignmentVisual and received power alignmentMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 yearsG.703/G.704 network interfaceG.703/G.704 network interfaceBER better than 10 E BER better than 10 E -- 99Remote received power indicationRemote received power indicationOptional SNMP managementOptional SNMP management

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TereScope8 4xE1 Series

4 x E 1 connectivityE 1 connectivityOperating distance up to 2000 meter Operating distance up to 2000 meter Visual and received power alignmentVisual and received power alignmentMTBF more than 10 yearsMTBF more than 10 years4 x G.703/G.704 network interfaces4 x G.703/G.704 network interfacesBER better than 10 E BER better than 10 E -- 99Remote received power indicationRemote received power indicationOptional SNMP managementOptional SNMP management

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Eye-Safety Problems:Misconception from RF that 100mw is safe • Unawareness of eye-safety from governing authorities • Laser systems over 1.5mW/cm2 are potential eye hazard

MRV products:• Certified by Class 1M-safety standards • Completely safe to the eye even at zero distance

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Through Glass Installation

Window

Fiber

Laser

Glass can take up to 30% from the

power budget

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– MRV Communications– Free Space Optics technology– TereScopePassive FSOPassive FSO– FAQ– Applications– New Developments

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TereScope™ 1

Transmitting Lens

Telescope

Receiving Lens

Mounting Bracket

Telescope

Fiber connector

Alignment screws

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Active Free Space Optics

Network & Network & Management Management

InterfaceInterface

Electronic circuitryElectronic circuitryOptical SystemOptical System

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Active Free Space Optics

All functionality in outdoor unitsAll functionality in outdoor units– Power Supply – Network interface to electric signal

conversion– Electric signal to photonic signal

conversion

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Active FSO characteristics

Powered SystemsPowered SystemsRelatively large in sizeRelatively large in sizeLong DistanceLong Distance

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Passive Free Space Optics

Active Indoor UnitActive Indoor Unit

Passive Outdoor Passive Outdoor UnitUnit

Dual FiberDual Fiber

Network Network InterfaceInterface

Electronic Electronic circuitrycircuitry

Passive Optical systemPassive Optical system

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Passive FSO

Optical signal is generated by indoor unitOptical signal is generated by indoor unitTransport of FSO signal between indoor Transport of FSO signal between indoor and outdoor unit by fiberand outdoor unit by fiberAt the outdoor unit At the outdoor unit Tx Tx fiber end acts as fiber end acts as passive transmitterpassive transmitterRx fiber end acts as passive receiverRx fiber end acts as passive receiver

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Passive FSO with QoS

Active Indoor UnitActive Indoor Unit

Passive Outdoor Passive Outdoor UnitUnit

Dual FiberDual Fiber

QoSQoS Network Network InterfaceInterface

Electronic Electronic circuitrycircuitry

Passive Optical systemPassive Optical system

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Passive FSO characteristics

Small indoor and outdoor unitsSmall indoor and outdoor unitsShort range (up to 360 meters)Short range (up to 360 meters)High speed ( up to 1 High speed ( up to 1 GbitGbit/s)/s)Very low costsVery low costsHigh MTBF, very reliableHigh MTBF, very reliable

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TereScope™ 1

Transmitting Lens

Telescope

Receiving Lens

Mounting Bracket

Telescope

Fiber connector

Alignment screws

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Mini TS1

29 cm29 cm12 cm12 cm

10 cm10 cm

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TereScope ManagementGeneral Device Parameters:Product Type

MAC address

IP address

Communication mode

Software version

Hardware version

Management port type

Communication Parameters :

Wire Link

Air link Status

Management Link Status

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– MRV Communications– Free Space Optics technology– TereScope– Passive FSOFAQFAQ– Applications– New Developments

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Frequently Asked Questions

What effect will fog have on the link?What effect will fog have on the link?Can I install Can I install Terescope Terescope indoors?indoors?What What maintainance maintainance is required?is required?Is the beam eye safe?Is the beam eye safe?Is the transmission secure?Is the transmission secure?

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=

– MRV Communications– Free Space Optics technology– TereScope– Passive FSO– FAQApplicationsApplications– New Developments

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Point-to-Point Applications

For most users, the TereScopes are an easy and cost-effective way to connect a remote building to their network. This allows immediate access without paying monthly leased-line fees.

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Ring ApplicationsIn a multi-building campus environment, TereScopes can complement your existing network infrastructure by reaching buildings not already on your fiber or providing back-up to your fiber for added redundancy.

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Access Mesh Topology

For carriers and ISPs, TereScopes can be used in a mesh topology to reach multiple customers and maintain routing flexibility. This allows a ‘pay-as-you-grow’ deployment strategy and always maximizes network uptime.

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Cellular TransmissionNetwork and Backhaul

E1 >E2 >E3 > 4XE1>STME1 >E2 >E3 > 4XE1>STM--11

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Typical star-topology ofmobile backhaul network

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Case study

Ministerie van Verkeer en InfrastructuurMinisterie van Verkeer en InfrastructuurBrusselBrussel

Employees are divided over three different buidings in Brussels:Employees are divided over three different buidings in Brussels:– Residence palace– Aarlenstraat– Cabinet

Initially the communication between the three buidings are made Initially the communication between the three buidings are made via ISDNvia ISDN--routers.routers.

The ministry was searching for a more costThe ministry was searching for a more cost--effective solutioneffective solution

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Ministerie van Verkeer en InfrastructuurMinisterie van Verkeer en InfrastructuurBrusselBrussel

Requirements:Requirements:

One link between the Residence Palace and the AarlenstraatOne link between the Residence Palace and the Aarlenstraat– Distance 550 meter– Protocol Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps)– Must have RF backup

Second link between the Aarlenstraat and CabinetSecond link between the Aarlenstraat and Cabinet– Distance 90 meters– Protocol Fast Ethernet (100Mbps)– No backup requirements

Case study

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Case study

ResidencePalace

Aarlenstraat

Cabinet

Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur BrusselMinisterie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel

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Case studyMinisterie van Verkeer en InfrastructuurMinisterie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur

BrusselBrusselOur solution:Our solution:

For the link between the Residence Palace and the AarlenstraatFor the link between the Residence Palace and the Aarlenstraat– TereScope-1000 Fusion– OptiSwitch-200

For link between the Aarlenstraat and CabinetFor link between the Aarlenstraat and Cabinet– TereScope-1 (PAL)

– Optiswitch-200 The OptiSwitch in the Cabinet and Aarlenstraat contains the special 'PAL' moduleThe OptiSwitch in the Aarlenstraat and the Residence palace contain a hybrid module for fast switch-over between Laser and RF backup

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Case study

Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur BrusselMinisterie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel

View to Aarlenstraat

Link to Aarlenstraat

Site:Residence palace

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Case study

View to Cabinet

Link to Cabinet &

Residence palace

View to Residence palace

Site:Aarlenstraat

Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur BrusselMinisterie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel

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Case study

Ministerie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur BrusselMinisterie van Verkeer en Infrastructuur Brussel

View to Aarlenstraat Link to Aarlenstraat

Site:Cabinet

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FSO Hot Spots

The link can cross roads or other links The link can cross roads or other links with no interference.with no interference.

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Wireless Hotspots

WiFi WiFi coverage areacoverage area

FSO linksFSO links

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WiFi Coverage

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Logical Diagram

To any applicationTo any application

Camera, Microphone, etcCamera, Microphone, etc

WiFi WiFi

Access pointAccess point

10/100 Base T10/100 Base T

100 Base 100 Base FxFx

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Westminster

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Case Study: Press GaneyNo Line of Sight

In this Fast Ethernet enterprise application, no line of sight existed between the two buildings. This problem was overcome by using two TereScopes to connect the buildings via an intermediary point. The two links were 180 m and 335 m in distance, and have plenty of margin to overcome the elements in South Bend, Indiana.

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Case Study: Netune CommunicationsMovie Production

In this temporary application, a TereScope 1000X was used to connect a multimedia studio to the private workshop of a visual effects editor. Operating in London, England, the TereScopes spanned a distance of almost 1 km to provide Fast Ethernet connectivity between two switches. The project was a complete success and the units are being used by the company in other temporary applications.

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Case Study: TereScope 1 (PAL) in Paris

The TereScope 1 (PAL) systems have the advantage of not requiring electrical power at the unit. In this application, these all-optical units were used to connect a Fast Ethernet hotel data network over a distance of 150 m. The units get their optical signal directly from special modules in an OptiSwitch, which can also be used as the network switching platform. This combination of products made for a quick and cost-effective connectivity solution.

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– MRV Communications– Free Space Optics technology– TereScope– Passive FSO– FAQ– ApplicationsNew DevelopmentsNew Developments

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Our NexGeneration FSO Systems!

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8” Technology

Based on Matrix VCSL lasersBased on Matrix VCSL lasersComplete new housingComplete new housingModular designModular designRedundant Power supplyRedundant Power supplyTS5000 familyTS5000 familyTS4000 familyTS4000 familyTS2000 familyTS2000 family

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Thank Thank YouYou

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