Forest Resources
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Transcript of Forest Resources
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FOREST RESOURCES
By Ashish M Padaruth 0803012054Abhishek Srivastava 08030121049Amritanshu Pathack 08030121050
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Introduction
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Forests cover a third of our land on the planet earth
They provide raw materials, maintain biodiversity, protect land and water
resources, and play a role in climate change mitigation
Forests are heavily exploited
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they can be damaged by fire, agricultural and urban expansion, and other disturbances
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Ten countries with largest forest areas (million ha)
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How much forest is there on the planet and at what rate is it disappearing?
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30% of the global total land area is covered by forests
Forest area decreased worldwide by 0.22% per year in the period 1990-2000 and 0.18% per year between 2000 and 2005.
Primary forests account for over a third of global forest area
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Forest plantations are increasing but make up less than 5% of overall forest area
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Forest characteristics (%)
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How can forests affect climate change?
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by affecting the amount of carbon dioxide
carbon is removed from the atmosphere and absorbed in wood, leaves and soil
Forests are known as ‘ carbon sinks ‘
forest ecosystems store more carbon than the entire atmosphere
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Growing stock is a measure of the volume of stem wood in a given area of forest or wooded land
Carbon stock refers to the amount of carbon stored in the world’s forest ecosystem
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Total Carbon Stock (C) in forests by region
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What is the biological diversity of the world’sforests?
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Biological diversity allows forest ecosystems to adapt continuously to changing conditions and to maintain their potential for meeting human needs
The amount of primary forest provides a basic indication of biodiversity
Protected areas of forest are important to conserve biological diversity
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The number of native tree species found in different countries varies greatly
Rare tree species and those with high economic value are often in danger of becoming locally extinct
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Ten countries with the largest area of primary forest (%)
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Number of native forest tree species
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How healthy are the world’s forests?
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Forests can be damaged by disturbances such as fires, airborne pollution, storms, invasive species, pests, diseases, and insects
About 1% of forests (an area roughly the size of New Zealand) are consumed by fire each year
Problems caused by insects and diseases have increased in recent years
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Other forest disturbances include climatic factors such as wind, snow, ice, floods, tropical storms and drought, or impacts of animals
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What products are extracted from forests?
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Forests provide a wide range of products, not only timber and fuel wood, but also products such as food (berries, mushrooms ,etc.) and fodder
One third of the world’s forests are used primarily for production of wood
Growing stock is the amount of stemwood in a given area
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Volume of timber and fuel wood harvested has remained constant
Non-wood products provided by forests include food, fodder, and medicinal plants
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Five countries with greatest total growing stock (%)
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Ten countries with largest area of productive forest plantations (%)
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What are the protective effects of forests?
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conservation of ecosystems
in maintaining clean water
in preventing or reducing the severity of floods, avalanches, erosion and drought
An increasing area of the world’s forests is designated primarily for soil and water conservation
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Recognizing the important protective role of forests, many countries have planted trees for this purpose
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Designated functions of forests globally (%)
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What are the economic and social benefits of forests?
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Forests provide a wide range of economic and social benefits
The total value of harvested timber and fuelwood was about US$64 billion
The total global reported value of non-wood forest products was US$4.7 billion
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10 million people are employed in forestry
Most of the world’s forests are publicly owned (84%), but private ownership is increasing
Use of forests for recreation and education is increasing
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Are forests managed in a sustainable way?
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There are many good signs and positive trends, but also many negative trends
At the global level, there has been a decrease in the area of forest
In Africa, overall, there was limited progress
In Asia, progress has been mixed
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In Europe, the status of forest has mainly been stable
Forest management has progressed in North and Central America as a whole
Progress in South America was mixed
Within world regions there are local differences
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Ownership of forests by subregion
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And what about tribal people?
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Conclusions
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Deforestation continues at an alarmingly high rate, but that the net loss of forest area is slowing down
If managed sustainably, forests also contribute significantly to local and national economies
Overall, progress towards sustainable forest management has been mixed
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The world’s forests
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Any Questions?
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Thank You
The End