Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg
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Transcript of Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg
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Foot, Ankle, and Lower Leg
Chapter 15
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The Foot
• The three major groups of bones are– Tarsals– Metatarsals– Phalanges
• A grand total of 28 bones in the foot
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The Cup and Saucer
• The tibia and fibula fit the talus like a cup and saucer
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Muscles in the calf
• There are two major muscles in the posterior calf.
• Gastrocnemius• Soleus
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Lateral Ligaments
The anterior talofibular ligament is the most commonly sprained ligament in the ankle
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Medial Ligaments
• The deltoid ligament is very strong
• When it is injured the athlete should be tested for a tibial fracture
• Eversions sprains make up approximately 15% of all ankle sprains
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Great Toe Sprain“Turf Toe”
• The great toe is very important for a variety of functions– Balance– Kicking– Walking – Running– Push off
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Ankle Braces
• Bracing has been proven to be more effective than taping in many studies.
• Taping tends to loose shape and effectiveness over time (as short as 20 minutes)
• Braces should allow the athlete a full range of motion and should be comfortable
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AIRCAST
• This is not an athletic ankle brace its too restrictive
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Ankle dislocations
• Important to call 9-1-1 for this injury
• Blood vessels and nerves may be damaged
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Tendonitis/Tendinitis
• Most common at this region is ACHILLES and POSTERIOR TIBIALIS tendonitis
• Inflammation of the tendon• Occurs as a result of
overuse/under conditioning
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Achilles Tendonitis
• Can be very painful
• Can set you up for a rupture if it does heal/go away
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Achilles Rupture
• Can happen with – Forceful
contraction of gastroc
– Blow to the tendon– Forced dorsiflexion
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Fractures at the lower leg
• ALL fractures must be splinted above and below the injury site
• This involves the whole foot and the knee
• Refer for xrays and call 9-1-1 if its serious
• Do not move athlete if it causes pain
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Jones Fracture
• An avulsion of the 5th metatarsal
• Involves peroneus brevis tendon
• Occurs with forceful inversion
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Shin Splints
• Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome
• Pain at the medial tibia
• Muscle fibers pulling away from the tibia
• Occurs b/c athlete is out of shape, older running shoes, tight calf muscles
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Anterior Compartment Syndrome
• A very serious condition!!
• Diminished pulse• Often occurs after
trauma to the area• Requires surgical
repair (fascieotomy)
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Toe Abnormalities
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PRICES
• The best way to take care of almost any injury:
ProtectRestIce CompressElevateSupport