Foot, Ankle and Lower Leg
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Transcript of Foot, Ankle and Lower Leg
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Foot, Ankle and Lower Leg
AT 243-Acute Care LabKrzyzanowicz-Spring ‘10
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3 major lateral ligaments◦ Anterior Talofibular ligament (ATF)
Most commonly sprained ligament◦ Calcaneofibular Ligament (CF)◦ Posterior Talofibular ligament (PTF)
1 major medial ligament◦ Deltoid ligament
High ankle sprain (syndesmosis)◦ Distal Tibiofibular ligament
Anatomy
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Lateral Ankle Ligaments
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Medial Ankle Ligament
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Foot Anatomy
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Closed basketweave taping◦ Start with shaving their legs (do we really do
this?)◦ Pre-wrap
Start at the mid-calf and work your way down Overlapping by half
◦ Anchor strips Apply 3 anchor strips
Mid-calf Overlapping by half
Apply 1 anchor strip at the mid-foot
Ankle Sprains
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Closed basketweave taping◦ Apply 3 stirrups
With an anchor strip after each stirrup Medial to lateral (know the mechanism of injury)
◦ Apply 2 heel-locks (on each side)◦ Apply 1 figure eight (on each side)◦ Close tape job
Ankle Taping
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More cost effective way to prevent ankle sprains◦ Cost of an ankle brace vs. taping supplies
$15-20 for a brace (one time cost) vs. $45 for a box of tape
Hundreds of different braces◦ All have same principle
Prevent excessive movement of the ankle
Ankle Braces
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Ankle Braces
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Same as closed basketweave, but its open in the middle◦ Helps with “pushing” swelling◦ Not used very often◦ Close off with an ace wrap
Open basketweave
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Spray/Heel-lace pad◦ Pre-wrap from calf to mid-foot◦ Places two anchor strips over the calf; one over
mid-foot◦ Measures two strips of elastic tape from calf to
mid-foot Splits both pieces down the middle (only about 1’) Places strip on mid-foot-places an anchor strip
Pulls up to calf and places anchor strip Repeats again Closes tape job
Achilles’ Tendon Taping
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Achilles’ Tendon Taping
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Places anchor at the head of the metatarsals
Beginning at the 1st metatarsal◦ Place strip of tape (1’ tape) and pull around
outside of foot; once at the medial aspect of the calcaneous pull diagonally ending at the metatarsal head
◦ Repeat for toes 2-5◦ Place tape strips (1.5’ tape) on the mid-foot,
starting at the metatarsal heads, pulling lateral to medial- repeat about 3-4 times
◦ Close tape job
Arch Taping
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Arch Taping
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Arch Taping
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Many different supports◦ Dr. Scholls supports-over the counter
Custom orthotics◦ Mold of your foot◦ Custom supports◦ Helps in shin splints, stress fractures
Arch Support
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Places a 1’ anchor around the great toe; and a 1.5’ anchor around the mid-foot
Creates two fans of 3-6 pieces of tape◦ Places one fan on the great toe, anchors it down
and then pulls to the mid-foot-anchors it down◦ Places second fan on the great toe, anchors it
down and then pulls to the mid-foot and anchors it down
◦ Makes a figure eight around the great toe (1-2x) Closes tape job
Turf Toe Taping
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Turf Toe Taping
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These are meant to help change the angle of pull of the patellar tendon
More biomechanically efficient
Helps in persons with “jumpers knee” aka patellar tendonitis
Patellar Tendon Straps
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Patellar Tendon Straps
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Have athlete stand and flex their knee about 20 degrees◦ Apply two anchor strips inferior to patellar tendon◦ Apply two anchor strips superior to ankle◦ Apply tape in an oblique direction, pulling medial
to lateral the entire way up the leg Overlapping by half
◦ Repeat, pulling lateral to medial◦ Apply a closing strip inferior to patellar tendon
and superior to ankle◦ Close tape job
Shin Splint Taping
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Shin Splint Taping
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Many different sizes◦ 3 inch◦ 4 inch◦ 6 inch◦ 6 inch double
Used to help push out swelling
Must always check pulse and capillary bed refill!
For the ankle◦ Use a 6’ single wrap◦ Starts distal to
proximal (at the toes)
◦ Medial to lateral◦ Pulls enough force to
push out the swelling
◦ Overlaps in a weaving manner
◦ Check pulse
Ace wraps
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Ace Wraps
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These are used to help push out swelling as well◦ Used in conjunction
with an ace wrap Very easy to make
◦ Make a horseshoe design out of felt
Horseshoes