Fluke Calibration 6102 Manual

7/26/2019 Fluke Calibration 6102 Manual

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6102Micro-Bat

Users Guide

January 2013

2013 Fluke Corporation. All rights reserved. Specifications are subject to change without notice.

All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.

PN 3729224


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LIMITED WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF LIABILITY

Each Fluke product is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use andservice. The warranty period is one year and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, andservices are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer ofa Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, inFluke's opinion, has been misused, altered, neglected, contaminated, or damaged by accident or abnormal

conditions of operation or handling. Fluke warrants that software will operate substantially in accordancewith its functional specifications for 90 days and that it has been properly recorded on non-defective media.Fluke does not warrant that software will be error free or operate without interruption.

Fluke authorized resellers shall extend this warranty on new and unused products to end-user customersonly but have no authority to extend a greater or different warranty on behalf of Fluke. Warranty support isavailable only if product is purchased through a Fluke authorized sales outlet or Buyer has paid theapplicable international price. Fluke reserves the right to invoice Buyer for importation costs ofrepair/replacement parts when product purchased in one country is submitted for repair in another country.

Fluke's warranty obligation is limited, at Fluke's option, to refund of the purchase price, free of charge repair,or replacement of a defective product which is returned to a Fluke authorized service center within thewarranty period.

To obtain warranty service, contact your nearest Fluke authorized service center to obtain returnauthorization information, then send the product to that service center, with a description of the difficulty,postage and insurance prepaid (FOB Destination). Fluke assumes no risk for damage in transit. Following

warranty repair, the product will be returned to Buyer, transportation prepaid (FOB Destination). If Flukedetermines that failure was caused by neglect, misuse, contamination, alteration, accident, or abnormalcondition of operation or handling, including overvoltage failures caused by use outside the productsspecified rating, or normal wear and tear of mechanical components, Fluke will provide an estimate of repaircosts and obtain authorization before commencing the work. Following repair, the product will be returned tothe Buyer transportation prepaid and the Buyer will be billed for the repair and return transportation charges(FOB Shipping Point).

THIS WARRANTY IS BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHERWARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTYOF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. FLUKE SHALL NOT BE LIABLEFOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES,INCLUDING LOSS OF DATA, ARISING FROM ANY CAUSE OR THEORY.

Since some countries or states do not allow limitation of the term of an implied warranty, or exclusion orlimitation of incidental or consequential damages, the limitations and exclusions of this warranty may not

apply to every buyer. If any provision of this Warranty is held invalid or unenforceable by a court or otherdecision-maker of competent jurisdiction, such holding will not affect the validity or enforceability of any otherprovision.

Fluke CorporationP.O. Box 9090Everett, WA 98206-9090U.S.A.

Fluke Europe B.V.P.O. Box 11865602 BD EindhovenThe Netherlands

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To register your product online, visit register.fluke.com


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iii

Table of Contents

1 Before You Start .......................................................................1

1.1 Symbols Used ........................................................................................... 1

1.2 Safety Information .................................................................................... 21.2.1 Warnings ......................................................................................................... 2

1.2.2 Cautions .......................................................................................................... 4

1.3 Authorized Service Centers ..................................................................... 5

2 Introduction .............................................................................7

3 Specications and Environmental Conditions ......................9

3.1 Specifications ........................................................................................... 9

3.2 Environmental Conditions ......................................................................... 9

4 Quick Start ..............................................................................11

4.1 Unpacking .............................................................................................. 11

4.2 Setup ...................................................................................................... 11

4.3 Power ..................................................................................................... 12

4.4 Setting the Temperature ......................................................................... 12

5 Installation .............................................................................135.1 Bath Environment ................................................................................... 13

5.2 Dry-out Period ..................................................................................... 13

5.3 Bath Preparation and Filling ................................................................... 13

5.4 Power ..................................................................................................... 14

6 Bath Use .................................................................................15

6.1 General .................................................................................................. 15

6.2 Comparison Calibration ......................................................................... 15

6.3 Calibration of Multiple Probes ................................................................. 16

7 Parts and Controls ................................................................17

7.1 Back and Bottom Panel .......................................................................... 17

7.2 Front Panel .............................................................................................. 18

7.3 Accessories ........................................................................................... 19

7.3.1 Transport/Pour Lid ........................................................................................19


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7.3.2 Access Cover (Optional) ..............................................................................19

7.3.3 Probe Basket ................................................................................................19

7.3.4 Stir Bar .......................................................................................................... 20

7.3.5 Tank Extender (Optional) ..............................................................................20

8 General Operation ..................................................................21

8.1 Switching to 230V Operation .................................................................. 21

8.2 Bath Fluid ............................................................................................... 21

8.2.1 Temperature Range .......................................................................................21

8.2.2 Viscosity ........................................................................................................ 22

8.2.3 Specific Heat .................................................................................................22

8.2.4 Thermal Conductivity ....................................................................................22

8.2.5 Thermal Expansion........................................................................................22

8.2.6 Electrical Resistivity .......................................................................................22

8.2.7 Fluid Lifetime .................................................................................................23

8.2.8 Safety ............................................................................................................ 23

8.2.9 Cost ...............................................................................................................23

8.2.10 Commonly Used Fluids .................................................................................23

8.2.10.1 Water (Distilled) ................................................................................................... 24

8.2.10.2 Mineral Oil ............................................................................................................ 24

8.2.10.3 Silicone Oil (Dow Corning 200.10, 200.20) .......................................................... 24

8.2.11 Fluid Characteristics Charts .......................................................................... 24

8.2.11.1 Limitations and Disclaimer .................................................................................. 25

8.2.11.2 About the Graph .................................................................................................. 26

8.3 Stirring .................................................................................................... 27

8.4 Power ...................................................................................................... 28

8.5 Heater ..................................................................................................... 28

8.6 Fluid Drain ............................................................................................... 28

8.7 Temperature Controller .......................................................................... 28

9 Controller Operation ..............................................................31

9.1 Well Temperature ................................................................................... 31

9.2 Temperature Set-point ........................................................................... 319.2.1 Programmable Set-points ............................................................................31

9.2.2 Set-point Value .............................................................................................33

9.2.3 Temperature Scale Units ..............................................................................33

9.3 Scan ....................................................................................................... 34

9.3.1 Scan Control .................................................................................................34

9.3.2 Scan Rate .....................................................................................................34

9.4 Temperature Display Hold ..................................................................... 35


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9.4.1 Hold Temperature Display ............................................................................ 35

9.4.2 Mode Setting ................................................................................................35

9.4.3 Switch Wiring ................................................................................................36

9.4.4 Switch Test Example ....................................................................................36

9.5 Secondary Menu .................................................................................... 36

9.6 Heater Power .......................................................................................... 37

9.7 Proportional Band .................................................................................. 37

9.8 Cutout .................................................................................................... 38

9.9 Controller Configuration .......................................................................... 39

9.10 Operating Parameters ............................................................................ 39

9.10.1 Stir Speed ......................................................................................................39

9.10.2 High Limit .....................................................................................................40

9.10.3 Cutout Reset Mode .......................................................................................40

9.11 Serial Interface Parameters ................................................................... 419.11.1 BAUD Rate ....................................................................................................41

9.11.2 Sample Period ...............................................................................................41

9.11.3 Duplex Mode .................................................................................................42

9.11.4 Linefeed .......................................................................................................42

9.12 Calibration Parameters ........................................................................... 43

9.12.1 R0 .................................................................................................................43

9.12.2 ALPHA .......................................................................................................... 43

9.12.3 DELTA ........................................................................................................... 43

9.12.4 C0 and CG ....................................................................................................44

9.12.5 rCAL ..............................................................................................................44

10 Digital Communication Interface ..........................................45

10.1 Serial Communications .......................................................................... 45

10.1.1 Wiring ...........................................................................................................45

10.1.2 Setup ............................................................................................................45

10.1.2.1 Baud Rate ........................................................................................................... 46

10.1.2.2 Sample Period ...................................................................................................... 46

10.1.2.3 Duplex Mode ........................................................................................................ 46

10.1.2.4 Linefeed ................................................................................................................ 4610.1.3 Serial Operation ............................................................................................46

10.2 Interface Commands .............................................................................. 47

11 Test Probe Calibration ...........................................................49

11.1 Calibrating a Single Probe ..................................................................... 49

11.2 Stabilization and Accuracy .................................................................... 49


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11.3 Multiple Probe Calibration ..................................................................... 49

12 Calibration Procedure ...........................................................51

12.1 Calibration Points ................................................................................... 51

12.2 Calibration Procedure ............................................................................ 5112.2.1 Compute DELTA ........................................................................................... 52

12.2.2 Compute R0 & ALPHA ..................................................................................52

12.2.3 Accuracy & Repeatability .............................................................................53

13 Maintenance ...........................................................................55

14 Troubleshooting .....................................................................57

14.1 Troubleshooting Problems, Possible Causes, and Solutions ................. 57

14.2 CE Comments ......................................................................................... 5814.2.1 EMC Directive ...............................................................................................58

14.2.2 Low Voltage Directive (Safety) ......................................................................58


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Tables

Table 1 International Electrical Symbols ........................................................... 1

Table 2 Specifications ....................................................................................... 9

Table 3 Table of Various Bath Fluids ............................................................... 25

Table 4 Nominal Stirrer Motor Settings With Different Liquids ........................ 28

Table 5 Controller Communications Commands ............................................. 48


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Figures

Figure 1 6102 Back Panel and Bottom ............................................................ 17

Figure 2 6102 Front Panel ................................................................................ 18

Figure 3 Bath Lids and Lid Parts ..................................................................... 19

Figure 4 Probe Basket ..................................................................................... 20

Figure 5 Stir Bar ............................................................................................... 20

Figure 6 Chart of Various Bath Fluids ............................................................. 26

Figure 7 Controller Operation Flowchart ......................................................... 32

Figure 8 Serial Cable Wiring ........................................................................... 45


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1

Before You StartSymbols Used

Before You Start1

Symbols Used1.1Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols. Some or all of these symbols may be

used on the instrument or in this manual.

Table 1 International Electrical Symbols

Symbol Description

AC (Alternating Current)

AC-DC

Battery

CE

DC

Double Insulated

Electric Shock

Fuse

PE Ground

Hot Surface (Burn Hazard)

Read the Users Guide (Important Information)

Off

On

Canadian Standards Association


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideSafety Information

2

Symbol Description

C-TICK Australian EMC mark

The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment (WEEE) Directive (2002/96/

EC) mark.

OVERVOLTAGE (Installation) CATEGORY II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010-1 re fers tothe level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided. Equipment of OVERVOLTAGECATEGORY II is energy-consuming equipment to be supplied from the xed installation.Examples include household, office, and laboratory appliances.

Safety Information1.2Use this instrument only as specified in this manual. Otherwise, the protection

provided by the instrument may be impaired.

The following definitions apply to the terms Warning and Caution.

Warning identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user.

Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the instrument

being used.

Warnings1.2.1

To avoid personal injury, follow these guidelines.

GENERAL

DO NOTuse the instrument for any application other than calibration work. Theinstrument was designed for temperature calibration. Any other use of the unit maycause unknown hazards to the user.

DO NOT overfill the bath. Overflowing extremely cold or hot fluid may be harmful tothe operator. See Section 5.3, Bath Preparation and Filling, for specific instructions.

DO NOTinstall access cover without holes onto a bath that is energized. Dangerouspressures may result from fluids vaporizing.

Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel.

If this equipment is used in a manner not specified by the manufacturer, the protection

provided by the equipment may be impaired.

Before initial use, or after transport, or after storage in humid or semi-humidenvironments, or anytime the instrument has not been energized for more than 10days, the instrument needs to be energized for a dry-out period of 2 hours beforeit can be assumed to meet all of the safety requirements of the IEC 61010-1. If the

product is wet or has been in a wet environment, take necessary measures to removemoisture prior to applying power such as storage in a low humidity temperaturechamber operating at 50C for 4 hours or more.


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Before You StartSafety Information

Overhead clearance is required. Do not place the instrument under a cabinet or otherstructure. Always leave enough clearance to allow for safe and easy insertion andremoval of probes.

The instrument is intended for indoor use only.

DO NOTuse the unit in environments other than those listed in the users guide.DO NOTcarry the unit without the transport lid in place and properly secured.

Thoroughly wipe the inside of the well dry when changing fluids as some hightemperaturefluids react violently to water or other liquid mediums.

Use of this instrument at HIGH TEMPERATURESfor extended periods of time

requires caution.

Completely unattended high temperature operationin not recommended.

BURN HAZARD

High temperatures may be present in this equipment. Fires and severe burns may resultif personnel fail to observe safety precautions.

DO NOTmix water and oil when exceeding temperatures of 90C (194F).

ELECTRICAL HAZARD

These guidelines must be followed to ensure that the safety mechanisms in this

instrument will operate properly. This instrument must be plugged into an AC only

electric outlet as listed in Section 3.1, Specifications. The power cord of the instrument

is equipped with a three-pronged grounding plug for your protection against electrical

shock hazards. It must be plugged directly into a properly grounded three-prongreceptacle. The receptacle must be installed in accordance with local codes and

ordinances. DO NOT use an extension cord or adapter plug.

DOuse a ground fault interrupt device. This unit contains a liquid. A ground fault

device is advised in case liquid is present in the electrical system and could cause an

electrical shock.

Always replace the power cord with an approved cord of the correct rating and type. If

you have questions, contact an Authorized Service Center (see Section 1.3).

High voltage is used in the operation of this equipment. Severe injury or death may

result if personnel fail to observe the safety precautions. Before working inside theequipment, turn off the power and disconnect the power cord.

DO NOT connect this unit to a non-grounded, non-polarized outlet.

Always replace the fuse with one of the same rating, voltage, and type.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideSafety Information

4

BATH FLUIDS

Fluids used in this unit may produce noxious or toxic fumes under certain

circumstances. Consult the fluid manufacturers MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet).

Proper ventilation and safety precautions must be observed.

The unit is equipped with a soft cutout (user settable firmware) and a hard cutout.Check the flash point, boiling point, or other fluid characteristic applicable to the

circumstances of the unit operation. Ensure that the soft cutout is adjusted to the fluid

characteristics of the application. DO NOTexceed the boiling or flash temperatures of

the fluid being used.

Cautions1.2.2

DO NOToverfill the bath. Overflowing liquid may damage the electrical system. Besure to allow for thermal expansion of the fluid as the bath temperature increases. SeeSection 5.3, Bath Preparation and Filling, for specific instructions.

Read Section 6, Bath Use, before placing the unit into service.

DO NOTchange the values of the bath calibration constants from the factory setvalues. The correct setting of these parameters is important to the safety and properoperation of the unit.

The Factory Reset Sequenceshould be performed only by authorized personnel ifno other action is successful in correcting a malfunction. You must have a copy of themost recent Report of Test to restore the test parameters.

Most probes have handle temperature limits. Be sure that the probe handle temperaturelimit is not exceeded in the air above the instrument.

The instrument and any thermometer probes used with it are sensitive instruments thatcan be easily damaged. Always handle these devices with care. Do not allow them to

be dropped, struck, stressed, or overheated.

Operate the instrument in room temperatures as listed in Section 3.2, EnvironmentalConditions. Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 6 inches of space be-tween the instrument and nearby objects.

Overhead clearance needs to allow for safe and easy insertion and removal of probesfor calibration.

Use only clean fluid with the instrument.

The Micro-Bath is a precision instrument. Although it has been designed for optimumdurability and trouble free operation, it must be handled with care. Always carry theunit in an upright position to prevent the liquid from spilling out. The convenientfold-up handle allows one hand carrying. The instrument should not be operated inexcessively wet, oily, dusty, or dirty environments. It is important to keep the well ofthe instrument clean and clear of any foreign matter. Do not operate near flammablematerials.


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Before You StartAuthorized Service Centers

If a mains supply power fluctuation occurs, immediately turn off the instrument.Power bumps from brown-outs and black-outs could damage the instrument. Waituntil the power has stabilized before re-energizing the instrument.

Components and heater lifetime can be shortened by continuous high temperatureoperation.

DO NOT operate the instrument without fluid.

The input voltage and heater voltage switch settings must always be set to the samevalue.

1.3 Authorized Service Centers

Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate service

on your Hart product:

Fluke CorporationHart Scientific Division799 E. Utah Valley DriveAmerican Fork, UT 84003-9775USA

Phone: +1.801.763.1600Telefax: +1.801.763.1010E-mail: [email protected]

Fluke Nederland B.V.Customer Support ServicesScience Park Eindhoven 51085692 EC Son

NETHERLANDS

Phone: +31-402-675300Telefax: +31-402-675321E-mail: [email protected]


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideAuthorized Service Centers

6

Fluke Intl Corporation

Service Center - InstrimpexRoom 2301 Sciteck Tower22 Jianguomenwai DajieChao Yang District

Beijing 100004, PRCCHINA

Phone: +86-10-6-512-3436Telefax: +86-10-6-512-3437E-mail: [email protected]

Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd.

Fluke ASEAN Regional OfficeService Center60 Alexandra Terrace #03-16

The Comtech (Lobby D)118502SINGAPORE

Phone: +65-6799-5588Telefax: +65-6799-5589E-mail: [email protected]

When contacting these Service Centers for support, please have the following

information available:

Model Number

Serial Number

Voltage

Complete description of the problem


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Introduction

Introduction2

The Hart Scientific 6102 Micro-Bath may be used as a portable instrument or benchtop temperature calibrator for calibrating thermocouple and RTD temperature probes.The 6102 is small enough to use in the field, and accurate enough to use in the lab.Calibrations may be done over a range of 35C to 200C (95F to 392F). Theresolution of the 6102 temperature display is 0.01 degrees.

The Micro-Bath calibrator features:

Convenient handle

RS-232 interface

Switchable AC Input (115 VAC or 230 VAC)

Built in programmable features include:

Temperature scan rate control

Temperature switch hold

Eight Set-point memory

Adjustable readout in C or F

The temperature is accurately controlled by Harts digital controller. The controlleruses a precision platinum RTD as a sensor and controls the well temperature with asolid state relay (triac) driven heater.

The LED front panel continuously shows the current well temperature. Thetemperature may be easily set with the control buttons to any desired temperaturewithin the specified range. The calibrators multiple fault protection devices insureuser and instrument safety and protection.

The 6102 Micro-Bath was designed for portability, low cost, and ease of operation.

Through proper use, the instrument will continuously provide accurate calibrationof temperature sensors and devices. The user should be familiar with the safetyguidelines and operating procedures of the calibrator as described in the instructionmanual.


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Specications and Environmental ConditionsSpecications

Specications and Environmental Conditions3

3.1 SpecicationsThe 6102 may not meet the specification published if a different fluid is used other

than distilled water or Dow Corning (200.10, 200.20) oil.

Do not exceed the boiling point or flash point temperatures of the fluid. To ensure thatthe boiling and flash point temperatures are not exceeded adjust the High Limit andCutout parameters. To set these parameters, refer to Section 9, Controller Operation.

SpecificationsTable 2

Range 35 to 200C (95 to 392F)

Accuracy 0.25C

Stability 0.02C at 100C

0.03C at 200C

Uniformity 0.02C

Resolution 0.01C/F

Operating Temperature 5 to 45C (41 to 113F)

Heating Time 25C to 200C: 40 minutes

Cooling Time 200C to 100C: 35 minutes

Well Size 1.9" dia. x 5.5" deep (48 x 139 mm)

Size 5.5" W x 10.38" H x 8" D (14 x 26 x 20 cm)

Weight 10 lb. (4.5 kg) with uid

Power 115 VAC (10%), 12.3 A, or 230 VAC (10%), 1.1 A, switchable, 50/60 Hz,270 W

System Fuse 115 V: 250 V, 3A, F

230 V: 250 V, 1.6A, F

Safety Overvoltage (Installation) Category II, Pollution Degree 2 per IEC 61010-01

3.2 Environmental ConditionsAlthough the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trouble-freeoperation, it must be handled with care. The instrument should not be operated in anexcessively dusty or dirty environment. Maintenance and cleaning recommendationscan be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual.

The instrument operates safely under the following conditions:

ambient temperature range: 5 45C (41 113F)

ambient relative humidity: maximum 80% for temperature


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Quick StartUnpacking

Quick Start4

Caution:READ SECTION 6 ENTITLED BATH USE before placing the bath inservice. Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the warranty.

4.1 UnpackingUnpack the Micro-Bath carefully and inspect it for any damage that may haveoccurred during shipment. If there is shipping damage, notify the carrier immediately.

Verify that the following components are present:

6102 Micro-Bath

Transport/Pour Lid

Probe Basket

Stir Bar

Power Cord

Users Guide

Report of Calibration

Calibration Label

RS-232 Cable

9930 Interface- itSoftware

Access Cover (optional)

Extender, perf-cage, wrench (optional)

Setup4.2Place the calibrator on a flat surface with at least 6 inches of free space around theinstrument. Plug the power cord into a grounded mains outlet. Observe that thenominal voltage corresponds to that indicated on the back of the calibrator.

Carefully insert the probe basket into the tank. Fill the tank with the appropriate fluid.The set-point temperature and the number of and size of probes determine the fluidlevel. Be sure to keep the fluid level an adequate distance below the top of the wellto prevent overflowing the fluid when the probes are inserted. For example, placing200.20 oil at room temperature (25C) into the bath and heating the unit to 200C,causes a 1-inch (2.54 cm) expansion of the fluid inside the well.

Keep thefluid level at least 0.64 cm (0.25 inches) below the top of the probe basketat all times. With the probe (probes) in the tank fill the tank 3/4 full. Heat to themaximum temperature of the fluid. Slowly fill the well to 1.3 cm (.5 inch) below thetop of the probe basket at the maximum temperature of the fluid.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuidePower

12

Turn on the power to the calibrator by toggling the switch on the power entry module.The fan should begin blowing air through the instrument and the controller displayshould illuminate after 3 seconds. After a brief self test the controller should beginnormal operation. If the unit fails to operate please check the power connection.

The display will begin to show the fluid temperature and the tank heater will start

operating to bring the temperature of the fluid to the set-point temperature. Insure thatthe fluid is being stirred.

Power4.3Plug the Micro-Bath power cord into a mains outlet of the proper voltage, frequency,and current capability. Refer to Section 3.1, Specifications, for power details. Turn the

bath on using the rear panel POWER switch. The Micro-Bath will turn on and beginto heat to the previously programmed temperature set-point. The front panel LEDdisplay will indicate the actual bath temperature.

Setting the Temperature4.4Section 9.2 explains in detail how to set the temperature set-point on the calibratorusing the front panel keys. The procedure is summarized here.

Press SET twice to access the set-point value.1.

Press UP or DOWN to change the set-point value.2.

Press SET to store the new set-point.3.

Press and hold EXIT to return to the temperature display.4.

When the set-point temperature is changed the controller switches the tank heater onor off to raise or lower the temperature. The displayed temperature gradually changes

until it reaches the set-point temperature. The 6102 may require 25 minutes to reachthe set-point depending on the span. Another 10 to 15 minutes is required to stabilizewithin 0.03C of the set-point. Ultimate stability may take 20 to 30 minutes more ofstabilization time.


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InstallationBath Environment

Installation5

Caution:READ SECTION 6 ENTITLED BATH USE before placing the bath inservice. Incorrect handling can damage the bath and void the warranty.

Bath Environment5.1The 6102 Micro Bath is a precision instrument which should be located in anappropriate environment. The location should be free of drafts, extreme temperaturesand temperature changes, dirt, etc. The surface where the bath is placed must be level.

Because the bath is designed for operation at high temperatures, keep all flammableand meltable materials away from the bath. Although the bath is well insulated, topsurfaces do become hot. Beware of the danger of accidental fluid spills. The bathshould be placed on a heat-proof surface such as concrete with plenty of clear spacearound the bath.

If the bath is operated at high temperatures, a fume hood should be used to re-move any vapors given off by hot bath fluid.

Dry-out Period5.2Before initial use, after transport, and any time the instrument has not been energizedfor more than 10 days, the bath will need to be energized for a dry-out periodof 1-2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety requirements of theIEC 61010-1.

5.3 Bath Preparation and FillingThe 6102 Micro Bath is not provided with a fluid. Various fluids are available fromHart Scientific and other sources. Depending on the desired temperature range, any ofthe following fluids, as well as others, may be used in the bath:

Water (distilled)

Ethylene glycol/water

Mineral oil

Silicone oil

Fluids are discussed in detail in Section 8.2.

Remove any access hole cover from the bath and check the tank for foreign matter(dirt, remnant packing material, etc.). Thoroughly dry the inside of the well with papertowels before filling.

Fill the bath with clean unpolluted fluid. Under-filling may reduce bath performance.The fluid should never exceed a height of .64 cm (.25 inches) below the top of the

basket. Carefully monitor the bath fluid level as the bath temperature rises to preventoverflow or splashing. Remove excess hot fluid if necessary with caution.


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Power5.4With the bath power switch off, plug the bath into an AC mains outlet of theappropriate voltage, frequency, and current capacity. Refer to Section 3.1,Specifications, for power details.


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Bath UseGeneral

6 Bath Use

Caution:Read this section before placing the bath in service.

The information in this section is for general information only. It is not designed to bethe basis for calibration laboratory procedures. Each laboratory will need to write theirown specific procedures.

General6.1Be sure to select the correct fluid for the temperature range of the calibration. Bathfluids should be selected to operate safely with adequate thermal properties to meet theapplication requirements. Also, be aware that some fluids expand and could overflowthe bath if not watched. Refer to Section 8.2, Bath Fluid, for information specific tofluid selection and to the MSDS sheet specific to the fluid selected. Generally, bathsare set to one temperature and used to calibrate probes only at that single temperature.This means that the type of bath fluid does not have to change. Additionally, the bathcan be left energized reducing the stress on the system.

The bath generates extreme temperatures. Precautions must be taken to preventpersonal injury or damage to objects. Probes may be extremely hot or cold whenremoved from the bath. Cautiously handle probes to prevent personal injury. Carefully

place probes on a heat/cold resistant surface or rack until they are at room temperature.It is advisable to wipe the probe with a clean soft cloth or paper towel before insertingit into another bath. This prevents the mixing of fluids from one bath to another. If the

probe has been calibrated in liquid salt, carefully wash the probe in warm water anddry completely before transferring it to another fluid. Always be sure that the probeis completely dry before inserting it into a hot fluid. Be aware that cleaning the probecan be dangerous if the probe has not cooled to room temperature. Additionally, hightemperaturefluids may ignite the paper towels if the probe has not been cooled.

Warning:Some of the high temperature fluids react violently to water or otherliquid mediums.

For optimum accuracy and stability, allow the bath adequate stabilization time afterreaching the set-point temperature.

Comparison Calibration6.2Comparison calibration involves testing a probe (unit under test, UUT) againsta reference probe. After inserting the probes to be calibrated into the bath, allowsufficient time for the probes to settle and the temperature of the bath to stabilize.

One of the significant dividends of using a bath rather than a dry-well to calibratemultiple probes is that the probes do not need to be identical in construction. The fluidin the bath allows different types of probes to be calibrated at the same time. However,stem effect from different types of probes is not totally eliminated. Even though all

baths have horizontal and vertical gradients, these gradients are minimized inside the


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideCalibration of Multiple Probes

16

bath work area. Nevertheless, probes should be inserted to the same depth in the bathliquid. Be sure that all probes are inserted deep enough to prevent stem effect. Fromresearch at Hart Scientific, we suggest a general rule-of-thumb for immersion depthto reduce the stem effect to a minimum: 15 x the diameter of the UUT + the sensorlength. Do not submerge the probe handles. If the probe handles get too warm

during calibration at high temperatures, a heat shield could be used just below theprobe handle. This heat shield could be as simple as aluminum foil slid over the probebefore inserting it in the bath or as complicated as a specially designed reflective metalapparatus.

When calibrating over a wide temperature range, better results can generally beachieved by starting at the highest temperature and progressing down to the lowesttemperature.

Probes can be held in place in the bath by using probe clamps or drilling holes in theaccess cover. Other fixtures to hold the probes can be designed. The object is to keepthe reference probe and the probe(s) to be calibrated as closely grouped as possible inthe working area of the bath. Bath stability is maximized when the bath working area

is kept covered.

In preparing to use the bath for calibration start by:

Placing the reference probe in the bath working area.

Placing the probe to be calibrated, the UUT, in the bath working area as close as

feasibly possible to the reference probe.

Calibration of Multiple Probes6.3Fully loading the bath with probes increases the time required for the temperature tostabilize after inserting the probes. Using the reference probe as the guide, be sure that

the temperature has stabilized before starting the calibration.


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17

Parts and ControlsBack and Bottom Panel

Parts and Controls7

The user should become familiar with the bath and its parts:

Back and Bottom Panel7.1Refer to Figure 1 on this page.

Power Cord Underneath the calibrator is the removable power cord inlet that plugsinto an IEC grounded socket.

Power Switch The power switch is located on the power entry module (PEM). ThePEM also houses the fuses and the dual voltage selector. The PEM and Heater VoltageSwitch (see below) allow the unit to be field switchable for 115 VAC (10%) or 230VAC (10%) operation.

115V

1 1 5

V

HEATERVOLTAGE SWITCH

115V

HEATERVOLTAGE SWITCH

115VAC 3 A230VAC 1.6 A

50/60 Hz

115 V - 3 250 V230 V - 250 V

A F1.6 A F

POWER

DISPLAYHOLD

RS-232

HEATER

VOLTAGE SWITCH

115VAC 3 A

230VAC 1.6 A

50/60 Hz

115 V - 3 250 V

230 V - 250 V

A F

1.6 A F

POWER

Back View Bottom View

Figure 1 6102 Back Panel and Bottom

Heater Voltage Switch To be used only when changing the input voltage. (See

Section 8.1 for instructions on changing the input voltage.)

Caution:The input voltage and heater voltage switch settings should always bethe same value.

Serial Port A DB-9 male connector is present for interfacing the calibrator to acomputer or terminal with serial RS-232 communications.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users Guide

Front Panel

18

Fan The fan inside the calibrator runs continuously when the unit is being operatedto provide cooling for the instrument. Slots at the top and around the two corners ofthe calibrator are provided for airow. The area around the calibrator must be keptclear to allow adequate ventilation. The airow is directed out the back.

Front Panel7.2

Refer to Figure 2 on this page.

Controller Display The digital display is an important part of the temperaturecontroller because it not only displays set and actual temperatures but also displaysvarious calibrator functions, settings, and constants. The display shows temperaturesin units according to the selected scale C or F.

6102 Front PanelFigure 2

Controller Keypad The four button keypad allows easy setting of the set-pointtemperature. The control buttons (SET, DOWN, UP, and EXIT) are used to set thecalibrator temperature set-point, access and set other operating parameters, and accessand set calibration parameters.

Setting the control temperature is done directly in degrees of the current scale. It canbe set to 0.01 degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.

The functions of the buttons are as follows:

SET Used to display the next parameter in the menu and to store parameters to thedisplayed value.

DOWN Used to decrement the displayed value of parameters.

UP Used to increment the displayed value.

EXIT Used to exit a function and to skip to the next function. Any changes to thedisplayed value are ignored. Holding the EXIT button for approximately 0.5 secondsexits back to the main display.

SET UPDOWN EXIT

200.00C

MICRO-BATH 35C to 200C6102


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19

Parts and ControlsAccessories

Accessories7.3

Transport/Pour Lid7.3.1

A transport/pour lid (Figure 3) is provided so the fluid being used does not have to beremoved when transporting. The lid doubles as a pour spout.

Figure 3

Pour Spout Pour SpoutCover

TransportPlug

Transport/Pour Lid

AluminumAccess Cover

(optional)

Guide Ring

Bath Lids and Lid Parts

Access Cover (Optional)7.3.2

An aluminum access cover (Figure 3) may be purchased for optimum stability. Holes

should be drilled in the access cover to allow insertion of the probes into the tank. Theholes must be within the guide ring for the probes to fit into the probe basket.

Probe Basket7.3.3

A probe basket (Figure 4) is provided as a guide for the probes and to prevent bumpingof the stir bar.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideAccessories

20

Figure 4 Probe Basket

Stir Bar7.3.4

The stir bar (Figure 5) sits in the bottom of the well for mixing the fluid providingbetter accuracy, uniformity, and stability.

Figure 5 Stir Bar

Tank Extender (Optional)7.3.5

An optional tank extender is available for increasing the depth of the tank. Thestability and the uniformity of the bath may change when using the extender. Theextender screws onto the tank and is equipped with an O-ring. Thread the extenderdown, using the wrench, until the O-ring makes a good seal.

Some fluids may expand up to 6.35 cm (2.5 inches). Therefore, when using the tankextender keep in mind how much the fluid will expand. Do not overfill the tank.

Ensure that the tank extender does not leak where the tank extender and the tank meet.

Do not use the extender without the perf-cage placed over the extender. Do not leavethe 6102 unattended while operating.

Cool the bath to ambient and remove all fluid from the bath before removing theextender.


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General OperationSwitching to 230V Operation

General Operation8

8.1 Switching to 230V OperationThe 6102 is switchable from 115 VAC to 230 VAC 50/60 Hz. Swithcing the voltage

can change the calibration, sothe unit should be calibrated after changing the inputvoltage.

To change from 115 VAC to 230 VAC:

Unplug the unit.1.

Lay the unit down on its side.2.

With a small straight slot screwdriver remove the fuse holder located on the3.bottom of the bath. Replace the two fuses (3 amp 250 V) with 1.6 amp 250 Vfuses.

Replace the fuse holder with the 230V in the display window.4.

Using the same straight slot screwdriver, move the heater switch to display5.230V. See the back panel and bottom drawing in Figure 1 on page 17.

Caution:The input voltage and heater voltage switch settings must both read230V when complete. Otherwise, the unit will either not heat or only heat at a

fraction of its capacity. If not done properly, the unit could become damaged andvoid the calibration and warranty. Use 3 amp fuses for 115 V and 1.6 amp for230 V only. Do not plug the unit into 230 V if the heater switch and fuse holderread 115 V. This will cause the fuses to blow and may damage the instrument.

8.2 Bath FluidMany fluids work with the 6102 bath. Choosing a fluid requires consideration of manyimportant characteristics of the fluid. Among these are temperature range, viscosity,specific heat, thermal conductivity, thermal expansion, electrical resistivity, fluidlifetime, safety, and cost.

Caution:DO NOTexceed the boiling or flash point of the fluid.

Temperature Range8.2.1

One of the most important characteristics to consider is the temperature range of thefluid. Few fluids work well throughout the complete temperature range of the bath.The temperature at which the bath is operated must always be within the safe anduseful temperature range of the fluid. The lower temperature range of the fluid isdetermined by the freeze point of the fluid or the temperature at which the viscosity

becomes too great. The upper temperature is usually limited by vaporization,flammability, or chemical breakdown of the fluid. Vaporization of the fluid at highertemperatures may affect temperature stability because of cool condensed fluid drippinginto the bath from the lid.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideBath Fluid

22

Viscosity8.2.2

Viscosity is a measure of the thickness of a fluid, how easily it can be poured andmixed. Viscosity affects the temperature stability of the bath. With low viscosity,fluid mixing is better which creates a more uniform temperature throughout the bath.This improves the bath response time which allows it to maintain a more constant

temperature. For good control the viscosity should be less than ten centistokes. Twentycentistokes is about the upper limit of allowable viscosity. Viscosities greater than thiscause very poor control stability and may also overheat or damage the stirring motor.Oil viscosity may vary greatly with temperature.

When using fluids with higher viscosities the controller proportional band may need tobe increased to compensate for the reduced response time. Otherwise the temperaturemay begin to oscillate.

Specic Heat8.2.3

Specific heat is the measure of the heat storage ability of the fluid. Specific heat, to a

small degree, affects the control stability. It also affects the heating and cooling rates.Generally, a lower specific heat means quicker heating and cooling. The proportional

band may require some adjustment depending on the specific heat of the fluid.

Thermal Conductivity8.2.4

Thermal conductivity measures how easily heat flows through the fluid. Thermalconductivity of the fluid affects the control stability, temperature uniformity, and probetemperature settling time. Fluids with higher conductivity distribute heat more quicklyand evenly improving bath performance.

Thermal Expansion8.2.5

Thermal expansion describes how the volume of the fluid changes with temperature.Thermal expansion of the fluid used must be considered since the increase in fluidvolume as the bath temperature changes may cause overflow. Excessive thermalexpansion may also be undesirable in applications where constant liquid level isimportant. Many fluids including oils have significant thermal expansion.

Electrical Resistivity8.2.6

Electrical resistivity describes how well the fluid insulates against the flow of electriccurrent. In some applications, such as measuring the resistance of bare temperature

sensors, it may be important that little or no electrical leakage occur through the fluid.In such conditions choose a fluid with very high resistivity.


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23

General OperationBath Fluid

Fluid Lifetime8.2.7

Many fluids degrade over time because of evaporation, water absorption, gelling,or chemical breakdown. Often the degradation becomes significant near the uppertemperature limit of the fluid, substantially reducing the fluids lifetime.

8.2.8 Safety

When choosing a fluid always consider the safety issues associated. Obviouslywhere there are conditions of extreme hot or cold there can be danger to people andequipment. Fluids may also be hazardous for other reasons. Some fluids may beconsidered toxic. Contact with eyes, skin, or inhalation of vapors may cause injury. A

proper fume hood must be used if hazardous or bothersome vapors are produced.

Warning:Fluids at high temperatures may pose danger from BURNS, FIRE,and TOXIC FUMES. Use appropriate caution and safety equipment.

Fluids may be flammable and require special fire safety equipment and procedures.An important characteristic of the fluid to consider is the flash point. The flash pointis the temperature at which there is sufficient vapor given off so that when there issufficient oxygen present and a ignition source is applied the vapor will ignite. Thisdoes not necessarily mean that fire will be sustained at the flash point. The flash pointmay be either of the open cup or closed cup type. Either condition may occur in a bathsituation. The closed cup temperature is always the lower of the two. The closed cuprepresents the contained vapors inside the tank and the open cup represents the vaporsescaping the tank. Oxygen and an ignition source will be less available inside the tank.

Environmentally hazardous fluids require special disposal according to applicablefederal or local laws after use.

Cost8.2.9

Cost of bath fluids may vary greatly, from cents per gallon for water to hundreds ofdollars per gallon for synthetic oils. Cost may be an important consideration whenchoosing a fluid.

Commonly Used Fluids8.2.10

Below is a description of some of the more commonly used fluids and theircharacteristics.


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24

Water (Distilled)8.2.10.1

Water is often used because of its very low cost, availability, and excellent temperaturecontrol characteristics. Water has very low viscosity and good thermal conductivityand heat capacity which makes it among the best fluids for control stability at lowtemperatures. Temperature stability is much poorer at higher temperatures because

water condenses on the lid, cools and drips into the bath. Water is safe and relativelyinert. The electrical conductivity of water may prevent its use in some applications.Water has a limited temperature range, from a few degrees above 0C to a few degrees

below 100C. At higher temperatures evaporation becomes significant. Water used inthe bath should be distilledor softenedto prevent mineral deposits. Consider using analgaecide chemical in the water to prevent contamination.

Mineral Oil8.2.10.2

Mineral oil or paraffin oil is often used at moderate temperatures above the rangeof water. Mineral oil is relatively inexpensive. At lower temperatures mineral oilis quite viscous and control may be poor. At higher temperatures vapor emission

becomes significant. The vapors may be dangerous and use of a fume hood is highlyrecommended. As with most oils mineral oil will expand as temperature increasesso be careful not to fill the bath too full that it overflows when heated. The viscosityand thermal characteristics of mineral oil is poorer than water so temperature stabilitywill not be as good. Mineral oil has very low electrical conductivity. Use cautionwith mineral oil since it is flammable and may also cause serious injury if inhaled oringested.

Silicone Oil (Dow Corning 200.10, 200.20)8.2.10.3

Silicone oils are available which offer a much wider operating temperature range than

mineral oil. Like most oils, silicone oils have temperature control characteristics whichare somewhat poorer than water. The viscosity changes significantly with temperatureand thermal expansion also occurs. These oils have very high electrical resistivity.Silicone oils are fairly safe and non-toxic. Silicone oils are fairly expensive.

Fluid Characteristics Charts8.2.11

Table 3 on page 25 and Figure 6 on page 26 have been created to provide help inselecting a heat exchange fluid media for your constant temperature bath. These charts

provide both a visual and numerical representation of most of the physical qualitiesimportant in making a selection. The list is not all inclusive. There may be other usefulfluids not shown in this listing.

The charts include information on a variety of fluids which are often used as heattransferfluid in baths. Because of the temperature range some fluids may not be usefulwith your bath.


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25

General OperationBath Fluid

Limitations and Disclaimer8.2.11.1

The information given in this manual regarding fluids is intended only to be used asa general guide in choosing a fluid. Though every effort has been made to providecorrect information we cannot guarantee accuracy of data or assure suitability of afluid for a particular application. Specifications may change and sources sometimes

offer differing information. Hart Scientific cannot be liable for any personal injury ordamage to equipment, product or facilities resulting from the use of these fluids. Theuser of the bath is responsible for collecting correct information, exercising proper

judgment, and insuring safe operation. Operating near the limits of certain propertiessuch as the flash point or viscosity can compromise safety or performance. Yourcompanys safety policies regardingflash points, toxicity, and such issues must beconsidered. You are responsible for reading the MSDS (material safety data sheets)and acting accordingly.

Table 3 Table of Various Bath Fluids

Fluid

(# = HartPart No.)

Lower

TemperatureLimit *

Upper

TemperatureLimit *

FlashPoint

Viscosity(centistokes)

SpecicGravity

Specic

Heat(cal/g/C)

Thermal

Conductivity(cal/s/cm/C)

Thermal

Expansion(cm/cm/C)

Resistivity(1012-cm )

Halocarbon0.8#5019

-100C (v) ** 70C (e) NONE 5.7 @ -50C

0.8 @ 40C

0.5 @ 70C

1.71 @ 40C 0.2 0.0004 0.0011

Methanol -96C (fr) 10C (, cc) 12C 1.3 @ -35C

0.66 @ 0C

0.45 @ 20C

0.810 @ 0C

0.792 @ 20C

0.6 0.0005 @ 20C 0.0014 @ 25C

Water 0C (fr) 95C (b) NONE 1 @ 25C

0.4 @ 75C

1.00 1.00 0.0014 0.0002 @ 25C

EthyleneGlycol-50%#5020

-30C (fr) 90C (b) NONE 7 @ 0C

2 @ 50C

0.7 @ 100C

1.05 0.8 @ 0C 0.001

Mineral OilNo. 7 #5011

10C (v) 166C () 168C 15 @ 75C

5 @ 125C

0.87 @ 25C

0.84 @ 75C

0.81 @ 125C

0.48 @ 25C

0.53 @ 75C

0.57 @ 125C

0.00025 @ 25C 0.0007 @ 50C 5 @ 25C

Silicone OilType 200.05#5010

-40C (v) ** 130C (, cc) 133C 5 @ 25C 0.92 @ 25C 0.4 0.00028 @ 25C 0.00105 1000 @ 25C

10 @ 150C


-30C (v) ** 209C (, cc) 211C 10 @ 25C

3 @ 135C

0.934 @ 25C 0.43 @ 40C

0.45 @ 100C

0.482 @ 200C

0.00032 @ 25C 0.00108 1000 @ 25C

50 @ 150C


10C (v) 230C (, cc) 232C 20 @ 25C 0.949 @ 25C 0.370 @ 40C

0.393 @ 100C

0.420 @ 200C

0.00034 @ 25C 0.00107 1000 @ 25C

50 @ 150C


30C (v) 278C (, cc) 280C 50 @ 25C 0.96 @ 25C 0.4 0.00037 @ 25C 0.00104 1000 @ 25C

50 @ 150C

Silicone OilType 550#5016

70C (v) 230C (, cc)

300C (, oc)

232C 50 @ 70C

10 @ 104C

1.07 @ 25C 0.358 @ 40C

0.386 @ 100C

0.433 @ 200C

0.00035 @ 25C 0.00075 100 @ 25C

1 @ 150C

Silicone Oil

Type 710#5017

80C (v) 300C (, oc) 302C 50 @ 80C

7 @ 204C

1.11 @ 25C 0.363 @ 40C

0.454 @ 100C

0.505 @ 200C

0.00035 @ 25C 0.00077 100 @ 25C

1 @ 150C

Silicone OilType 210-H

66C (v) 313C (, oc) 315C 50 @ 66C

14 @ 204C

0.96 @ 25C 0.34 @ 100C 0.0003 0.00095 100 @ 25C

1 @ 150C

Heat TransferSalt #5001

180C (fr) 550C NONE 34 @ 150C

6.5 @ 300C

2.4 @ 500C

2.0 @ 150C

1.9 @ 300C

1.7 @ 500C

0.33 0.0014 0.00041 1.7 /cm3

*Limiting Factors b boiling point e high evaporation ash point fr freeze point v viscosity Flash point test oc = open cup cc = closed cup

**Very low water solubility, ice will form as a slush from condensation below freezing.


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Figure 6 Chart of Various Bath Fluids

About the Graph8.2.11.2The fluid graph visually illustrates some of the important qualities of the fluids shown.

Temperature Range:The temperature scale is shown in degrees Celsius. The fluidsgeneral range of application is indicated by the shaded bands. Qualities including pour

point, freeze point, important viscosity points, flash point, boiling point and othersmay be shown.


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27

General OperationStirring

Freezing Point:The freezing point of a fluid is an obvious limitation to stirring. Asthe freezing point is approached high viscosity may also limit performance.

Pour Point:This represents a handling limit for the fluid.

Viscosity:Points shown are at 50 and 10 centistokes viscosity. When viscosity is

greater than 50 centistokes stirring is very poor and thefl

uid is unsatisfactory for bathapplications. Optimum stirring generally occurs at 10 centistokes and below.

Fume Point:A fume hood should be used. This point is very subjective in nature andis impacted by individual tolerance to different fumes and smells, how well the bath iscovered, the surface area of the fluid in the bath, the size and ventilation of the facilitywhere the bath is located and other conditions. We assume the bath is well covered atthis point. This is also subject to company policy.

Flash Point:The point at which ignition may occur. The point shown may be eitherthe open or closed cup flash point. Refer to the flash point discussion in Section 8.2.8.

Boiling Point:At or near the boiling point of the fluid, the temperature stability is

difficult to maintain. Fuming or evaporation is excessive. Large amounts of heaterpower may be required because of the heat of vaporization.

Decomposition:The temperature may reach a point at which decomposition of thefluid begins. Further increasing the temperature may accelerate decomposition to the

point of danger or impracticality.

Stirring8.3Stirring of the bath fluid is very important for stable temperature control. Prior totaking measurements, always make sure that the bath is stirring the fluid. The fluidmust be mixed well for good temperature uniformity and fast controller response. The

stirrer is adjusted for optimum performance. Table 4 on page 28 shows nominal stirrermotor settings for several fluids.

Note:If the bath is used with the probe basket removed, stir motor settings needto be changed so that a small vortex can be seen in the liquid. If any water ismixed with oil when exceeeding temperatures of 90C the bath will boil over.

Warning:Do not mix water and oil when exceeding temperatures of 90C


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Table 4 Nominal Stirrer Motor Settings With Different Liquids

Liquid Boiling/Flash Point Stir Motor Setting Temperature

Distilled Water/Ethylene Glycol

100C 15 25C to 80C

(77F to 176F)

200.10 Oil 165C 25 80C to 140C

(176F to 284F)

200.20 Oil 133C 20 130C to 200C

(266F to 392F)

Power8.4Power to the bath is provided by an AC mains supply and passes through a filter to

prevent switching spikes from being transmitted to other equipment. Refer to Section3.1, Specifications, for power details.

To turn on the bath, switch the control panel power switch to the ON position. The stirmotor will turn on, the LED display will begin to show the bath temperature, and the

heater will turn on or off until the bath temperature reaches the programmed set-point.When powered on the control panel display will briefly show a four digit number. Thisnumber indicates the number of times power has been applied to the bath. Also brieflydisplayed is data which indicates the controller hardware configuration. This data isused in some circumstances for diagnostic purposes.

Heater8.5The power to the bath is precisely controlled by the temperature controller to maintaina constant bath temperature. Power is controlled by periodically switching the heateron for a certain amount of time using a solid-state relay.

Fluid Drain8.6The fluid may be drained from the 6102 by tightly screwing the transport/pour lid ontothe top of the bath and pouring the liquid into an appropriate container.

Temperature Controller8.7The bath temperature is controlled by Hart Scientifics unique hybrid digital/analogtemperature controller. The controller offers the tight control stability of an analogtemperature controller as well as the flexibility and programmability of a digital

controller.

The bath temperature is monitored with a platinum resistance sensor in the controlprobe. The signal is electronically compared with the programmable reference signal,amplified, and then fed to a pulse-width modulator circuit which controls the amountof power applied to the bath heater.


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General OperationTemperature Controller

The bath is operable within the temperature range given in the specifications. Forprotection against solid-state relay failure or other circuit failure, a bi-metallic cutoutautomatically turns off the heater anytime the bath temperature exceeds the maximumtemperature.

The controller allows the operator to set the bath temperature with high resolution,

adjust the proportional band, monitor the heater output power, and program thecontroller configuration and calibration parameters. The controller may be operatedin temperature units of degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. The controller is operated and

programmed from the front control panel using the four key switches and digital LEDdisplay. The controller is equipped with a serial RS-232 digital interface for remoteoperation. Operation of the controller using the front control panel is discussed inSection 9. Operation using the digital interfaces is discussed in Section 10.

When the controller is set to a new set-point the bath heats or cools to the newtemperature. Once the new temperature is reached the bath usually takes 15 20minutes for the temperature to settle and stabilize. There may be a small overshoot orundershoot.


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31

Controller OperationWell Temperature

9 Controller Operation

This chapter discusses in detail how to operate the bath temperature controller usingthe front control panel. Using the front panel key-switches and LED display the usermay monitor the well temperature, set the temperature set-point in degrees C or F,monitor the heater output power, adjust the controller proportional band, and programthe calibration parameters, operating parameters, and serial interface configuration.Operation of the functions and parameters are shown in the flowchart in Figure 7 on

page 32. This chart may be copied for reference.

In the following discussion a button with the word SET, UP, DOWN or EXITinside indicates the panel button while the dotted box indicates the display reading.Explanation of the button or display reading are to the right of each button or displayvalue.

Well Temperature9.1

The digital LED display on the front panel allows direct viewing of the actual welltemperature. This temperature value is what is normally shown on the display. Theunits, C or F, of the temperature value are displayed at the right. For example,

100.00C Well temperature in degrees Celsius

The temperature display function may be accessed from any other function by pressingthe EXIT button.

9.2 Temperature Set-point

The temperature set-point can be set to any value within the range and resolution asgiven in the specifications. Be careful not to exceed the safe upper temperature limit ofany device inserted into the well.

Setting the temperature involves selecting the set-point memory and adjusting the set-point value.

Programmable Set-points9.2.1

The controller stores 8 set-point temperatures in memory. The set-points can bequickly recalled to conveniently set the calibrator to a previously programmedtemperature set-point.

To set the temperature one must first select the set-point memory. This function isaccessed from the temperature display function by pressing SET. The number of theset-point memory currently being used is shown at the left on the display followed bythe current set-point value.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideTemperature Set-point

32

Figure 7

UP UP

DOWN DOWN

SET

OperatingParameters

Menu

SET

SET

CalMenu

ALPHA

DELTA

Adj. R0

DO

NOTCHANGETHESE

VALUES.SEEMANUAL

DO

NOTCHANGETHESEVALUES.SEEMANU

AL

Adj. ALPHA

SerialInterface

Menu

BAUDRate

AdjustBAUD Rate

SamplePeriod

HighLimit

Adj. SamplePeriod

Adj. HighLimit

DuplexMode

Cut-outReset

Adj. DuplexMode

Adj. Cut-outReset

Linefeed

C0

0

AdjustLinefeed

AdjustC0

Adjust0 ohm

CG

200

AdjustCG

Adjust200 ohm

EXITEXIT

EXIT

EXIT

EXIT

UP

DOWN

DOWN

SET

SET

SET

UP

+

+

+

Display Power

Toggles C / F

SET

SET

Select Setpoint

Adjust Setpoint

Units C/F

Scan On/Off

Scan Rate

DisplayTemperature

Configuration Menu

Secondary Functions

X5

StirSpeed

Adj.StirSpeed

Toggles Display of Rs

Switch Hold Display Mode

EXIT

Set Proportional Band

Cut-out R0

Adj. DELTA

rCAL

Menu Legend:

Press SET to step through themenu and to store the parametervalue.

Press EXIT briefly to skip aparameter without storing theparameter value.

Hold EXIT to exit the menu anddisplay the temperature

Controller Operation Flowchart


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33

Controller OperationTemperature Set-point

100.00C Well temperature in degrees Celsius

Access set-point memory

1. 25 Set-point memory 1, 25C currently used

To change the set-point memory press UP or DOWN.

4. 125. New set-point memory 4, 125C

Press SET to accept the new selection and access the set-point value.

Accept selected set-point memory

Set-point Value9.2.2

The set-point value may be adjusted after selecting the set-point memory and pressingSET.

4 125. Set-point 4 value in C

If the set-point value is correct, hold EXIT to resume displaying the welltemperature. Press UP or DOWN to adjust the set-point value.

125.00 New set-point value

When the desired set-point value is reached press SET to accept the new value andaccess the temperature scale units selection. If EXIT is pressed instead of SET,any changes made to the set-point are ignored.

Accept new set-point value

Temperature Scale Units9.2.3

The temperature scale units of the controller can be set by the user to degrees Celsius(C) or Fahrenheit (F). The selected units are used in displaying the well temperature,set-point, and proportional band.

Press SET after adjusting the set-point value to change display units.

Un= C Scale units currently selected

Press UP or DOWN to change the units.


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6102 Micro-Bath Users GuideScan

34

Un= F New units selected

Scan9.3

The scan rate can be set and enabled so that when the set-point is changed the bathheats or cools at a specified rate (degrees per minute) until it reaches the new set-point.With the scan disabled the bath heats or cools at the maximum possible rate.

9.3.1 Scan Control

The scan is controlled with the scan on/off function that appears in the main menuafter the set-point function.

Sc=OFF Scan function off

Press UP or DOWN to toggle the scan on or off.

Sc=On Scan function on

Press SET to accept the present setting and continue.

Accept scan setting

9.3.2 Scan Rate

The next function in the main menu is the scan rate. The scan rate can be set from.1 to 99.9C/min. The maximum scan rate however is actually limited by the naturalheating or cooling rate of the instrument. This is often less than 100C/min, especiallywhen cooling.

The scan rate function appears in the main menu after the scan control function. Thescan rate units are in degrees C per minute.

Sr= 10.0 Scan rate inC/min

Press UP or DOWN to change the scan rate.

Sr= 2.0 New scan rate

Press SET to accept the new scan rate and continue.

Accept scan rate


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Controller OperationTemperature Display Hold

Temperature Display Hold9.4The 6102 has a display hold function which allows action of an external switch tofreeze the displayed temperature and stop the set-point from scanning. This is usefulfor testing thermal switches and cutouts. This section explains the functions availablefor operating the temperature hold feature. An example follows showing how to set up

and use the hold feature to test a switch.

Hold Temperature Display9.4.1

The hold feature is enabled by simply pressing the UP button when the temperatureis displayed. The hold temperature display shows the hold temperature on the rightand the switch status on the left. For the status c means the switch is closed and omeans the switch is open. The status flashes when the switch is in its active position(opposite the normal position). The hold temperature shows what the temperature ofthe well was when the switch changed from its normal position to its active position.While the switch is in the normal position the hold temperature will follow the well

temperature.If the Scan Control is OFF and the Hold Temperature Display is being used, thetemperature at which the switch is activated does notaffect the set-point temperature.However, if the Scan Control is ON and the Hold Temperature Display is beingused, the temperature at which the switch is activated is storedas the new set-pointtemperature.

Operation of the hold temperature display is outlined below.

143.50C Well temperature display

Access hold display

c 144.8 Switch status and hold temperature

To return to the normal well temperature display press DOWN.

Mode Setting9.4.2

The Hold Function is always in the automatic mode. In this mode the normal positionis set to whatever the switch position is when the set-point is changed. For example,

if the switch is currently open when the set-point is changed, the closed positionthen becomes the new active position. The normal position will be set automaticallyunder any of the following conditions, (1) a new set-point number is selected, (2)the set-point value is changed, (3) a new set-point is set through the communicationschannels.


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Switch Wiring9.4.3

The thermal switch or cutout is wired to the calibrator at the two terminals on the backof the Micro-Bath labeled DISPLAY HOLD. The switch wires may be connectedto the terminals either way. Internally the black terminal connects to ground. Thered terminal connects to +5V through a 100 kresistor. The calibrator measures the

voltage at the red terminal and interprets +5V as open and 0V as closed.

Switch Test Example9.4.4

This section describes a possible application for the temperature hold feature and howthe instrument is set up and operated.

Suppose you have a thermal switch which is supposed to open at about 75C and closeat about 50C and you want to test the switch to see how accurate and repeatable itis. You can use the temperature hold feature and the scan function to test the switch.Measurements can be made by observing the display or, preferably, by collecting datausing a computer connected to the RS-232 port. To set up the test do the following

steps.

Connect the switch wires to the terminals on the back of the Micro-Bath and1.place the switch in the well.

Enable set-point scanning by setting the scan to ON in the primary menu (2. seeSection 9.3.1).

Set the scan rate to a low value, say 1.0C/min. (3. see Section 9.3.2). If thescan rate is too high you may lose accuracy because of transient temperaturegradients. If the scan rate is too low the duration of the test may be longer thanis necessary. You may need to experiment to find the best scan rate.

Set the first program set-point to a value above the expected upper switch4.

temperature, say 90C.Set the second program set-point to a value below the expected lower switch5.temperature, say 40C, in the program menu.

Collect data on a computer connected to the RS-232 port. Refer to6. Section9.11, Serial Interface Parameters, for instructions on configuring the RS-232communications interface.

Secondary Menu9.5Functions which are used less often are accessed within the secondary menu. Thesecondary menu is accessed by pressing SET and EXIT simultaneously and then

releasing. The first function in the secondary menu is the heater power display. (SeeFigure 7 on page 32.)


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Controller OperationHeater Power

Heater Power9.6The temperature controller controls the temperature of the well by pulsing the heateron and off. The total power being applied to the heater is determined by the dutycycle or the ratio of heater on time to the pulse cycle time. By knowing the amount ofheating the user can tell if the calibrator is heating up to the set-point, cooling down, or

controlling at a constant temperature. Monitoring the percent heater power will let theuser know how stable the well temperature is. With good control stability the percentheating power should not fluctuate more than 5% within one minute.

The heater power display is accessed in the secondary menu. Press SET and EXITsimultaneously and release. The heater power will be displayed as a percentage of full

power.

100.00C Well temperature

+Access heater power in secondary menu

SEC Flashes

12.0 P Heater power in percent

To exit out of the secondary menu hold EXIT. To continue on to the proportionalband setting function press EXIT momentarily or SET.

Proportional Band9.7In a proportional controller such as this the heater output power is proportional to thewell temperature over a limited range of temperatures around the set-point. This rangeof temperature is called the proportional band. At the bottom of the proportional bandthe heater output is 100%. At the top of the proportional band the heater output is 0.Thus as the temperature rises the heater power is reduced, which consequently tends tolower the temperature back down. In this way the temperature is maintained at a fairlyconstant temperature.

The temperature stability of the well and response time depend on the width ofthe proportional band. If the band is too wide the well temperature will deviateexcessively from the set-point due to varying external conditions. This is because the

power output changes very little with temperature and the controller cannot respondvery well to changing conditions or noise in the system. If the proportional band is toonarrow the temperature may swing back and forth because the controller overreacts totemperature variations. For best control stability the proportional band must be set forthe optimum width.


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The proportional band width is set at the factory to about 5.0C. The proportional bandwidth may be altered by the user if he desires to optimize the control characteristicsfor a particular application.

The proportional band width is easily adjusted from the front panel. The width maybe set to discrete values in degrees C or F depending on the selected units. The

proportional band adjustment is be accessed within the secondary menu. Press SETand EXIT to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power. Then pressSET to access the proportional band.

+Access heater power in secondary menu

12.0 P Heater power in percent

Access proportional band

ProP Flashes ProP and the setting

5.0 Proportional band setting

To change the proportional band press UP or DOWN.

4.0 New proportional band setting

To store the new setting press SET. Press EXIT to continue without storing the

new value.

Accept the new proportional band setting

Cutout9.8As a protection against a hardware fault or user error, the calibrator is equipped withan adjustable cutout device that shuts off power to the heater if the tank temperatureexceeds a set value. This protects the instrument and probes from excessivetemperatures. The cutout temperature is programmable by the operator from the front

panel of the controller.

The cutout for the 6102 Bath is defaulted to 225C.

If the cutout is activated because of excessive temperatures, the heater shuts off andthe instrument cools. The tank cools until it reaches a few degrees below the cutoutset-point temperature. At this point, the action of the cutout is determined by thesetting of the cutout mode parameter. The cutout has two modes automatic resetor manual reset. If the mode is set to automatic, the cutout automatically resets itselfwhen the temperature falls below the reset temperature allowing the tank to heat up


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Controller OperationController Conguration

again. If the mode is set to manual, the heater remains disabled until the user manuallyresets the cutout.

The cutout set-point may be accessed within the secondary menu. Press SET andEXIT simultaneously to enter the secondary menu. The heater power is displayed.Press SET twice to access the cutout set-points.

cutout Flashes cutout and then the setting

225 Cutout setting

To change the cutout setting press UP or DOWN.

100 New cutout setting

To store the new setting, press SET. Press EXIT to continue without storing the

new value.

Controller Conguration9.9The controller has a number of configuration and operating options and calibration

parameters which are programmable via the front panel. These are accessed from thesecondary menu after the proportional band function by pressing SET. PressingSET again enters the first of three sets of configuration parameters: operating

parameters, serial interface parameters, and calibration parameters. The menus areselected using the UP and DOWN keys and then pressing SET. (See Figure 7on page 32.)

Operating Parameters9.10The operating parameters menu is indicated by,

PAr Operating parameters menu

The operating parameters menu contains the Stir Speed, High Limit, and Cutout ResetMode parameters.

Stir Speed9.10.1

The Stir Speed parameter adjusts stirrer motor speed. The factory default is 15.

Str SP Flashes Str Sp and then displays the setting

0 Current Stir Speed setting

To change the stir speed press UP or DOWN.


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16 New Stir Speed setting

Press SET to accept the new Stir Speed.

The stir motor speed needs to be varied for best stability. Table 4 on page 28 shows

nominal settings for severalfl

uids.

High Limit9.10.2

The High Limit Parameter adjusts the upper set-point temperature. The factory defaultand maximum temperature are set to 200C. For safety, a user can adjust the HighLimit down so the maximum temperature set-point is restricted.

HL High Limit parameter

Press SET to enable adjustment of the High Limit parameter.

HL Flashes HL and then displays the setting

H=126 Current HL setting

Adjust the HL parameter using the UP or DOWN keys.

H=90 New HL setting

To store the new setting, press SET. Press EXIT to continue without storing thenew value.

Cutout Reset Mode9.10.3

The Cutout Reset Mode determines whether the cutout resets automatically when thetank temperature drops to a safe value or must be manually reset by the operator.

CtorSt Cutout Reset Mode parameter

Press SET to enable adjustment of the Cutout Reset Mode parameter. Normally, thecutout is set for manual mode.

CtorSt Flashes CtorSt and then displays the setting

rst Cutout set for manual reset

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