Flipped Classroom Model · 2016-01-14 · is there is no system can provide a simple way to...
Transcript of Flipped Classroom Model · 2016-01-14 · is there is no system can provide a simple way to...
Flipped Classroom Model 104034537 Ken
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering
Management,
National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
Words: 2745
Flipped Classroom Model
104034537 Ken
Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering
Management,
National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan
Abstract. Education is a big issue for a society. However, the
traditional lecture has some shortcomings. Therefore, somebody
propose an idea, called “Flipped Classroom”, they believe it can
make up for traditional lecture’s deficiency.
Nevertheless, this idea, flipped classroom, still is not
prevailing in college. One of the reasons is there is no system can
provide a simple way to implement flipped classroom. This paper
provides a simple model which is based on choosing course
system. Moreover, the choosing course system will combine with
online course system so that student can register the online course
easily. Then, teacher can implement flipped classroom with this
model simply. In addition, the model also corporate with book
seller’s system, such as Amazon, so students can buy books
conveniently.
In this paper, INCOME model will be used to describe the
process flow clearly. SQL and ASP.NET are use to build the
model which is mentioned above, and making the system more
realistic and user-friendly.
Keywords. Flipped classroom; model; education
Introduction
1.1 Problem definition
In a traditional lecture, students often try to capture what is being said at the instant the speaker
says it. They cannot stop to reflect upon what is being said, and they may miss significant points
because they are trying to transcribe the instructor’s words. Therefore, somebody proposes an idea,
which is called flipped classroom, is able to solve these problems. Then, more and more teachers
adopt flipped classroom to teach in elementary school and junior high school. However, in college,
flipped classroom is not prevailing. Most of teacher are still using traditional way. One of the reasons
is there is no system can provide a simple way to implement flipped classroom. Thus, a system to
apply flipped classroom is needed.
1.2 Brief introduction of flipped classroom
(Ref: EDUCAUSE (2012)7 things you should know about flipped classroom)
1) What is flipped classroom?
The flipped classroom is a pedagogical model in which the typical lecture and homework
elements of a course are reversed. Short video lectures are viewed by students at home before the
class session, while in-class time is devoted to exercises, projects, or discussions. The schematic
diagram of flipped classroom is showed in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Flipped classroom
By using of video and other prerecorded media, students can watch, rewind, and fast-forward as
needed. This ability may be of particular value to students with accessibility concerns, especially
where captions are provided for those with hearing impairments. Lectures that can be viewed more
than once may also help those for whom English is not their first language. Devoting class time to
application of concepts might give instructors a better opportunity to detect errors in thinking,
particularly those that are widespread in a class. At the same time, collaborative projects can
encourage social interaction among students, making it easier for them to learn from one another and
for those of varying skill levels to support their peers.
2)The downsides of flipped classroom
The flipped classroom is an easy model to get wrong. Although the idea is straightforward, an
effective flip requires careful preparation. Recording lectures requires effort and time on the part of
faculty, and out-of-class and in-class elements must be carefully integrated for students to understand
the model and be motivated to prepare for class. As a result, introducing a flip can mean additional
work and may require new skills for the instructor, although this learning curve could be mitigated
by entering the model slowly.
Students, for their part, have been known to complain about the loss of face-to-face lectures,
particularly if they feel the assigned video lectures are available to anyone online. Students with this
perspective may not immediately appreciate the value of the hands-on portion of the model,
wondering what their tuition brings them that they could not have gotten by surfing the web. Those
who see themselves as attending class to hear lectures may feel it is safe to skip a class that focuses
on activities and might miss the real value of the flip. Finally, even where students embrace the
model, their equipment and access might not always support rapid delivery of video.
1.3 Methodology
This paper provides a simple model to apply flipped classroom in college. The model is based
on choose course system which will combine with online course system so that student can register
the online course easily. Then, teacher can ask students to view short video lecture at home, and do
more project, discussion or projects in class time. Flipped classroom can be simply implement.
What’s more, the model also includes the book seller’s system to convenient student to buy books.
INCOME will be applied to build the flow of above-mentioned process which is from student’s
viewpoint. ASP.NET and SQL were applied to build the model to meet the requirements of
INCOME model and make the environment more realistic and user-friendly.
2.Model display
The section presents the display of behavior model, database, and information flow diagram
respectively. The behavior model is drawn by Microsoft PowerPoint to imitate the behavior model in
INCOME. The database is constructed by SQL. The information flow diagram is illustrated and
display by Microsoft PowerPoint.
2.1 Behavior Model
The behavior model is showed in Figure 2,3,4 and 5. Figure 2 starts with students who have to
choose next semester course.
Figure 2. behavior model
When students want to use the choose course system, they need to log in their account. If they
are first time to use the choose course system, they will need to sign up an account and file in their
basic information. The drill down process of Sign up & Log in is showed in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Drill down process of Sign up & Log in
Students log into the the choose course system, they can see the class information for next
semester. As soon as students choose a course, they can see the related online course information and
related book information. Then, students can register the online course and buy the book in the
choose course system. The drill down process for registering online course and buying books are
showed in Figure 4 And 5.
Figure 4. Drill down process of registering online course
Figure 5. Drill down process of buying books
After finishing the buying book process, the choose course system will send the electronic data to
book seller’s system. In addition, student’s can print out the invoice so that they can check the order
with the book seller; same as buying the book, when student finished the registering course process,
the choose course system will send the electronic data to online course system. Then, the online
system will send an email to let students know they have enrolled the online course successfully.
2.2 Database
The database is constructed by Microsoft SQL software. Figure 6 is the ER model of this model
which is combined by 8 tables: student, course, schedule, online course, online course schedule,
book and order table. Table 1 is a brief introduction for each table.
Table Description
Student students basic information ex. Phone number, address…
Course the courses in the college
Schedule the courses which student chooses
Online course the courses in online course system
Online course schedule the online course which student chooses
Book the books’ information which is related to courses
Order the student’s book order
2.3 Information flow
Figure 6 shows the information flow in the model. First and foremost, students will provide
their basic information to the system. The online course system will give the online course
information to the choose course system. The book seller will supply their book information to the
choose course system. Then, the choose course system will provide the data of students’ registration
to the online course system; the choose course system will give the order information to book seller.
At last, the online course system will send the successful enrollment information to students. On the
other side, the choose course system will give the receipt information to student so that they can
check the order with book seller.
Here, this paper will like to take NTU choose course system for example, since they have some
online courses on Coursera, which is one of online course websites. In addition, Amazon will be
token as the book seller for example.
Figure 6. Information flow
3. Website Interface
The website interface is build by ASP.NET and SQL to meet the requirement in INCOME
model, which the paper mentioned above. Some functions I do not make it real because of some
technical constrains. Therefore, this section just uses website interface to elaborate and deliver the
idea.
3.1 Log in & Sign up
Figure 7 is the log in interface for the choose course system. First, if students want to get into
the choose course system, they need to file in their account and password. If the students use the
system first time, he or she need to sign up an account.
Figure 7. Log in interface
When student clicks the Sign up button, they will get into the Sign up interface which is showed in
Figure 8.
Figure 8. Sign up interface
Students will need to file in the basic information which includes account, password, name,
phone number, email and address. The check button can check whether the account has been signed
up or not.
Moreover, the basic information which students need the key in will be negotiated by the
choose course system, online course system and book seller so that the account can be used in these
three system. On the other hand, if online course system or book seller needs the student information,
they can easily get the information they want because of the negotiation. For instance, while the
online course system wants to send the successful registration email to students, they can link to the
account which is signed in choose course system to get the Email data; when the book seller needs
the address information to send the books to students, they also can connect to the account of choose
course system to get the address data.
3.2 Choose course
When students get into the choose course system, they can see the class information which is
showed in Figure 9. The class information includes course name, teacher’s name, week as well as
Time. Here, the website can add a choose department and grade function to select the class more
efficient; but the function is not innovative, choose course system in school now has this function.
Therefore, this paper does not spend time to make the choose department and grade function real.
Figure 9. Choose course interface
As soon as student choose a course, they can see not only the courses they chose in the
Schedule but also the related online class information and related book information which is showed
up like Figure 10. The online class information includes the course name, teacher, school, time and
the image; the book information includes the book name, writer, review, the amount of new books,
new book price, the amount of old books, old book price and the image.
Figure 10. Related online course and book information
3.3 Buy books
Students also can buy books in this model. They just need to click the buy button, and it will
record in the SQL database. Then, when students want to check their order, they need to click the
shopping cart button. It will link to the shopping cart interface which is showed in Figure 11.
Figure 11. Shopping cart interface
In the shopping cart interface, students will see the book name and book price, and then they
can enter the amount of books which they want to order. As soon as they click the confirm button,
they will get in to the payment interface which is showed in Figure 12.
Figure 12. Payment interface
In the payment interface, students will not only see their basic information but also need to
choose the way of payment. There are three payment methods: first method, student can use credit
card to pay; second method, student can pay when the books are sent to the convenient store; last
method, student can pay when the books are sent to the post office. When students check their basic
information and choose the payment way, they can click the “Confirm” button. Meanwhile, the order
data will be sent to Amazon’s system. Moreover, the invoice will show up like figure 13, and
students can print out to check the order with the Amazon. The invoice will include student name,
phone number, email, address, order time, item list, item amount, payment way, and total price.
Figure 13. Invoice
3.4 Choose online course
If students want to enroll the online course, they just need to click the register button in Figure
10. The data also will record in SQL database. Meanwhile, the choose course system will send the
electronic data which includes the student registration information to Coursera’s system. Then,
student will receive an email that says they have registered the online course successfully. Figure 13
is an example of the successful registration email.
Figure 13. Successful registration email
4. Future expectation
The model this paper proposed is simple enough to let flipped classroom be applied in college.
However, the functions of the model are not attractive enough to both students and administers sides.
Therefore, this paper provides three points that can do in future to improve the model.
1) Watch online video system
In this system, students can view the lecture video on the course system instead of online
course system. When the students start to view lecture video, there are many data can be
recorded, such as the start time, end time, the frequency the video be watched, frequency of the
students see the lecture videos as well as the sequence of lecture videos be viewed … etc. These
data can help the teacher find the better way to teach the lecture. Moreover, the data can be
analyzed to improve the education area. Moreover, the system has a Q&A interface to let
students ask questions online.
2) Administer system
This paper uses the student’s angle to implement the idea of flipped classroom. However,
teacher’s angle is also important and needed. Hence, the administer system which is from
teacher’s angle should also be built as well. In the administer system, teachers can see the
courses which are chosen by students and the data which is mentioned in the “Watch online
video system” paragraph. Furthermore, the administer system can let teachers answer the
questions which are asked form students in Q&A interface.
3) Flipped classroom App
Nowadays, everyone has a mobile phone, so the flipped course App is promising. If the
flipped course model App is developed, students can watch the lecture video on their mobile
phone or pad. It can help student to exploit the interstice of time in daily life. Moreover, it is
convenient for the students to view the lecture video without computer in front of them. Also, the
flipped classroom APP includes the administer angle so that teachers can see the data and answer
the question by their mobile devices.
5. Conclusion
This paper proposes a model that can simply implement the idea of flipped classroom. In
solving the problem of building a model, INCOME model is used to demonstrate the process;
ASP.NET and SQL are used to build a simple choose course system. Using the combination of the
software demonstrates an idea of flipped classroom model which can let teachers be easier to change
their teaching way from traditional way to flipped classroom. In addition, there are some beneficial
points:
1)Students just need to create one account and they can use the choose course system, online course
system and book seller’s system.
2)Students get the related books information and Online course information for the class they want to
learn in school conveniently.
3) If book sellers (Amazon) want to provide the students discount to attract students to buy books
from them, they do not need to check the account whether is student or not.
4)Online course will get more users and be promoted.
Consequently, the model this paper proposed is conducive to not only teacher and student but also
the online course system and book seller.
Consequently, the model is conducive to not only teachers and students but also online class
system and book seller.