Fire Protection Pipe

8/12/2019 Fire Protection Pipe

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Procedures for planning and installation of standpipe and hose systems for fire

protection of building homes and buildings

1. Scope

This standard covers the minimum requirements for installation and system standpipe

hydrants/hose in the building. This standard does not include requirements for periodic

inspection, testing, and maintenance of standpipe system.

4. The components of the system

4.1 General

Components of the system must be able to receive working pressure not less than themaximum pressure generated in the relevant location in every state of the system,

including the pressure that occurs when a fire pump that is installed permanently is

working with the valve closed.

4.2 Pipe and Tube

When used steel pipe and connecting with welding according to applicable regulations,

the minimum nominal wall thickness for pressures up to 20.7 bars (300 psi) shall be in

accordance schedule 10 for pipe sizes up to 125 mm (5 inches); 3.40 mm (0.134

inches) for pipes of 150 mm (6 inches); and 4.78 mm (0.188 inches) for pipes of 200mm (8 inches) and 250 mm (10 inches).

When connected with a steel pipe threaded fittings, the minimum wall thickness shall be

in accordance with schedule 30 pipe [in sizes 200 mm (8 inches) and larger] or

schedule 40 pipe [for pipe sizes less than 200 mm (8 inches)] and pressures up with

20.7 bar (300 psi).

Copper tube according to applicable regulations, must have a thick type K, L or M when

used in a standpipe system.

Curves of schedule 40 steel pipe and type K and L for copper tube is allowed whenmade with no bending, damage, reducing the diameter, or other deviations from

spherical shape. The minimum bend radii must be 6 x diameter pipe for sizes 50 mm (2

inches) and smaller, and 5 x pipe diameter to the size of 65 mm (2 inches) and larger.


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4.3 Connector

Another type of connector, investigated their suitability for use in the installation of the

standpipe has been registered, can be installed in accordance with applicable

regulations. Connector should be stronger if the pressure exceeds 12.1 bar (175 psi).

Exceptions:

1. Standard fittings of cast iron with a diameter of 50 mm (2 inches) or smaller are

allowed to be used at a pressure of not more than 20.7 bar (300 psi).

2. Standard fittings of cast iron with a diameter of 150 mm (6 inches) or smaller are

allowed to be used at a pressure of not more than 20.7 bar (300 psi).

Union should not be used on pipe larger than 50 mm (2 inches). Clutch is used for pipes

larger than 50 mm (2 inches). Reducer must be used when different pipe sizes.

4.4 Pipe Connection and fitting tools

Ribbon (tape) or similar substances should be used only on male threads. For

connecting pipe fire protection, welding methods must meet applicable regulations.

Exception:

Welding standpipe installed in the building which is under construction, is allowed only

when the construction is non-flammable, contains within it non-flammable, and the

welding process according to applicable regulations.

4.5 Hanger

Strap-hangers and the components must be made of materials that contain iron.

Exception:

The components of materials that do not contain iron which has been proven by fire

assay for use in fire hazard and registered for this purpose, and on par with the other

requirements of this section may be used.

Standpipe piping should be held appropriately on the structure of the building, which will

hold the additional burden of water-filled pipe plus a minimum of 114 kg (250 lbs.),

applied to the hook point. When standpipe piping is installed under the ducting, piping

must be held in a building or on a ducts retaining structure that have been prepared and

able to withstand the load ducted specific load.


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Table 4.5.1.5.(a): The moment of inertia that is required for part of the trapeze. (Inch3)

Jarak gantungan trapis : distance of trapeze hanger

Diameter pipa (inci) : Pipe diameter (inch)

Note the table:

Values above for schedule 10 of pipe, while the value below to schedule 40 of pipe.

This table is based on the maximum allowable bending stress 15 KSI and load

concentration at the midpoint of the distance of hangers from 4.6 m (15 ft.) of water

pipes filled with water plus 113 kg (250 lb.).


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Table 4.5.1.5.(b): Moment of inertia of the common trapeze hanger

Pipa : Pipe ; in : inch ; inci3 : inch3 ; besi siku : brackets ; skedul ; schedule

Size or other forms that have a moment of inertia equal to or greater than angle iron or

pipe may be used. All brackets must be used with a longer vertical side. Part of the


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trapeze hanger must be secured to prevent the launch. If a pipe is hung on a pipe

trapeze hanger with a diameter less than the diameter of the pipe that is on hold, rings,

straps or clevis hangers with the size adjusted to the pipe barrier must be used at both

ends.

Expansion holder registered to hold the pipes in concrete construction can be used inthe horizontal position of the beam. In concrete having gravel or rock fragments

(aggregates), expansion holder may be used in a vertical position, to hold the pipes with

a diameter of 100 mm (4 inches) or less. To hold the pipe with a diameter of 125 mm (5

inches) and larger, expansion holder, if used in a vertical position, must be installed

alternately with hangers that are connected directly to the structure, such as frame

construction or little beams, or sides of concrete beams. If no part of the structure that

can be used, with a pipe diameter of 125 mm (5 inches) and larger can all be hold by

expansion holder in the vertical position, but should be spaced no more than 3 m (10 f).

Expansion holder should not be used in the ceiling of gypsum material or the like, or the

slag concrete.

Exception:

Expansion holder can be used in concrete slag on the branch pipe, alternating equipped

with bolts or hangers attached to the beam.

Framework of concrete on concrete and welding frame

Representative sample of concrete as the frame must be tested to determine the framecan withstand a minimum of 341 kg (750 lb.) for pipe 50 mm (2 inches) or smaller, 454

kg (1000 lb.) for pipe 65 mm (2 inches), 80 mm (3 inches) and 90 mm (3 inches)

and 545 kg (1200 lb.) for pipe 100 mm (4 inches) or 125 mm (5 inches).

Trunks and U hangers

Table 4.5.4.1 Size of Hanger Trunk

Pipe Size(inches)

Trunk Diameterinches mm

Up to and including 4 3/8 9.5

5,6, and 8 12.7

10 and 12 5/8 15.9


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Table 4.5.4.3.1

Pipe Size(inches)

Trunk Diameter

Bending Hook Welding Hook

inches mm inches mm

Up to and including 4 3/8 9.5 3/8 9.55,6, and 8 12.7 12.7

10 and 12 19.1 12.7

Table 4.5.4.5 The dimensions of ceiling the flange screws and U hangers

Pipe Size Flange with 2 Screws

Up to 2 inches Wood screw no. 18 x 1 inch



2 , 3, 3 inches Screw 3/8 inches x 2 inches

4, 5, 6 inches Screw inches x 2 inches

8 inches Screw 5/8 inches x 2 inches



2 , 3, 3 inches Screw 3/8 inches x 1 inches



Pipe Size U Hanger

Up to 2 inches Wood screw no. 16 x 2 inches

2 , 3, 3 inches Screw inches x 3 inches



Table 4.5.4.6 The minimum size of bolts and screws

Pipe Size Size of bolts or screws The length of the screws usedwith wood beams

inches mm inches mm

Up to 2 inches 3/8 9.5 2 64

2 inches until6 inches

12.7 3 76

8 inches 5/8 15.9 3 76


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When the thickness of beams or girder is not possible to use a screw length of 65 mm

(2 inches), with a screw length of 50 mm (2 inches) may be used with distance

between hangers not more than 3 m (10 ft.).

Table 4.5.4.9 Thickness of boards and beams or wide of girder

Pipe Size Size of bolts or screws The length of the screws usedwith wood beams

inches mm inches mm

Up to 2 inches 3/8 9.5 2 64

2 inches until3 inches

12.7 3 76

8 inches 5/8 15.9 3 76

Rod screws should not be used to hold pipes larger than 150 mm (6 inches). All the

holes for the screw rod should all first be drilled in a 3.2 mm (81 inches) smaller than thediameter of the base of the threaded screw.

4.6 Valve

All valves controlling the water supply and the connection to the standpipe must be of

registered pointer valve type. The valve should not be closed in less than 5 seconds

when closed quickly ranging from fully open state.

4.7 hose box

In the closet, hose connections shall be placed so that no less than 25 mm (1 inch)distance between any part of the closet and the valve stem when the valve is in any

position from fully open to fully close.

Each connection hose is provided for use by occupants of the building (system of class

II and class III), must be fitted with a length of no more than 30 m (100 ft.) in accordance

registered to a diameter of 40 mm (1 inches), straight, can be folded or not, fire hose

attached and ready for use.

Each hose box of 40 mm (1 inch) supplied with hose of 40 mm (1 inch) should be

installed with registered racks or other approved storage facility. Each hose box 40 mm

(1 inches) must be attached with a roll of registered continuous flow.

Firefighter connection must be registered to working pressure equal to or greater than

the pressure required by the needs of the system. Each firefighter connection shall have

two inlets at least 65 mm (2 inch) with screw according to applicable regulations.

Exceptions:


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If the local firefighter is using a different connection than specified, connector that is in

accordance with the local firefighter equipment must be used and the minimum size

should be 65 mm (2 inches).

5. System Requirements

5.1 General

The number and arrangement of standpipe equipment for proper protection is ruled by

local conditions, such as; occupancy, character, building construction and building

entrance. Authorized institutions should be asked his advice in connection with the

required type of system, class system and special requirements.

5.2 Standpipe system Type

Automatic dry standpipe system

Automatic dry standpipe system should be dry standpipe system normally filled with

compressed air, regulated through the use of equipment, such as dry pipe valve, to

allow water into the piping system to be automatic at the opening of the hose valve. The

water supply for an automatic dry standpipe system shall be capable of supplying the

needs of the system.

Automatic wet standpipe system

Automatic wet standpipe system must be wet standpipe system that has a water supply

capable of supplying the system needs to be automatic.

Automatic Semi dry standpipe system

Automatic Semi dry standpipe system should be dry standpipe system regulated

through the use of tools, such as a flood valve (deluge), to allow water into the system

piping upon activation of a remote control device is placed on the connection hose.

Remote control activation tool must be fitted on each hose connection. The water

supply for dry standpipe system shall be capable of supplying the needs of the system.

Manual dry standpipe system

Manual dry standpipe system shall be dry standpipe system that does not have a

permanent water supply that integrates with the system. Manual dry standpipe systems

require water from a fire pump (or the like) to be pumped into the system through the

fire department connection to supply the needs of the system.


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Manual wet standpipe system

Manual wet standpipe system shall be a wet standpipe system connected to a water

supply that is small for the purpose of maintaining water within the system but do not

have the ability to supply water to the system requirements.

5.3 Classes of standpipe system

Class I

The system must provide a hose connection size of 63.5 mm (2 inch) to supply water

used by firefighters and they who were trained.

Class II

The system must provide a hose box size 38.1 mm (1 inches) for the supply of water

that is used primarily by the building occupants or by firefighters for initial action.

Class III

The system must provide a hose box size 38.1 mm (1 inches) to supply water used

by building occupants and hose connection size of 63.5 mm (2 inches) to supply

water to the larger volumes to be used by firefighters or those who trained.

Exceptions:

Hose with the minimum size of 25.4 mm (1 inch) are allowed to be used for hose boxes

on the use of lighter fire rate with the approval of the competent authority.

If the entire building is protected with an approved automatic sprinkler system, hose box

used by the occupants of the building is not required. It depends on the approval of the

competent authority.

5.4 Requirements for manual standpipe system

Manual Standpipe system should be used in high-rise buildings. Manual Standpipe

system can only be used for fire. Manual standpipe systems shall not be used for class

II or class III.

5.5 Requirements for dry standpipe system

Dry standpipe should be used only if the piping, especially when the water can freeze.

Dry standpipe system shall not be used for class II or class III.


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5.6 Meter

Spring type pressure gauge with a diameter of 89 mm (3 inches) must be connected

to the beam pipe of the fire pump and public drains the tank to the press, the air pump

that supplies the tank press, and at the top of each standpipe. The meter should be

placed in an appropriate place so that water cannot freeze. Each meter must becontrolled with a valve that has an arrangement for disposal.

6. Installation requirements

Dry standpipe must not be connected to the building wall or column mounted on the wall

amplifier. Standpipe system shall not penetrate through the dangerous areas and

should be placed so that it is protected from mechanical damage and fire.

In buildings installed with an approved automatic sprinkler system, hose connectionlateral piping with diameters up to 63.5 mm (2 inches) and Pipelines that connect the

standpipe hose connections to 38.1 mm (1 inches) are not required to be protected.

Connections to public water systems must be controlled by a pointer valve pole from the

approved type that are placed not less than 12 m (40 ft.) from the protected building. All

valves are clearly marked to indicate maintained during controlled.

Exceptions:

If the valve cannot be stored at less than 12 m (40 ft.) from the building, this valve

should be installed in an approved location, easy to read and accessible, especially

in the event of a fire does not become damaged.

If the pointer valve pole cannot be used, the valve may be used underground.

Valves placed directly, easy to open and easy to care controlled by clearly marked

on the served building.

Firefighter connection shall be installed as follows:

a) Wet standpipe system automatic and manual wet.

On the system side of the control valve system, back holder valve, or any pump,

but on the supply side of any isolating valvesb) Automatic dry standpipe system.

On the system side of the control valve and back holder valve, and the supply side

of the dry pipe valve.

c) The system semi-automatic dry standpipe.

On the system side of the flood valve.

d) Manual dry standpipe system.


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Directly connected to the piping system.

A firefighter connection for each standpipe system should be placed no more than 30 m

(100 ft.) from the nearest yard hydrants are connected to an approved water supply.

Firefighter connection shall be placed not less than 45 cm (18 inches), not more than

120 centimeters (48 inches) above the ground beside, side road or ground surface.

6.4 Pipe Holder

Standpipe should be held by a complementary tool that plugs directly into the standpipe.

Horizontal piping of a standpipe hose connection to a length of more than 450 mm (18

inches) should be provided hanger.

7. Design

7.3 The location of hose connections

Hose Connection and hydrant boxes should not be blocked and must be located not

less than 0.9 m (3 feet) or more than 1.5 m (5 feet) above the floor surface.

Class 1 System

The location of hose connections .

Connection hose and hydrant boxes should not be blocked and must be located not

less than 0.9 m ( 3 feet ) or more than 1.5 m ( 5 feet ) above the floor surface .

System class I.

The system is equipped with Class I hose connections to the size of 65 mm ( 2

inches ) at the following places :

At each landing between the two floors on any required fire stairs.

on each side of the wall adjacent to the horizontal exit openings

In each exit path (passageway) at the entrance of the area of building leading to the

canal (passageway).

The covered mall buildings, at the entrance to each exit path or exit corridors and

entrances to public heading to the mall.

On the floor of the top fire stairs with a stair that can reach the roof, and if the stair

cannot reach the roof, then the additional hose connections of 65 mm (2 inches)

must be provided to the furthest standpipe (calculated hydraulically) to fulfill the

purposes of testing.


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when the farthest and the non-protected by a sprinkler part of the floor or level that

the distance from the required exit exceeds 45.7 m (150 feet) or the farthest floor /

level and protected by a sprinkler that the distance exceeding 61 m (200 feet) of the

required exit, additional hose connections shall be provided at approved places, and

required by the local firefighter.

Class II System

Class II systems shall be equipped with a hose hydrant box with the size of 40 mm (1

inches) in such a way that every part of the floor on the building was 39.7 m (130 feet)

from hose connections that are provided with a 40 mm (1 inches) hose.

Class III Systems

Class III systems shall be equipped with hose connections as required for the system of

class I and class II systems.

7.4 Number of standpipe

In any required fire stairs, it must be equipped with its own standpipe.

7.6 The minimum size of the standpipe.

Size standpipe system for class I and class III should be sized at least 100 mm (4

inches). Standpipe that is part of the combined system must be sized at least 150 mm

(6 inches). For the whole building that is equipped with sprinklers, and has a

combination standpipe system that is calculated hydraulically, the minimum size of its

standpipe is 100 mm (4 inches).

Standpipe system should be one of the following:

a) Hydraulically designed to obtain the flow rate of water at a residual pressure of 6.9

bar (100 psi) at the farthest output of the hose connection of 65 mm (2 inches)

that is calculated hydraulically, and 4.5 bar (65 psi) at the farthest point of the

hydrant box of 40 mm (1 inch) that is calculated hydraulically. If the competent

authority allows the pressure lower than 6.9 bar (100 psi) for hose connection sizes

of 65 mm (2 inches), based on suppression tactics, the pressure can be reduced

to a minimum 4.5 bar (65 psi).


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b) the size of the pipe with the flow rate required by the residual pressure of 6.9 bar

(100 psi) at the farthest end of the hose with the size of 65 mm (2 inches) and a

pressure of 4.5 bar (65 psi) at the farthest end of the hose with a size of 40 mm (1

inches), designed in accordance as shown in table 7.7.b. The design that uses pipe

schedules, should be limited to wet standpipe of the building that are not categorized

as high buildings.

Table 7.7.b. Minimum pipe diameter (in inches), in terms of total distance and total

accumulated flow pipe

Total of flow accumulation The farthest distance from the output (inches)

Gallon/minutes Liter/minutes 30.5 m

100 379 2 2 3

101-500 3821893 4 4 6

501-750 1896 2839 5 5 6

751-1250 2843 4731 6 6 6

1251 and above 4735 and above 8 8 8

7.8 The maximum pressure for hose connection

Where the residual pressure in the output at the size of 40 mm (1 inches) of the hose

connection that is available for use by the occupants exceed 6.9 bar (100 psi), the

pressure regulating device that has been tested must be provided to limit the residual

pressure at the required flow, at a pressure of 6.9 bar (100 psi).

When the static pressure in the hose connections exceed 12.1 bar (175 psi), the

pressure regulating device that has been tested must be provided to limit static pressure

and residual pressure, at the end of the hose connections of 40 mm (1 inches) that

are available for use by the occupants, pressurized at 6.9 bar (100 psi), and a pressure

of 12.1 bar (175 psi) on the other hose connections.

7.9 The minimum flow rate

System class I and class III

For systems class I and class III, the minimum flow rate of the furthest hydraulicstandpipe should be 1893 liters/min (550 Gallon/minutes). The minimum flow rate for

additional standpipe should be 946 liters/min (250 Gallon/minutes) for each standpipe,

which the amount does not exceed 4731 liters/min (1250 Gallon/minutes). If the floor

area is over 7432 m2(80000 feet

2), the next furthest standpipe must be designed to be

able to handle 1983 liters/min (500 Gallon/minutes).


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Hydraulic calculations and determination of pipe sizes for each standpipe must be

based on the provision of 946 liters/min (250 Gallon/minutes) that is in both furthest

hydraulic hose connections on the standpipe outlet and on top of each other standpipe

in accordance with the required minimum residual pressure.

The joint supply piping must be calculated to fulfill the required flow rate of the entirestandpipe that are connected to the piping system, with the number that is not exceed

4,731 liters / min (1,250 Gallon/minutes).

Class II system.

For Class II systems, the minimum flow rate for the furthest standpipe which is

calculated hydraulically is 379 liters/min (100 Gallon/minutes). Additional flow is not

required if there is more than 1 (one) standpipe.

Hydraulic calculations and determination of pipe sizes for each standpipe shall be

based on providing 379 liters/min (100 Gallon/minutes) in the hydraulic hose

connections on the farthest standpipe. The joint Supply piping that serves a double

standpipe must be calculated for the supply of 379 liters/min (100 Gallon/minutes).

7.10 Equivalent pipe length of valves and fittings for hydraulic system design.

Table 7.10.1 should be only used where the factor C of the Hazen-Williams is 120. For

other values of C, the value in the table must be multiplied by a factor shown in Table

7.10.2 (a). Table 7.10.2 (b) shows the C factor of the pipe material that is commonlyused. Permission must be sought from the competent authority for the use of other C

values.

Table 7.10.1 : Equivalent pipe length

Fitting and valve Fitting and valve presented in equivalent pipe length (feet)

1 1 1 2 2 3 3 4 5 6 8 10 12

Elbow 45 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 4 5 7 9 11 13

Standard Elbow 90 2 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 12 14 18 22 27

Long Elbow 90 1 2 2 2 3 4 5 5 6 8 9 13 16 18

Tee or cross (turningangle 90

0)

3 5 6 8 10 12 15 17 20 25 30 35 50 60

Butterfly valve 6 7 10 12 9 10 12 19 21Gate valve 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 4 5 6

One direction swingvalve

5 7 9 11 14 16 19 22 27 32 45 55 65

Rounded valve 46 70

Angle valve 20 31


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Table 7.10.2.(a): Adjustment factor for C

C Value 100 130 140 150

Multiply Factor 0.713 1.16 1.33 1.51

Table 7.10.2 (b): Values of C from Hazen-Williams

Pipe or Tube C Value

Standpipe for exhaust with size of 76 mm (3 inches) that is permanently mounted

adjacent to each standpipe and is equipped with a pressure regulation equipment to

allow testing of any equipment. Standpipe for disposal must be installed with the tee 80

mm x 65 mm (3 inches x 2 inches).


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Figure A.6.3.: Firefighter connection for wet standpipe


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Figure A.7.1. (A): single zone system


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Figure A-7.1. (B): two-zone system


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Figure A-7.1. (C): multi-zones system


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Figure A.7.3.2. (A).: Location on ladder fire hose connection.

Figure A.7.3.2. (b).: Location hose connections on the horizontal exit


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Figure A.7.3.2. (c).: Location hose connection in the exit passageway

Fire Protection Pipe

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