Final Output - Action Research

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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

Health is a universal word defined and described by various

individuals. People view health according to their personal

experiences and its implication on their philosophies in life.

Different factors contribute in defining health by a person.

These factors also affect the persons approach on the

management of his or her health. Thus, effective health

management relies on the person and the definition of health

established.

People regardless of status experience health in a

different manner. Their health is affected as well as the health

management practices that they utilize by the type of

occupation, recreation and routines they have. Some of the

important health management practices necessary for optimum

health such as exercise and recreation are sometimes hindered by

the nature of work for working mothers and sedentary lifestyle

for unemployed. Opportunities for health matters were often set

aside especially when busyness to household chores took over.

Health programs implemented by public or private health

sectors or institutions could help in reaching out these health

concerns of mothers. Through the aid of these health programs,

mothers will be empowered to take action towards better health

management practices.


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CHAPTER II BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

HERDS (Health Education/Health Trivia, Rest and Recreation,

Dance Exercise and Stress Management) is a health program

formulated to assist mothers of Purok 6, Barangay 2, San Mateo,

Isabela with regard to their health management. This program is

composed of several health components designed to help them

improve their health management practices. One of the components

of HERDS program is Health Education.

Health Education is an important feature of this health

program since it aid in the promotion, maintenance and

restoration of health. Through this component of the program,

they were given opportunities to acquire health information and

techniques to improve the quality of their health and at the

same time their life. Health education is the profession ofeducating people about health. Areas within this profession

encompass environmental health, physical health, social health,

emotional health, intellectual health, and spiritual health. It

can be defined as the principle by which individuals and groups

of people learn to behave in a manner conducive to the

promotion, maintenance, or restoration of health . However, as

there are multiple definitions of health , there are also

multiple definitions of health education. The Joint Committee on

Health Education and Promotion Terminology of 2001 defined
http://www.answers.com/topic/healthhttp://www.answers.com/topic/healthhttp://www.answers.com/topic/healthhttp://www.answers.com/topic/health


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Health Education as "any combination of planned learning

experiences based on sound theories that provide individuals,

groups, and communities the opportunity to acquire information

and the skills needed to make quality health decisions." The

World Health Organization defined Health Education as

"comprising of consciously constructed opportunities for

learning involving some form of communication designed to

improve health literacy, including improving knowledge, and

developing life skills which are conducive to individual and

community health."

Another component of the health program is the Rest and

Recreation. It is another essential element of the program

because rest facilitates restoration of physical energy and

recreation helps refresh the mind from psychological loads.

Mothers must uplift their minds to be more productive and reduce

the risks of psychological-related illnesses.

The benefits of using relaxation technique are

overwhelming. Regular practice of relaxation techniques will

assist you in relieving muscle tension, reduce anxiety, and

improve your overall well being. Other physiological benefits

include (1) decrease in heart rate; (2) decrease respiration

rate; (3) decrease in blood pressure; (4) decrease in muscle

tension; (5) decrease in metabolic rate and oxygen consumption.


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Practicing relaxation exercises 20 30 minutes on a daily basis

can produce, over time, a general feeling of relaxation and

increased well being that benefits every area of your life.

When you feel relaxed and at ease, you feel more in control

which leads to calm, realistic responses (www.

Mckinley.illinois.edu/Units/Health_Ed/relax_benefits_tips.htm).

Dance exercise is another one of the components of the

HERDS program. This element aims to promote the physical aspect

of health through the benefits of exercise. Exercise promotes

good circulation of the blood and reduces the risk of

cardiovascular diseases. Dance exercise is a form of exercise

that does not only free the bones and muscles of the body but

lifts the spirit as well. Dancing is an ancient form of movement

that has been part of our lives from the beginning of time. It

is an interesting form of exercise that can improve health.

Learning to dance can be a fun, social, local and friendly

approach of getting pleasure from low intensity physical

activity and skill learning. It is an aerobic exercise and an

excellent way to improve physical fitness, free our bones,

muscles, and joints. ( http://hubpages.com/hub/WALKING-AND-

DANCING-ARE-PERFECT-EXERCISES ).

The last component of the program is the Stress Management.

Stress is a natural phenomenon that is experienced by any
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individual (Bobak, 1991). Stress is naturally part of life. It

can bring about different burdens when experienced but with

proper stress management, these burdens can be prevented. This

part of the program can be very beneficial to mothers in gaining

techniques to manage the stressors at their work at home and

even at their own offices or institutions.

The HERDS program intends to influence mothers toward

better health management practices and to promote more health-

oriented individuals.

The researcher has conceptualized an approach to assess the

response of mothers to the health program. Thus, this research

study aims to determine the impact of the HERDS program in the

improvement of the health management practices of mothers of

Purok 6, Barangay 2, San Mateo, Isabela.


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CHAPTER III OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

This research study sought to determine the effectiveness

of HERDS health program in improving the Health Management

Practices of mothers of Purok 6, Barangay 2, San Mateo, Isabela.

Specifically, this study aims to answer the following

questions:

1. What are the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Occupation

2. What are the health management practices of Purok 6 Mothers

before the program?

3. What are the health management practices of Purok 6 Mothers

after the program?

4. Is there a significant difference in the health management

practices before and after the HERDS program?


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CHAPTER IV FINDINGS

The scope of this chapter comprises the research design

employed, the respondents of the study, the data gathering tool,

the data gathering procedure, and the statistical tool and

treatment of the data, and the interpretation and analysis of

data.

Research Design

This research study utilizes the descriptive method of

research in the conduct of the study. The researcher uses survey

methods and procedures to determine the impact of HERDS (Health

Education/Health Trivia, Rest and Recreation, Dance Exercise,

and Stress Management) program to the health management

practices of mothers.

Respondents

The respondents of the study were randomly selected mothers

who will undergo the HERDS program with target respondents of

17. There were 30 questionnaires floated to the 30 selected

mothers and only 17 of them returned and participated in the

said program.


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Data Gathering Tool

The self-made questionnaire was the primary instrument to

be utilized in data gathering. The questionnaire consists of

three parts namely:

1. Profile of the Respondents

1.1 Name

1.2 Age

1.3 Gender

1.4 Occupation

2. Health Management Practices before the HERDS Program

3. Health Management Practices after the HERDS Program

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will obtain the necessary data for the

research study by means of the following procedures: First, the

researcher will formulate a questionnaire that could seek out

the necessary thing for the success of the study. A letter for

the target respondents was made and at the same time, a letter

to the officer in - charge will be done stating the purpose of

the action research to be conducted. After securing the letter

for the respondents, the questionnaires will be floated to the

respondents. The answered questionnaires of the respondents will

be retrieved and the data collected will be tallied and will be

presented in tables.


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Statistical Tool and Treatment

To facilitate the analysis and interpretation of data,

statistical tables will be prepared to reflect the results of

the data and the following statistical treatment will be used:

1. Relative Frequency, Percentage

This will be used to analyze the profile of the

respondents gathered through the questionnaire once

grouped according to gender, age and occupation.

1.1 frequency (f) refers to the number of

respondents who favor certain condition

1.2 percentage (%) refers to the percentage of the

condition and respondents with the following

2. Weighted Mean

This will be utilized to obtain the average responses

of the respondents to every item in the questionnaire.

To further interpret the implication of the means, the

following arbitrary scale will be used:

Scale Descriptive Interpretation

5 4.20 5.00 Always (everyday)

4 3.40-4.19 Most of the time (3-4 times a week)

3 - 2.60-3.39 Sometimes (2 times to once a week)

2 1.80-2.59 Rarely (at least once in two weeks)

1 1.0-1.79 Never


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3. T test

This will be utilized to determine if there is a

significant difference of the program being

implemented before and after.

DATA PRESENTATION

Table 1 Profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. AGE

AGE INTERVAL FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

46 Y/O - ABOVE 8 47

36 Y/O 45 Y/O 3 18

25 Y/O 35 Y/O 6 35

INTERPRETATION:

This table shows that majority of the respondents fall

on the age of 46 years old and above. This has been

followed by young adults under the age of 25 years old 35

years old. The remaining falls under the age of 36 years

old 45 years old.


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b. GENDER

GENDER FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

MALE 0 0

FEMALE 17 100

INTERPRETATION:

This would imply that the respondents are all mothers

who reside at Purok 6, Barangay 2, San Mateo, Isabela.

c. OCCUPATION

OCCUPATION FREQUENCY PERCENTAGE

GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEE 6 35

PRIVATE EMPLOYEE 2 12

SELF - EMPLOYED 1 6

PLAIN HOUSEWIFE 8 47

INTERPRETATION:

This table shows the occupation of the respondents

where most of them are plain housewives. There were 6 of

them who are employed in the government sector and 2 on the

private one. Only one of them engages into business.


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Table 2 - Mean Distribution of the Respondents Responses BEFORE

the implementation of HERDS program.

Mean Interpretation

1. I consciously adhere in eating a

proper/ balance diet.

3.53 Most of the

time

2. I do observe proper hygiene and

clean/ organize environment.

4.35 Always

3. I do have a positive thinking

attitude.

3.82 Most of the

time

4. I do perform exercise/ dance

exercise at home/ at work to

improve my health and reduce

stress.

3.47 Most of the

time

5. I take a rest whenever I feel tired

at home and at work.

3.82 Most of the

time

6. I do engage in recreational

activities such as watching TV,

playing sports, listening to music,

and others to reduce stress.

4.24 Always

7. I manage to mingle with friends/

family to alleviate stress at work

and at home.

3.94 Most of the

time


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8. I search for health tips/

guidelines to manage and improve my

health.

3.41 Most of the

time

9. I look forward for health session/

lectures for health guidelines and

updates on current health issues/

concerns.

3 Sometimes

10. I monitor for the discomforts

I feel to prevent any serious

illness.

3.35 Sometimes

11. I do monitoring of my vital

signs such as blood pressure to

ensure values within the normal

limits and to intervene as

necessary.

3 Sometimes

12. I take over the counter

medications for simple illnesses

such as fever, cough or headache.

3.24 Sometimes

13. I do seek medical assistance

for simple and serious illnesses/

health discomforts.

2.65 Sometimes

14. I do avoid smoking or any

unnecessary habits to prevent

3.94 Most of the

time


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health problems.

15. I take vitamin supplements to

help improve my health.

4.10 Most of the

time

Overall weighted mean 3.59 Most of the

time

Analysis and Interpretation

The table above shows that the overall weighted mean is

3.59, which implies that before the implementation of the HERDS

program, most of the time, they perform or do activities such as

using health trivia, doing hand hygiene and others that would

promote or manage their health.

Item one has a weighted mean of 3.53 which implies that

most of the time the respondents adhere in eating proper or

balance diet. Having an access to the information of balance

diet facilitate the compliance of the respondents to their

proper nutritional needs.

Item two has a weighted mean of 4.35. This result shows

that the respondents always observe proper hand hygiene and

clean environment. Doing such kind of health practices would

decrease the possibility of the occurrence and spread of

diseases at home and at work.


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The third item has a weighted mean of 3.82 which indicate

that most of the time the respondents have a positive thinking

attitude. Due to their stressful work experience, the

respondents do this type of strategy in order for them to adapt

in the nature of their work.

Item four has a weighted mean of 3.47 which implies that

most of the time the respondents would perform exercise or dance

exercise at home as a form of their health promotion and stress

reduction activity. Doing this kind of activity would help them

become physically fit as well as mentally healthy.

Item five has a weighted mean of 3.82. The result indicates

that most of the time the respondents take a rest whenever they

feel tired at home or at workplace. Having enough rest would

restore the bodys energy, thus it helps the respondents to

become productive in their work.

The sixth item has a weighted mean of 4.24, which shows

that the respondents always engage themselves in recreational

activities such as watching TV, playing sports, listening to

music and others to reduce stress. Having an access and

availability of the materials motivate the respondents to

utilize it, hence, it helps them feel better by alleviating

their stress without the use of any pharmacologic treatment.

Item seven has a weighted mean of 3.94 which implies that

most of the time they manage to mingle with their friends and


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family members to alleviate stress at work and at home. Most of

the time, they use this kind of strategy in order for them to

unload their baggages by sharing their shortcomings to others,

thus, it decreases their stressful feelings.

Item eight has weighted mean of 3.41. This result indicates

that most of the time, the respondents would search for health

tips or guidelines to manage and improve their health. The

respondents were willing to search and read health tips that

would aid in promoting their health.

The ninth item has a weighted mean of 3, which shows that

the respondents are sometimes attending health sessions or

lectures for health guidelines and update. Since they spent most

of their time working at home and at workplace, they do not have

enough time to attend certain health related lectures or

updates.

The tenth item has a weighted mean of 3.35, which implies

that sometimes they monitor the discomforts they feel to prevent

any serious illness. As it was stated before that most of them

spent their working time in the office or at home doing

household matters, they tend to disregard or pay lesser

attention to the discomforts they feel.

Item eleven has a weighted mean of 3. This result shows

that sometimes the respondents monitor their vital signs such as

blood pressure to ensure the values are within normal limits.


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Most of the members do not know the skills in getting vital

signs since health related skills were not their field of

specialty.

Item twelve has a weighted mean of 3.24, which means that

sometimes the respondents utilize over the counter medicines to

alleviate their illnesses such as cough, fever, or headache.

The thirteenth item has a weighted mean of 2.65 which

shows that sometimes the respondents seek medical assistance for

simple or serious illnesses or health discomforts. Due to lack

of available time, the respondents respondents tend to disregard

their health related problem.

Item fourteen has a weighted mean of 3.94, which means that

most of the time, the respondents avoid smoking or any

unnecessary habits to prevent health problems. Avoiding such

vices is vital in order to avoid diseases caused by these bad

habits.

The last item which is 15 has a weighted mean of 4.10. This

result indicates that most of the time, the respondents take

vitamin supplements to help improve their health.


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Table 3 - Mean Distribution of the Respondents Responses AFTER

the implementation of HERDS program.

Mean Interpretation

1. I consciously adhere in

eating a proper/balance

diet

4.18 Most of the

time

2. I do observe proper hygiene

and clean/organize

environment

4.71 Always

3. I do have a positive

thinking attitude

4.53 Always

4. I do perform exercise/dance

exercise at home/at work to

improve my health and

reduce stress

4.12 Most of the

time

5. I take a rest whenever I

feel tired at home and at

work

4.18 Most of the

time

6. I do engage in recreational

activities such as watching

TV, playing sports,

listening to music, and

4.65 Always


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others to reduce stress

7. I manage to mingle with

friends/family to alleviate

stress at work and at home

4.24 Always

8. I search for health

tips/guidelines to manage

and improve my health

4.12 Most of the

time

9. I look forward for health

session/lectures for health

guidelines and updates on

current health

issues/concerns

4.24 Most of the

time

10. I monitor for the

discomforts I feel to

prevent any serious illness

4.18 Most of the

time

11. I do monitoring of my vital

signs such as blood

pressure to ensure values

within the normal limits

and to intervene as

necessary

3.94 Most of the

time


medications for simple

4.06 Most of the

time


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illnesses such as fever,

cough or headache

13. I do seek medical

assistance for simple and

serious illnesses/health

discomforts

3.32 Sometimes


unnecessary habits to

prevent health problems

4.29 Always

15. I take vitamin supplements

to help improve my health

4.90 Always

Overall weighted mean 4.24 Always

Analysis & Interpretation

This table shows that the overall weighted mean is 4.24

which clearly indicate that there was a vivid change in the

health practices and management of the respondents after the

implementation of the HERDS program. Truly there were

improvements and awareness regarding health on the part of the

participants.

Item 1 has a weighted mean of 4.18. This shows that after

the HERDS program, the respondents consciously adhere in eating

a proper/balance diet. This only implies that compared to the

situation of the respondents before HERDS program, there had


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been a great improvement in terms of diet awareness and in

maintaining a proper and well balance diet. There may be high

possibility that the respondents will not be able to acquire

diet related diseases.

Item 2 have a weighted mean of 4.71. After the HERDS

program, the respondents always observe proper hygiene and clean

or organize environment. This implies that they have become more

conscious about the cleanliness and orderliness of their selves

and on their environment. This practice could reduce the risk of

infection and cross contamination.

Item 3 have a weighted mean of 4.53. It depicts that after

the implementation of the HERDS program, the respondents always

have a positive thinking attitude. And being optimistic is also

a way of managing stress even in the most stressful conditions.

And stress management is a part of the HERDS program.

Item 4 have a weighted mean of 4.12. After the

implementation of the HERDS program, the respondents became more

aware of the importance of exercise. Oftentimes, they perform

exercise or dance exercise at home and at work to improve health

and reduce stress. The HERDS program includes dance exercise

every Saturday as part of the health activities of the

respondents. This can decrease the possibility of acquiring

diseases/illnesses related to having a sedentary lifestyle.


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Item 5 have a weighted mean of 4.18. This indicates that

most of the times, the respondents take a rest whenever feel

tired at home and at work. In a place where there is loads of

work, rest also is of vital importance. It was very evident that

the HERDS program made a discernible change with the

respondents health practices. Rest is part of the stress

management strategies that can aid respondents to face other

loads of work.

Item 6 have a weighted mean of 4.65 in the scale of 1.0 to

5.0. The respondents always engage in recreational activities

such as watching TV, playing sports especially basketball every

Tuesdays and Thursdays, listening to music, and others to reduce

stress. This explains that stress management techniques were

used by the respondents as part of their health management

practices.

Item 7 have a weighted mean of 4.24. This reveals that the

respondents always manage to mingle with friends and family to

alleviate stress at work and at home. Having to mingle with

friends and family helps to alleviate stress and strengthens

bonding.

Item 8 had weighted mean of 4.12. After the HERDS program,

they search for health tips or guidelines more often. The

respondents became more enthusiastic and conscious about updates


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on health and some health tips or trivia to manage and improve

their health.

Item 9 have a weighted mean of 4.24. This explains that the

respondents really look forward for health session or lectures

for health guidelines and updates on current health issues or

concerns. This result indicates the increasing health awareness

of the respondents. They tend to search, implore and ask on

issues regarding health and health management.

Item 10 have a weighted mean of 4.18. This represents an

increase in the respondents consciousness in monitori ng

discomforts that they feel to prevent serious illness. With the

increase knowledge on the different kinds of diseases, they were

able to observe and monitor their symptoms and whenever possible

go for consultation. They tend to consider the seriousness of

their symptoms might be.

Item 11 had a weighted mean of 3.94. The implementation of

the HERDS program made the respondents monitor more vividly

their vital signs such as blood pressure to ensure values within

the normal limits and to intervene as necessary. The respondents

were also taught how to take blood pressure. And some of them

were able to perform the skill very well.

Item 12 have a weighted mean of 4.06. This only shows that

the respondents take over the counter medications for simple

illnesses such as fever, cough or headache. Because of the


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increased power of the media, people nowadays become more

knowledgeable about many of our drugs of today.

Item 13 have a weighted mean of 3.32. This depicts that the

respondents sometimes seek medical assistance for simple and

serious illnesses or health discomforts. This explains that they

only seek when they think it is really serious.

Item 14 have a weighted mean of 4.29. After the HERDS

program, the respondents do avoid smoking or any unnecessary

habits to prevent health problems. There were many health

teachings and health tips about the complications of smoking and

the risk to those people affected. That is why the participants

were able to tell that they are able to avoid these hazardous

activities.

Item 15 have a weighted mean of 4.90. This shows that the

respondents always take vitamin supplements to help maintain and

protect their health. And they are very eager to know the

benefits of taking up such kind of supplements. They value much

the saying that, prevention is really better than cure.


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Table 4 Significant Differences BEFORE and AFTER the HERDS

Program

Mean

BEFORE

Mean

AFTER

1. I consciously adhere in

eating a proper/balance

diet

3.53 0.0036 4.18 0.0036

2. I do observe proper

hygiene and clean/organize

environment

4.35 0.5776 4.71 0.2209

3. I do have a positive

thinking attitude

3.82 0.0529 4.53 0.0841

4. I do perform

exercise/dance exercise at

home/at work to improve my

health and reduce stress

3.47 0.0144 4.12 0.0144

5. I take a rest whenever I

feel tired at home and at

work

3.82 0.0529 4.18 0.0036

6. I do engage in

recreational activities

such as watching TV,

4.24 0.4225 4.65 0.1681


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playing sports, listening

to music, and others to

reduce stress

7. I manage to mingle with

friends/family to

alleviate stress at work

and at home

3.94 0.1225 4.24 0

8. I search for health

tips/guidelines to manage

and improve my health

3.41 0.0324 4.12 0.0144

9. I look forward for health

session/lectures for

health guidelines and

updates on current health

issues/concerns

3 0.3481 4.24 0

10. I monitor for the

discomforts I feel to

prevent any serious

illness

3.35 0.0576 4.18 0.0036

11. I do monitoring of my

vital signs such as blood

pressure to ensure values

within the normal limits

3 0.3481 3.94 0.09


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and to intervene as

necessary


medications for simple

illnesses such as fever,

cough or headache

3.24 0.1225 4.06 0.0324

13. I do seek medical

assistance for simple and

serious illnesses/health

discomforts

2.65 0.8836 3.32 0.8464


unnecessary habits to

prevent health problems

3.94 0.1225 4.29 0.0025

15. I take vitamin supplements

to help improve my health

4.10 0.2601 4.90 0.4356

Overall

mean

3.59

Total:

3.4113

Overall

mean

4.24

Total:

1.9196

1. H = = H=

2. Level of significance= 1% = 2.9213. Criteria:

Accept H if t > 2.921Reject H if t 2.921

4. Computation:


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t= 3.59-4.24_________

( )( ) ( )( ) ( )t= -0.65_______________

( ) t= -0.65_______________ ( ) t= -0.65_______________

0.856504524 ( ) t= -0.65_______

0.100765237

t= -6.450637336 or -6.45

5.Decision: Reject H

INTERPRETATION:

Health Management Practices of the respondents for health

promotion and illness prevention is discernible even before the

implementation of the HERDS program. After the implementation of

the program, there is an improvement in terms of the adherence

to the health promotion activities; there is a significant

difference on the health practices and activities of the

respondents before and after the HERDS program implementation.


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CHAPTER V RECOMMENDATIONS

Recommendations

In lieu of the findings of the study, the researcherproposes the following recommendations:

1. The respondents must continuously undergo and participate in

physical exercises at home or at work in order to motivate them

as well as help them in doing certain physical activity as part

of health promotion activity.

2. There should be available attending physician or healthcare

provider to the respondents ready on call or is available as

part of the health protection program for the respondents. Or if

not possible, at least there must be a mandate to all that they

must undergo a general consultation and check up yearly to

detect and screen diseases and to maintain and improve health.

3. There must also be a well established structure or committee

for health promotion and illness prevention that would serve as

the health updates nourishment and health guide of the

respondents.

4. The study should also be implemented in diverse groups of

people especially for the betterment of the entire population.


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m

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