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    PROJECT REPORT

    ON

    “PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTICIPATION IN INDIA”

    MASTERS OF COMMERCE DEGREE

    SEMESTER- 2

    ACADEMIC YEAR: 2015-16

    SUBMITTED BYMR: ODIYAR SUMANRAJ

    ROLL NO: 36

    N.E.S. RATNAM COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE,N.E.S. MARG, BHANDUP ( EST!, MUMBAI-"###$%

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    PROJECT REPORT ON

    “PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTICIPATION IN INDIA”

    MASTERS OF COMMERCE DEGREE

    SEMESTER- 2

    ACADEMIC YEAR: 2015-16

    SUBMITTED BY

    IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARDOF MASTER DEGREE OF COMMERCEMR: ODIYAR SUMANRAJ

    ROLL NO: 36

    N.E.S. RATNAM COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCE AND COMMERCE,N.E.S. MARG, BHANDUP ( EST!, MUMBAI-"###$%

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    N.E.S. RATNAM COLLEGE OF ARTS, SCIENCEAND COMMERCE,

    N.E.S. MARG, BHANDUP ( EST!, MUMBAI- "###$%

    CERTIFICATE

    Thi i !" #$%!i&' !h(! !h$ )%"*$#! %$)"%! "+“PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTICIPATION IN INDIA” i ,"+(&i $ %$#"% "& )%"*$#! ."%/ "+$ ,'MR. ODIYAR SUMANRAJ , i!!$ i+ )(%!i( & &i $+! "& !h$ %$3 i%$ $"& !h$ (.(% "& !h$ M( !$% "& C" $%#$ D$4%$$ U+i $% i!' "& M ,(i %!h$ )$%i" "& hi ! ' i+ !h$ (#( $ i# '$(% 2015-16

    INTERNAL E AMINER:

    E TERNAL E AMINER:

    P%i+#i)( M&'. R )* S*+*

    DECLARATION

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    I h$%$,' $# (%$ !h(! !hi P%"*$#! R$)"%! $+!i! $“PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTICIPATION IN INDIA” , i!!$ ,' $ &"% !h$ (.(% "& M( !$%"& C" $%#$ D$4%$$7 U+i $% i!' "& M ,(i i ( %$#"% "& P%"*$."%/ "+$ ,' $ %i+4 !h$ '$(% 2015-168 Thi i $+!i%$ ' ' ".+."%/8

    NAME:ODIYAR SUMANRA9 ROLL NO: 6

    P (#$: M ,(i; Bh(+ )

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    I ".$ ( 4%$(! (+' !h(+/ !" 4%$(! (+' )$") $ .h" h$ )$ (+))"%!$ $ "i+4 !h$ .%i!i+4 "& !hi ,""/8

    M' $$)$ ! !h(+/ !" $#! %$%;P& . J*)+*/ ./.R* "& !h$ )%"*$#! &"% 4 i i+4 (+ #"%%$#!i+4 (%i" "# $+! "& i+$ .i!h (!!$+!i"+ (+ #(%$8h( !(/$+ )(i+ !" 4" !h%" 4h ' )%"*$#! (+ (/$ +$#$ (%' #"%%$#!i"+ ( (+.h$+ +$$ $ 8

    I $>!$+ ' !h(+/ !" !h$ )%i+#i)( "& NES R(!+( C" $4$ "& A%!S#i$+#$ (+ C" $%#$; Bh(+ ) !$+ ' h$(%!&$ ! !h(+/

    ' &( i ' (+ .$ -.i h$% 8

    C*)0 0*12 N* 2: ODIYAR SUMANRA9

    INDE

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    SR.NO.

    DESCRIPTION

    4 INTRODUCTION

    5 M$!h" " "4'

    3 T 72' P89 ; P& /*12 P*&1)2&'+ 7 M 02 ' )I)0 *

    " +*1 *&2 92)2 1'

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    P89 ; 7& /*12-7*&1)2&'+ 7

    CH:4

    I)1& 08;1 ):

    A 789 ; 7& /*12 7*&1)2&'+ 7 )('$%8?1@ I+ "!h$% !')$ ,%$(/ "% ,' %$ " i+44 (%(+!$$ (++ ( %$ $+ $ &"% ( &i>$ !i $ )$%i" 8 I+ ( #( $ ; !h$ )(%!+$% hi) i+# $ ( !%(+ &$% "& %i / !" !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"%; 4$+$%( ' i+ (+ i+!$4%(!$ (+ h" i !i#

    i+i i i+4 i+!$%&(#$ &"% !h$ ) , i# $+!i!'8 A+ ")!i ( %i / ( "#(i !h$ (i+ ( $ 4$+$%(!"% &"% !hi " $ "& $ i $%i+4 ) , i# Th$%$ (%$ ( ' !." & + ( $+!( %i $% &"% PPP 8 Fi% ! ';# (i $ !" $+(, $ !h$ ) , i# $#!"% !" h(%+$ !h$ $>)$%!i $ ($&&i#i$+#i$ !h(! !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% #(+ ,%i+4 !" !h$ $ i $%' "& #&(#i i!i$ (+ $% i#$ !%( i!i"+( ' )%"# %$ (+ $ i $%$ ) , i# $#!"%8 S$#"+ '; ( PPP i !% #! %$ " !h(! !h$ ) , i# $ ," ' $$/i+4 !" (/$ ( #()i!( i+ $ ! $+! "$ +"! i+# % (+'

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_sectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_sectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_sectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership#cite_note-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_finance_initiativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_goodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_goodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant_(money)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_breakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_breakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annuity_(finance_theory)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_sectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public%E2%80%93private_partnership#cite_note-ncbi.nlm.nih.gov-1https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_finance_initiativehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_goodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_goodhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infrastructurehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grant_(money)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_breakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tax_breakhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annuity_(finance_theory)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_sectorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_sector

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    ,"%%".i+48 R(!h$%; !h$ PPP ,"%%".i+4 i i+# %%$ ,' !h$ )%i (!$ $#$hi# $ i ) $ $+!i+4 !h$ )%"*$#!8

    O+ PPP )%"*$#! .h$%$ !h$ #" ! "& i+4 !h$ $% i#$ i i+!$+ $

    ,"%+$ $># i $ ' ,' !h$ $+ $%; !h$ PPP i ; &%" !h$ ) , i# $# )$% )$#!i $; (+ "&&-,( (+#$ h$$! $!h" "& &i+(+#i+4 !h$ $"& +$. "% %$& %,i h$ ) , i# $#!"% ( $! 8 O+ PPP )%"*$#! .h$%$ !h$ ) , i# $#!"% i+!$+ !" #" )$+ (!$ !h )%i (!$ $#!"% !h%" 4h ( (i (,i i!' )(' $+! "+#$ !h$ &(#i i!' i$ !(, i h$ "% %$+$.$ ; !h$ &i+(+#i+4 i ; &%" !h$ ) , i# $# )$% )$#!i $; "+-,( (+#$ h$$! 7 h".$ $%; !h$ ) , i# $#!"% .i%$4 (% ' ,$+$&i! &%" i4+i&i#(+! ' $&$%%$ #( h & ". 8 G&i+(+#i+4 #" ! .i ,$ hi4h$% &"% ( PPP !h(+ &"% ( !%( i!i"+( )&i+(+#i+4; ,$#( $ "& !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% hi4h$% #" ! "& #()i!( 8H".$ $% $>!%( &i+(+#i+4 #" ! #(+ ,$ "&& $! ,' )%i (!$ $#!$&&i#i$+#'; ( i+4 %$ !i+4 &%" (+ h" i !i# ())%"(#h !" $ i!h$ )%"*$#! "% $% i#$; (+ &%" !h$ ,$!!$% %i / ( "#(!i"+ i+ !h% +8

    T')i#( '; ( )%i (!$ $#!"% #"+ "%!i &"% ( )$#i( #" )(+' #( $( )$#i( ) %)" $ $hi# $

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    A !')i#( PPP $>( ) $ ." ,$ ( h" )i!( , i i+4 &i+(+#$ (+#"+ !% #!$ ,' ( )%i (!$ $ $ ")$% (+ !h$+ $( $ !" !h$ h" )i!( !h"%i!'8

    D2 ) )= P89 ; P& /*12 P*&1)2&'+ 7':

    4.4 P , i# P%i (!$ P(%!+$% hi) $(+ (+ (%%(+4$ $+! ,$!.$$+ (4" $%+ $+! !(! !"%' $+!i!' 4" $%+ $+! ".+$ $+!i!' "+ "+$ i $(+ ( )%i (!$ $#!"% $+!i!' "+ !h$ "!h$%; &"% !h$ )%" i i"+ "& )( $! (+ "% ) , i# $% i#$ ; !h%" 4h i+ $ ! $+! ,$i+4 ( $ (+

    (+(4$ $+! ,$i+4 + $%!(/$+ ,' !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% $+!i!'; &"% ()$#i&i$ )$%i" "& !i $; .h$%$ !h$%$ i .$ $&i+$ ( "#(!i"+ " ,$!.$$+ !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% (+ !h$ ) , i# $+!i!' (+ !h$ )%i (!$ $+!i!'

    %$#$i $ )$%&"% (+#$ i+/$ )(' $+! !h(! #"+&"%

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    . I)/2'1 2)1' 92 )= *02 9 *)0< & *)*=2 2)1 8)02&1* 2)9 1+2 7& /*12 '2;1 & 2)1 1 : Th$ (%%(+4$ $+! #" )%" i $ &"% &i+(+#i( i+ $ ! $+! (++"+-&i+(+#i( i+ $ ! $+! ,' !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"%7 !h$ i+!$+! "& ! (%%(+4$ $+! i !" h(%+$ !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% $&&i#i$+#' i

    $ i $%' "& 3 ( i!' $% i#$ !" !h$ $% 8

    /. O72&*1 )' & *)*=2 2)1 & * '72; 20 72& 0: Th$ (%%(+4$ $+! #(++"! ,$ i+ )$%)$! i!'8 A&!$% ( )%$- $!$% i+!i $ )$%i" ; !h$ (%%(+4$ $+! .i!h !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% $+!i!' #" $ !" ( # " %$8

    /. R ' '+*& )= 1+ 1+2 7& /*12 '2;1 &: M$%$ " ! " %#i+4 #"+!%(#! (%$ +"! PPP 8

    / . P2& & *);2 ) 20 7* 2)1': Th$ #$+!%( &"# i "+ )$%&"% (+#$ (+ +"! $%$ ' )%" i i&(#i i!' "% $% i#$8

    / . C ) & *);2 1 72& & *);2 '1*)0*&0': Th$ &"# i "+ ( !%"+4 $ $ $+! "& $% i#$ $ i $%' ( )$##" ) i(+#$ !" )%$- $!$% i+$ (+ $( %(, $ !(+ (% !" , )$#i&i$ ,' !h$ S)"+ "%i+4 A !h"%i!'8

    4.3 Th$ (," $ $&i+i!i"+ ) ! &"%!h "+ ' !h$ $ $+!i( #"+ i!i"+ &(+ (%%(+4$ $+! !" ,$ $ i4+(!$ ( ( P , i# P%i (!$ P(%!+$% h

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    *. A "#(!i"+ "& %i / i+ (+ ")!i ( (++$% !" !h$ )(%!' ,$ !i!$ !" (+(4$ !h$ %i / 7

    9. P%i (!$ $#!"% $+!i!' %$#$i $ #( h & ". &"% !h$i% i+ $i+ (+ "% (+(4$ $+! "& !h$ PPP $i!h$% !h%" 4h ( )$%&"% (+ i+/$ &$$ )(' $+! !% #! %$ &%" !h$ 4" $%+ $+! $+!i!' (+!h%" 4h $% #h(%4$ &%" !h$ #"+ $% "& !h$ $% i#$ )%"

    ;. G$+$%( ' ( "+4 !$% (%%(+4$ $+! ,$!.$$+ !h$ )(%!i$ , ! #( ,$ h"%!$% !$% $)$+ $+! &"% i+ !(+#$ "+ !h$ $#!"% "% &" PPP7

    0. I+#$+!i $ (+ )$+( !' ,( $ !% #! %$ i+ !h$ (%%(+4$ $+! !" $+ %$ !h(! !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% i ,$+#h (%/$ (4(i+ ! $%

    $ i $%'7

    2. O !#" $ "& !h$ PPP (%$ +"% ( ' )%$- $&i+$ ( " !) )(%( $!$% %(!h$% !h(+ !$#h+i#( )$#i&i#(!i"+ &"% ( $! !" ,$ !h" 4h i+i !$#h+i#( )$#i&i#(!i"+ i4h! ,$ i $+!i&i$ 8S #h ( !% #! %$ i $>)$#!$ !" $( $ %"" &"% i++" (!i"+ !$#h+" "4' !%(+ &$% i+ )%"*$#! $>$# !i"+ i ) $ $+!(!i"+ ,' !h

    )%i (!$ $#!"% $+!i!'8

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    +*1 ' P89 ;-7& /*12 7*&1)2&'+ 7 (PPP!>

    P , i#-)%i (!$ )(%!+$% hi)

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    )%i (!$- $#!"% )(%!+$% !%(+ &$% !h$ i+&%( !% #! %$ #" )" ) , i#- $#!"% )(%!+$% .h$+ !h$ $( $ i )8

    • B i -O.+-O)$%(!$

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    Annuity Based BOT models I+ $#!"% )%"*$#! +"! ( $+(, $ &"%i $(, $ #" ! %$#" $%' !h%" 4h $% #h(%4$ ; ".i+4 !" "#i"-)" i!i

    (&&"% (,i i!' #"+ i $%(!i"+ ; #h ( i+ % %( ; %,(+; h$( !$ #(!i"+ $#!"% ; !h$ 4" $%+ $+! h(%+$ $ )%i (!$ $$&&i#i$+#i$ !h%" 4h #"+!%(#! ,( $ "+ ( (i (,i i!' )$%&"% )(' $+! 8 I ) $ $+!i+4 (++ i!' " $ .i %$3 i%$ +$#$ (%&%( $."%/ #"+ i!i"+ ; #h ( )(' $+! 4 (%(+!$$ $#h(+i ,'

    $(+ "& (/i+4 ( (i (, $ !i-'$(% , 4$!(%' ))"%!; ( $ i#(!$& + ; $!!$% "& #%$ i! $!#8 G" $%+ $+! (' #"+ i $% $!!i+

    $)(%(!$ .i+ ". "& ( i !(+#$ &"% $+#" %(4i+4 (++ i!'-,( $ PPP )%"*$#! 8 A (%i(+! "& !hi ())%"(#h #" ,$ !" (/$ ( (%4$% )& )(' $+! < (' 0 "& )%"*$#! #" != %i+4 !h$ #"+ !% #!i"+ )$%i"

    Performance Based Management Maintenance contracts I+ (+$+ i%"+ $+! "& #"+ !%(i+$ $#"+" i# %$ " %#$ ; PPP !h(! i )%"$&&i#i$+#' .i ,$ ( !h$ "%$ %$ $ (+!8 PPP " $ #h )$%&"% (+#$ ,( $ (+(4$ $+! (i+!$+(+#$ #"+!%(#! (%$

    $+#" %(4$ 8 S$#!"% ( $+(, $ &"% #h " $ i+# $ .(!$% (+i!(!i"+; " i .( !$ (+(4$ $+!; %"( (i+!$+(+#$ $!#8

    Modified !esign-Build (Turn"ey) #ontracts$ I+ !%( i!i"+( D$ i4+-B i )(' $+! "+ #" ) $!i"+8 Th$ )%i (%' ,$+$&i! "& DB #"+!%(#! i+#!i $ (+ #" ! ( i+4 ; $&&i#i$+! %i /- h(%i+4 (+ i )%" $ 3 (G" $%+ $+! (' #"+ i $% ( T %+/$' DB ())%"(#h .i!h !h$ )(' $+!

    i+/$ !" (#hi$ $ $+! "& !(+4i, $ i+!$% $ i(!$ #"+ !% #!i"+i $ !"+$

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    CH:5 M21+ 0 = :

    O $% !h$ )( ! $#( $ "% "; "-#( $ ) , i#- )%i (!$ )(%!+$% hi) !$+ i+4 !h$ (,i i!' "& 4" $%+ $+! !" )%" i

    $% i#$ i+ i&&i# ! $#"+" i# 8 A##"% i+4 !" !h$ U8S8 D$)(%! $+!; S #h )(%!+$% hi) h( $ $ $%(4$ !h$ #%$(!ii++" (!i"+; (+ #"%$ , i+$ %$ " %#$ "& )%i (!$ )(%!+$% &"i )(#! "+ 4 ",( i $ 8 T" (!$; !h$ D$)(%! $+! h( ."%/$ .i!h" $% 1;100 )(%!+$% (+ ",i i $ "%$ !h(+ 650 i i"+ i+ ) ,(+ )%i (!$ %$ " %#$ !" ))"%! /$' &"%$i4+ )" i#' ",*$#!ii+# i+4 # i (!$ #h(+4$ i!i4(!i"+; ." $+ $ )".$% $+!;$#"+" i# 4%".!h; (+ h (+ %i4h! 8 Th$ S!(!$ D$)(%! $+! )(%!i#i)(!i"+ i+ PPP %$)%$ $+! "+ ' ( ( )"%!i"+ "& PP."% .i $8

    I+ " ! #" +!%i$ !h$ $ PPP (%%(+4$ $+! h( $ ,$$+ (i $ (" $%#" i+4 ,%"( ) , i# $#!"% #"+ !%(i+! i+ %$ (!i"+ !" $i!h$% ("& ) , i# #()i!( 7 (+ "% ( (#/ "& ) , i# $#!"% #()(#i!'; %$ " %#$

    )$#i( i $ $>)$%!i $ !" $ $ "); (+(4$ (+ ")$%(!$ i+&%( !% #( $! 8 P , i# P%i (!$ P(%!+$% hi) (%$ +". #" "+ ' $ (##$ $%(!$ $#"+" i# 4%".!h; $ $ ") $+! (+ i+&%( !% #! %$ $(+ !" (#hi$ $ 3 ( i!' $% i#$ $ i $%' (+ 4"" 4" $%+(+#$8

    Th$ +$$ &"% PPP i+ (+' #" +!%i$ h( ,$$+ (##$ $%(!$ ,' !h ) , i# $#!"% %$#"4+i!i"+ "& !h$ i!( %" $ "& " $%+ i+&%( !$#"+" i# 4%".!h; (+ PPP (%$ +". (##$)!$ ( (+ i )"%!(+! ( $+ $&"% & + i+4 (*"% ) , i# $#!"% i+&%( !% #! %$ )%"*$#! 8 PP

    $+! %$ i+ .hi#h , i+$ (+ 4" $%+ $+! #"-")$%(!$; $(#h ()) 'i+4i! !%$+4!h !" $ $ ") ( )%"*$#! "%$ 3 i#/ ' (+ "%$ $&&i#i!h(+ 4" $%+ $+! #" (##" ) i h "+ i! ".+8 Th$ )%i (!$ $#!"% (

    ,$ %$ )"+ i, $ &"% !h$ $ i4+i+4; &i+(+#i+4; #"+ !% #!i+4; ".+(+ "% ")$%(!i+4 !h$ $+!i%$ )%"*$#!8

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    Th$ )%i (!$ $#!"% (' .(+! !" ,$ ( %$ !h(! !h$ ) , i#-)%i (!$ )(%!+$% hi) !% #! %$ i $ i4+$ !" )%" i $ #" )$!i!i $ %(!$ "&#" $+ %(!$ .i!h ( &i+(+#i( %(!$ "& %$! %+ !h(! !h$' #" $(%( !$%+(!i $ )%"*$#! "& #" )(%(, $ %i /8

    I+ !h$ #( $ "& !h$ $L$(%+i+4 C(&$ W( h"$ C" +!' Li,%(%i$i # i"+; !h$ Li,%(%' B"(% #" + $ $ i $%$ (+ ")i+i"+ !h

    PPP #" +"! h())$+ ,$#( $ "& ( )$# i(%i!' "& N$ ( ( L(.8

    U+ $% !h$ N$ ( ( R$ i $ S!(! !$

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    CH:3

    T 72' P89 ; P& /*12 P*&1)2&'+ 7 M 02 ' ) I)0 *

    PPP ,%"( ' %$&$% !" "+4 !$% ; #"+!%(#! ( )(%!+$% hi) ,$!.$$+ !h$ ) , i# (+ )%i (!$ $#!"% (4$+#i$ ; )$#i(!(%4$!$ !".(% &i+(+#i+4; $ i4+i+4; i ) $ $+!i+4; (+ ")$%(!i+i+&%( !% #! %$ &(#i i!i$ (+ $% i#$ !h(! .$%$ !%( i!i"+( ' ,' !h$ G" $%+ $+! (+ "% i! (4$+#i$ 8

    Th$ $ #" (,"%(!i $ $+! %$ (%$ , i ! (%" + !h$ $>)$%!i $#()(#i!' "& !h$ )%"*$#! )(%!+$% (+ (%$ ,( $ "+ ( #"+!%(#!(4%$$ $+!; .hi#h $+ %$ ())%")%i(!$ (+ ! ( ' (4%$$ ( "#(!"& %$ " %#$ ; %i / ; (+ %$! %+ 8

    Thi ())%"(#h "& $ $ ")i+4 (+ ")$%(!i+4 ) , i# !i i!i$ (+i+&%( !% #! %$ ,' !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% + $% !$% (+ #"+(4%$$(, $ !" ,"!h !h$ 4" $%+ $+! (+ !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% i #( $ PP

    T 72' PPP:

    S2&/ ;2 C )1&*;1 :

    U+ $% ( $% i#$ #"+!%(#!; !h$ G" $%+ $+!

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    • Th$ )%i (!$ )(%!+$% ! )$%&"% !h$ $% i#$ (! !h$ (4%$$(+ ! !')i#( ' $$! )$%&"% (+#$ !(+ (% $! ,' !h$ ) , i#

    $#!"%8

    • Th$ G" $%+ $+! )(' !h$ )%i (!$ )(%!+$% ( )%$ $!$% i+$ &&"% !h$ $% i#$; .hi#h (' ,$ ( "+$ !i $ &$$; ,( $ "+ +i! #" !;"% " $ "!h$% ,( i 8

    M*)*=2 2)1 C )1&*;1 :

    • A (+(4$ $+! #"+!%(#! $>)(+ !h$ $% i#$ !" ,$ #"+!%(#!$" ! !" i+# $ " $ "% ( "& !h$ (+(4$ $+! (+ ")$%(!i"+ "&!h$ ) , i# $% i#$ )$+ $ (+ %i /8

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    • Th$ %(!i"+ "& !h$ $( i+4 #"+!%(#! i !')i#( ' &"% 10 '$(% (' ,$ %$+$.$ &"% ) !" 20 '$(% 8

    • R$ )"+ i,i i!' &"% $% i#$ )%" i i"+ i !%(+ &$%%$ & ) , i# $#!"% !" !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% (+ !h$ &i+(+#i( %i / ")$%(!i"+ (+ (i+!$+(+#$ i ,"%+$ $+!i%$ ' ,' !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"%")$%(!"%8

    • I+ )(%!i# (%; !h$ ")$%(!"% i %$ )"+ i, $ &"% " $ (+)(i #"+ $% $,! 8

    • L$( $ " +"! i+ " $ (+' ( $ "& ( $! !" !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"%8

    C );2'' )' :

    • A #"+#$ i"+ (/$ !h$ )%i (!$ $#!"% ")$%(!"%

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    108 BOOST (#! ' !h$ ) , i#-)%i (!$ )(%!+$%"% PPP; " $ $+! !(%!$ i+ I+ i(; #"+ i $%i+4 !h(! .$ $ !h$ !$%%(!h$% "" $ '8

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    4" $%+ $+! ( $ +" %$ )"+ i,i i!' "% %i / &"% $>( ) $; H' $%(,( M$!%"; !$ $#" (+ " "+8

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    BIBLIOGRAPHY:

    )))8."% ,(+/8"%4 [ H" $ [ PPP O $% i$.

    $(%#h#i"8!$#h!(%4$!8i+ [ 888 [ M(+(4i+4 !h$ IT , 4$!i+4

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    (, !%(#! 8($!%(+ )"%!8"%4 )()$% ".+ "( i 1 66

    ...8!%$( %'84" !8+789 ;(!i"+ %$ $(%#h- )" i#' 777 2006 06888 068h!88

    http://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.pppinindia.com/Defining-PPP.phphttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.hthttp://www.treasury.govt.nz/publications/research-policy/ppp/2006/06.../06.ht

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    ...8(& 8&% .$, ( h(%$ PORTAILS PAYS 888PPP 888 AFD-F%(+#" 8) &

    ...8i,$&8"%4 ".+ "( P89 ;P& /*12P*&1)2&'+ 7

    (#( $ '8 #8 + )8"%4 GSSDA#( $ ' SIE OL158( )>

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