Figure 14-7 (part 1 of 2) Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Biochemical fractionation of purified mitochondria into separate components

Discussion (III) from Dr. Jen

Figure 14-7 (part 2 of 2) Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Figure 14-1 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Harnessing energy for life—Chemiosmotic coupling

NADH/FADH2化學能 H+電位能 ATP化學能

Q1:

How can you proof that there are membrane-requiring steps (chemiosmotic coupling processes) in the energy transfer between high energy electrons and ATP synthesis in the mitochondria?

(Maximal 5 slides including the title page)

Figure 14-32 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Critical roles of mitochondria in cell metabolism (besides ATP production).

Note: Incomplete oxidative phosphorylation (0.05%) often leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). About 90% of the cell’s O2

- is formed inside mitochondria.

Collapse of mitochondrial Δ eventually leads to cell death.

Q2:

It is well-known that the collapse of mitochondria membrane potential usually leads to cell death. Based on what your have learned from this chapter, give at least 3 reasons to explain this fact and speculate how would the “dying process” proceed?

(Maximal 5 slides including the title page)

Figure 14-56 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

(Mfn 1, Mfn 2, Opa 1)

(Drp 1, Fis 1)

Q3: What are the advantages for mitochondrial fusion/fission?

Figure 14-62 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

The differences in the patterns of inheritance between mitochondrial and nuclear genes of yeast cells.

Mitotic segregation, non-Mendelian or cytoplasmic inheritance

Chloramphenicol:A procaryotic protein synthesis inhibitor

Table 14-3 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Q4: Mitochondria in various organisms use a relatively relaxed codon system. Moreover, mitochondrial genes are inherited by a non-Mendelian mechanism. What could have caused these phenomena, and would mitochondria in different organisms behave differently?

(Maximal 5 slides including the title page)

Figure 14-59 Molecular Biology of the Cell (© Garland Science 2008)

Comparison of mitochondrial genomes.

Q5: What are the consequences (advantages and disadvantages) of having a large or a small genome in the mitochondria?

(Maximal 5 slides including the title page)