6 FEB 06

1

Field Services

6 FEB 06

2

TLO and ELOs

Terminal Learning Objective: Describe the considerations for field service and human resources support

Enabling Learning Objectives:A.Describe the mission, capabilities, and employment of field

services organizations

B.Identify the categories of field services, the employment of elements providing field service support, and units providing quality of life support

C.Identify procedures for determining field service support requirements and planning considerations

D.Describe field service support considerations for offensive, defensive, stability and reconstruction, and civil support operations

6 FEB 06

3

References

Modular Force References• FM-I 4-90.1, Heavy Brigade Combat Team Logistics, 15 March 2005• FM-I 3-90.6, Heavy Brigade Combat Team, 15 March 2005• FM-I 3-90.5, Heavy Brigade Combat Team Combined Arms Battalion, 15 March

2005

Army of Excellence References• AR 638-2, Care and Disposition of Remains and Personal Effects, 22 December

2000 • FM 4-0 (100-10), Combat Service Support, 29 August 2003• FM 10-1, Quartermaster Principles, 11 August 94• FM 10-23, Basic Doctrine for Army Field Feeding and Class I Operations

Management, 18 April 96• FM 10-64, Mortuary Affairs Operations, 16 February 1999• JTTP 4-06, Joint Tactics, Techniques and Procedures for Mortuary Affairs in • Joint Operations, 28 August 1996 (www.dtic.mil/doctrine)• FM10-450-4 Multi-service Helicopter Slingload Operations, 1 April 2002• FM 4-20.41 Aerial Delivery in a Theater of Operations, 29 October 2003• FM 42-414 Direct Support Field Service Company Operations, 3 September 2003

6 FEB 06

4

Outline

• What are Field Services

• Field Feeding

• Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair

• Mortuary Affairs

• Aerial Resupply

• Planners, Managers, and Organizations

• Supporting Offense, Defense, Reconstitution and Stability and Civil Support Operations

6 FEB 06

5

Field Services

Field services are essential to enhance a Soldier's quality of life during operations.

Field Services Include: • Field Feeding

• Shower, Laundry and Clothing Repair

• Mortuary affairs

• Preparation for aerial delivery

• Water production (covered with fuel instruction)

6 FEB 06

6

Field Feeding

6 FEB 06

7

Army Field Feeding Operations

• Unit Commanders’ responsibility

• Standard is three quality meals/day

• Rations are packaged as individual or group meals

• Feeding schedules are based on established operations orders and timelines

6 FEB 06

8

Field Feeding

• The field feeding system assumes CORPS and DIV wide use of the MRE

• The theater transitions from the MREs to unitized group rations (UGR) after approximately 30 days

• UGR-A (fresh foods) during extended deployments of 90+ days

• 21-Day contingency operations (CONOPS) menu when deployed beyond 180 days

• Food service support will be required for attached units

6 FEB 06

9

Field FeedingSustainment BaseCorps

DIV

SUST

X

BSB

II

IFSC

II

SUST

X

BTB

II

IHHC

IHHC

BTB

II

IHHC

BTB

II

IHHC

Containerized Kitchen

Assault Kitchen

Kitchen Company Level Field Feeding Enhanced (KCLFF-E)

HHC, BSB PROVIDED FIELD FEEDINGFOR THE BSB

6 FEB 06

10

Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair

12-Head Shower Unit LAUNDRY ADVANCEDSYSTEM (LADS)

Showers

6 FEB 06

11

Shower, Laundry, and Clothing Repair (SLCR)

• There are no SLCR support assets organic to the HBCT

• The QM Field Services Company, DIV/Corps Sustainment Brigades provides tactical SLCR services

• Shower and Laundry Goal: Provide weekly shower and launder up to 15 pounds of clothes a week

• Modular design: 6 SLCR sections each support 3,500 Soldiers (Total of 21,000 Soldiers a week)

• Must consider the additional water requirement resulting from SLCR use (15-20,000 gal/day)

– Laundry Advanced System (LADS) uses approximately 500 gal/day

6 FEB 06

12

Mortuary Affairs

6 FEB 06

13

Mortuary Affairs Program

• Current Death– Operates worldwide in peacetime, may continue in mass

fatality events/low intensity conflict– Provides mortuary supplies and services for permanent

disposition of remains

• Concurrent Return– Preferred method of handling remains during conflicts– Provides for search, recovery, evacuation, tentative ID,

mortuary services, and shipment to final destination

• Graves Registration– Activated only upon approval of the Geographic Combatant

Commander– Provides for search, recovery, tentative ID, and, as a last

resort, temporary internment in theater

Divided into three distinct sub-programs:

6 FEB 06

14

Mortuary Affairs Sub-Programs

CurrentDeath

ConcurrentReturn

GravesRegistration

Place ofDeath

PADD

Hospital

CONUSMortuary

Mortuary

• Local Contract for CONUS Personnel• No PE Depot

Place ofDeath

CollectionPoint

TMEP PADDCONUS

POEMortuary

Place ofDeath

CollectionPoint

Temp.Interment

• No Embalming

6 FEB 06

15

- During temporary interment, 2 theater evac platoons become 2 interment platoons

- PE Depot may be detached and employed in theater or at port of entry mortuary

CO HQ

CollectionPlatoon

CollectionSection

Theater Evac/Mortuary/Cem Plt

Processing Sec Evacuation Sec

PE DepotPlatoon

Receiving Sec

Storage Sec

Disposition Sec

Mortuary Affairs Company

6 FEB 06

16

Mortuary Affairs Collection Company

• Collection Platoons will be attached to the DIV Sustainment Brigade.

• The platoon will attach collection sections to the BSB of each BCT.

• Each section has refrigeration capability.

• Each section capable ofprocessing up to 20remains per day.

COLL PLTCOLL PLTMAINMAIN

RECEIVINGRECEIVING SHIPPINGSHIPPING

COLL PLTCOLL PLTFORWARDFORWARD

COLL SECCOLL SEC

CO HQCO HQ

6 FEB 06

17

A mortuary affairs team from the sustainment brigade provides mortuary affairs support to the HBCT.

Support from a Mortuary Affairs Team• The HBCT is dependent on augmentation for collection,

processing and evacuation. The team operates from the BSA and is responsible for processing remains.

• The team has no transportation capabilities and coordinates with the support operations officer for evacuation back to the theater mortuary evacuation point (TMEP).

• Internal to the HBCT, handling teams are pre-designated at the battalion level and operate in the combat trains.

NOTE: It is the maneuver battalion FSC’s responsibility to evacuate remains from the combat trains to the BSA

6 FEB 06

18

Mortuary Affairs Site Selection

• Accessible to a good road network (MSR)

• In close proximity, but not in view of the CSH

• Reasonably removed from Class I/Water point

• Accessible to rotarywing aircraft (LZ)

• Concealed fromcasual view

• Sanitation facilitiesavailable

• SECURETAJI, IRAQ

6 FEB 06

19

Forward MA Collection Point

MISSION: Conduct limited search and evacuation operations of deceased U.S. Military, certain U.S. civilian and Allied personnel. Receive, inventory, and coordinate evacuation of Personal Effects (PE) with remains.

• 1 FWD CP Assigned Per BDE SPT BN

• Assigned MA Collection Company

• 6 Personnel Per MACP working 2 – 12 Hour Shifts

• Process approximately 20 Remains / 24 Hours

• Requires Life Support, Medical and Maintenance Support from Supported Unit

• Equipment:

1 – 20’ Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted

1 – 5-Ton Tractor

1 – 5-Ton Cargo Truck

1 – 400 Gallon Water Trailer

2 – Tents

6 FEB 06

20

Main MA Collection Point

• 1 Main CP Assigned per CORPS

• Assigned from the CORPS MA Collection Company

• Requires Life Support, Medical and Maintenance Support from Supported Unit

• Major Equipment:– 1 – HMMWV– 5 – 20’ Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted– 5 – 5-Ton Tractor– 2 – 2 1/2 -Ton Cargo Truck– 2 – R/T Forklift

MISSION: Establish, operate, and maintain a CORPS Main Collection Point that receives remains and Personal Effects (PE) from the Forward Collection Points.

6 FEB 06

21

Theater Mortuary Evacuation Point(TMEP)

MISSION: Establish, operate, and maintain a Theater Mortuary Evacuation Point (Concurrent Return) or Temporary Interment sites in Theater (Graves Registration).

• 2 Platoons from the QM MA CO (EAC)

• Assigned to a Theater Sustainment Command

• Each Platoon can Process 250 Remains / 24 Hours

• Requires UCMJ, Life Support, Medical and Maintenance Support from Supported Unit

• Major Equipment (Dependent upon Theater Resources):2 – HMMWV

3 – 20’ Refrigeration Van, Trailer Mounted

3 – 5-Ton Tractor

2 – 2 1/2 -Ton Cargo Truck (LMTV)

1 – R/T Forklift

1 – 400 Gallon Water Trailer TMEP

6 FEB 06

22

Mortuary Affairs NCO, SPO Supply and Services Cell

• Advises the BSB commander

• Coordinates MA operations

• Trains the brigade and BSB units and personnel

• Establishes the mortuary affairs collection point in the BSA

• Coordinates for augmentation

• Maintains files

• Plans and coordinates escort of remains

6 FEB 06

23

Mortuary Affairs Support Operations

• At unit level, remains are tentatively identified and evacuated to the Battalion Aid Station for medical verification

• Unit commanders are responsible for initial search, recovery, identification, and evacuation of remains to the MACP. (The FSC distribution platoon evacuates remains to the BCT MACP.)

• The sustainment BDE MA Co deploys a MA platoon forward to the DIV. The MA platoon then sends a MA collection section to the BSB.

• The MACP provides temporary storage of remains and personal effects (PE) before evacuating the remains and their accompanying PE to a MACP sustainment BDE or the TMEP.

6 FEB 06

24

Mortuary Affairs Evacuation

• Vehicles bringing supplies (except Class I) to the BSA evacuate remains from the BSA collection point as a backhaul mission or by throughput to the sustainment brigade collection company

• Evacuation of remains from the HBCT to DIV mortuary affairs collection point or theater mortuary evacuation point (TMEP)

• The recommended method of evacuation of remains is air evacuation (fixed or rotary wing) in coordination with the BSB support operations and DIV G3 air.

• Applying the throughput concept, remains may be evacuated directly to the rear for shipment to the port of embarkation (POE) mortuary.

6 FEB 06

25

Sustainment Base

Corps

DIV

SUST

X

BSB

II

IFSC

XX

TSC

II

SUST

X

CONUS

MA

MA

MA

AIR

Mortuary Affairs Remains Flow

TMEP

6 FEB 06

26

OIF & OEF MA Locations

Kandahar

Baghram

Baghdad

Tikrit

Mosul

Camp Wolf

Balad

Al Asad

TMEP

6 FEB 06

27

Theater Evacuation

TMEP

6 FEB 06

28

Aerial Resupply

6 FEB 06

29

Aerial Resupply Operations

Methods of Aerial Delivery:

• Airdrop Operations

• Sling load Operations

• Airland Operations

• The HBCT has no aerial delivery capability

• Air Force airlift and Army aviation assets may supplement the HBCT’s transportation capability

• When supply routes become severely disrupted, the use of aerial delivery may be necessary

• Units must be prepared to receive both air-dropped and sling-loaded supplies

• BSB SPO must coordinate for the backhaul for aerial delivery equipment (sling sets, parachutes, platforms, etc.)

6 FEB 06

30

SLINGLOAD OPERATIONSSLINGLOAD OPERATIONS

AIRLAND OPERATIONSAIRLAND OPERATIONS

AIRDROP OPERATIONSAIRDROP OPERATIONS

Methods of Aerial Resupply

6 FEB 06

31

Airdrop Operations

Airdrop Operations– High Velocity - Can be used to drop

subsistence, packaged POL and ammunition.

Parachute has enough drag to hold the load in

an upright position. Rate of descent is 70-90 feet

per second.

– Low Velocity - Used for fragile material such

as vehicles or artillery pieces. Items are rigged

on a airdrop platform or in an airdrop container.

Rate of descent is approximately 28 feet per

second.

– Free Drop - Used to drop barrier material,

PSYOPS material, rations or other non-

breakable items. No parachute or retarding

device is used for free drop. Rate of descent for

free drop is 130 to 150 feet per second.

6 FEB 06

32

Airland Operations

• Requires an operational and secure airfield/field landing strip, material handling equipment (MHE) and fuel storage containers when using “Bladder Birds.”

• Can load 6 - 463L pallets on a C130, 13 - 463L pallets on a C141, and 18 - 463L pallets on a C17.

• C130 “Bladder Birds” can provide 6,000 gallons of fuel (2,400 peacetime, and C141 “Bladder Birds” can provide 9,000 gallons

6 FEB 06

33

Slingload Operations

• Relies on recovery of assets

• Pinpoint supplies on the ground

• Versatile, priorities can be shifted easily

• Load depends on the aircraft – (CH-47 vs. UH-60)

• Maximize backhaul

• Uses Army aviation assets

• Must have trained personnel– SLICC, Pathfinder, Air Assault

6 FEB 06

34

Aerial Resupply OperationsAdvantages include: • Permitting throughput of supplies from Sustainment Brigades to

using units, even if the unit is in an unreachable area

• Reduces the need for forward airfields or landing zones

• Permits greater dispersion of ground tactical forces

• Reduces delivery time (travel time only)

• Provides a shorter turnaround time than ground combat logistics patrols

Disadvantages include: • Vulnerability to enemy aircraft & ground fire

• Fewer supplies & equipment that can be carried

• The need for specialty trained rigging and drop zone personnel

• The impact of adverse weather on delivery capabilities and accuracy

• The impact of aircraft availability and operational readiness rates

6 FEB 06

35

Sustainment Base

Corps

DIV

SUST

X

BSB

II

XX

TSC

II

SUST

X

AIR

BDE S4X

BDE S3BAE

IFSC

2

3BSA

DIV

XX

G3

4CAB

X

Corps

XXX

G3 5

9

1

Aerial Resupply Request Procedures(Army Air)

CAB

X

6 FEB 06

36

Planning Considerations

• Replacement of authorized personnel,equipment and supplies

• Requirements determination

• Status of supportsites

• Supportrelationships

• Site locations

6 FEB 06

37

Field Service Branch, Support Operations Sustainment Brigade

KEYTASKS

CSSAMO

CONTRACTING

HNSUPPORT

FIELDSVCS MEDICAL

SERVICESDIVISION

• Exercises staff supervision

• Development field services policies and programs

• Conduct Combat Service Support (CSS) planning for field svc’s  

• Conducts ongoing analysis of services capabilities and requirements in coordination with the Supply Division

• Assists in determining appropriate positioning of field services assets to support customer units for logistic tracking

O3 MORTUARY AFFAIRS OFF 92A4VCW3 SR AIRDROP SYS TECH 921AE7 FIELD SVCS NCO 92S40E6 MORTUARY AFFAIRS NCO 92M30 E6 FIELD SVCS NCO 92S30

6 FEB 06

38

Sustainment Brigade

CSSBCSSBCSSBCSSBCSSBCSSB

SUS

BTB

HHC SIG

CSSB

FIN HR AMMO TRANS MAINT S&S

Mission: Plan, coordinate, synchronize, monitor, and control logistics operations within assigned AO. Coordinates Host Nation Support (HNS) and contracting. Provide support to joint, interagency, and multinational forces as directed.

HHC

MED BDE

Assigned Attached

AttachedAssigned

6 FEB 06

39

BSB SPO: Supply and Services Cell

MaintCell

TransMgt Cell

ContractCell

BSBSPO

AmmoCell

KEYTASKS

HHS Cell

• Forecast, coordinate, and monitor the field services

• Conduct logistics preparation of the battlefield

• Provide technical expertise on field services

• Coordinates the evacuation of remains

• Supervises the mortuary affairs (MA) NCO

Sup & SvcCell

6 FEB 06

40

FSC(MNV)

MAINT

......

MCS/HQS

MAINTSECTION

RECOVSECT

ARMORFMT

MECHFMT

ENGRFMT

....

....

....

....

....

....

DISTRO

HQS

GENSUPPLY

WATER

CL V

....

....

....

....

......

FIELDFEEDING

....

HQ

....

Heavy Brigade Combat Team(Organic Log Support)

230 (x2)230 (x2)

X

BTB BSB

HHC

Distro

Maint

Med

FSC(ARS)

FSC(FIRES)

132132

8181

7777

171171

7777

143143

137137

Mission: The FSC is a multifunctional unit organized to perform distribution of all classes of supply, minus medical, to its supported battalion.

FSC(MNV)

FSC(MNV)

6 FEB 06

41

Supporting Offense, Defense, Reconstruction and Stability and Civil Support Operations

6 FEB 06

42

Supporting Offensive Operations

• Most field services suspended

• Plan future field service operations • Integrate field service operations with the tactical plan

• Plan triggers for activating/deactivating points

• Coordinate the locations, displacements, and routes of sustainment

• Use field service assets to overcome other CSS shortfalls

6 FEB 06

43

Supporting Defensive Operations

• Avoid patterns

• Location of field service sites and units

• Movement

• Terrain

• Periodically move field service units

• Cover and concealment

• Engineer and Medical support may be required

6 FEB 06

44

Supporting Reconstruction and Stability Operations

• Initially Army field services capability used extensively

• Transition to contractor and/or HNS

• Possible Joint, Multinational, and Interagency support requirement

6 FEB 06

45

Supporting Civil Support Operations

• Army may not be lead agent

• Initially Army field services used extensively

• Transition to contractor depending on the duration of the operation

• Possible Joint and Interagency support requirement

6 FEB 06

46

Questions

and Lessons Learned

Discussion

Let’s Review