Feudalism and the Tudors

7/28/2019 Feudalism and the Tudors

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Feudalism

Feudalism was introduced in England in 1066 following the Battle

of Hastings and the Norman Conquest.

Became a way of life in Medieval

England and remained for many

centuries.

William the Conqueror who was crowned King William I of

England .


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All land was owned by the King.

The feudal system was a way of government based on

obligations between the lord or king and vassal.


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The knights served the barons and the peasants

served the knights.


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Barons : They were known as the Lord of

the Manor and were in complete control of

this land

King = had complete control in the

feudal system, he owned land and

leased them out to Lords.

They had to serve on the royal council,

pay rent and provide the King with Knights

for military service when he demanded it.


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Knights were given land by a Baron in return for military

service when demanded by the King. They also had to

protect the Baron and his family, as well as the Manor,

from attack.

The Knights kept as much of the land as they wished fortheir own personal use and distributed the rest to villeins

(serfs). Although not as rich as the Barons, Knights were

quite wealthy.

The knights divided their

land up and gave it to the

peasants who had to pay

taxes.


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The land in England was claimed and divided : (about 20% ),the church (about 25%) and the remainder of English land

was given to Norman soldiers and nobles (barons)

Medieval Serfs worked for his lord's

land and paid him certain dues in return

for the use of land, the possession (not

the ownership) of which was heritable.

When the land changed owners the

peasants were obliged to work for the

new owners - the Normans.


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The Peasants or Serfs:

Everything they owned, their food, homes,

and animals all belonged to the lord ofthemanor

To gain freedom a peasant had to save

money for his own land or marry a free

person.

They were given land by Knights.

They had to provide the Knight with free labour, food and

service whenever it was demanded.

They had no rights,were not allowed to leave the Manorand had to ask their Lord's permission before they could

marry, they were poor.


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Taxes were not paid in money.

They were paid in products and services.

At harvest time, the vassals gave shares of their crops to thelords.

When animals were killed for food, part of the meat was

given to the lords. The lords promised to give protection,

peace, and safety to their vassals.
http://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/harvesthttp://simple.wiktionary.org/wiki/harvest


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The Decline of Feudalism

The Crusades and travel during the Middle

Ages opened new trade options to England.

The Black Death - this reduced the population

of England by one third.

The Peasants Revolt - Peasants realised their worth

and demanded changes. For the first time peasants

had joined together in order to achieve political

change.

From the 12th century onward feudalism came

under attack from various rival forces.


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The towns, growing in economic power and even forming their

own militias, was able to a large extent to impose their own

concepts about society against those of the knights.

Finally, the manorial system, the

material basis of the knightly class, in

the 12th and 13th centuries underwent a

deep economic crisis.

More trade saw the growth of more

towns


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Peasants moved away from the country into towns they were

eventually allowed to buy their freedom.

Land was rented and the rights

of lords over labour decreased

rich nobles were allowed to pay for soldiers

rather than to fight themselves.


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At the end of the Middle Ages King Henry VIII

clashed with the Pope and England subsequently

broke with the Catholic church of Rome and the

power of the Pope

Life changed and Mercenaries were hired from all

over Europe.

The Mercenaries had few allegiances, except

to money, and these paid fighting men were

feared throughout Europe.


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THE TUDORS


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The Tudor was a family dynasty

which ruled England from 1485-1603. During its period under

the rule of the House of Tudor,

England underwent a

substantial number of political,

economic, social, and religious

reforms which dramatically

altered the future of the country

and its people. Two of England's

most well-known monarchs

were members of the Tudor

Dynasty: Henry VIII and his

daughter Elizabeth I.


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HENRY VII

He was King of England and

Lord of Ireland from his seizingthe crown on 22 August 1485

until his death on 21 April

1509, as the first monarch of

the House of Tudor.


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HENRY

VIII

He was King of England from

21 April 1509 until his death. He

was Lord, and later King, of

Ireland, as well as continuing

the nominal claim by the

English monarchs to theKingdom of France. Henry was

the second monarch of the

Tudor dynasty, succeeding his

father, Henry VII.


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ELIZABETH I

Elizabeth I (known simply as

"Elizabeth" until the accession of

Elizabeth II; 7 September 1533 24 March 1603) was queen

regnant of England and Ireland

from 17 November 1558 until

her death. Sometimes called

"The Virgin Queen", "Gloriana"

or "Good Queen Bess",

Elizabeth was the fifth and last

monarch of the Tudor dynasty.


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Feudalism and the Tudors

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