Federal Controlled Vocabularies Data Architecture Sub-Committee (DAS) April 8, 2010 Brand K....
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Transcript of Federal Controlled Vocabularies Data Architecture Sub-Committee (DAS) April 8, 2010 Brand K....
Federal Controlled VocabulariesData Architecture Sub-Committee (DAS)
April 8, 2010
Brand K. Niemann
Federal Controlled Vocabularies
• What Are They• Examples• Discussion
Why a Controlled Vocabulary?Improve effectiveness of information storage and retrieval systems
Knowledge workers spend 25-35% of their time searching for information with 50% success1
• The need for vocabulary control arises from two basic features of natural language, namely:• Two or more words or terms can be used to represent a
single concept• Example: salinity/saltiness VHF/Very High Frequency
• Two or more words that have the same spelling can represent different concepts• Example: Mercury (planet) Mercury (metal) Mercury (automobile)
Mercury (mythical being)
• Tutorial http://www.slis.kent.edu/~mzeng/Z3919/1need.htm
1 Working Council of CIOs, Business Wire, Feb 27 2001
Controlled Vocabulary
Synonym Ring
Authority File
Taxonomy
Thesaurus
+ Words with same meaning in a given context
+ Preferred Terms (USE)
+ Broader (BT) and Narrower Terms (NT)
+ Related Terms (RT) {BT, NT, USE}
List Set of terms arranged in logical way
Increasing structural and semantic complexity
Why and when to use: http://www.slis.kent.edu/~mzeng/Z3919/6pro&con.htm
Dimension and Context
Controlled Vocabulary: Dimension and Context
Synonym Ring
Authority File
Taxonomy
Thesaurus
+ Words with same meaning in a given context
+ Preferred Terms (USE)
+ Broader (BT) and Narrower Terms (NT)
+ Related Terms (RT) {BT, NT, USE}
List Set of terms arranged in logical way
Increasing structural and semantic complexity
Dimension and Context (not a definitive list)
Organization human resources, marketing, accounting, etc.
FunctionType
employment, staffing, training, etc.
Subject water pollution, soil pollution, air pollution, etc.
Identify a document or database for a data catalog (data.gov, data.gov.uk, etc.)
Consistent vocabulary for describing database or documentdcat and related, Dublin Core, SKOS, FOAF1
Identify a data Item Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)Uniform Resource Indicator (URI)
Identify a data Element Patient Person First NameISO/IEC 11179-5/UDEF
Relate a Resource
Relate a Vocabulary
1 http://richard.cyganiak.de/2010/03/dcat-for-egov-ig.pdf
Controlled Vocabulary ExamplesAgency--Context--Dimension
DOD-Center for Army Lessons LearnedIntended Purpose: Organization of equipment supporting the business--Function (Also by Type)
NASA-NASA ThesaurusIntended Purpose: Organization of equipment supporting the business--Type
EPA-Data Classes and AreasIntended Purpose: Organization of subject areas supporting the business--Subject
IRS-IRS Tax Map Intended Purpose: Organization of topics for answering questions---Subject
Synonyms and Word Equivalent
Radio - Radio Detection and Ranging
Telescope -scope
Manned Lunar Space Vehicle - Apollo 11 Mission
Waste - Run-off
Amended Tax Return-1040X
Authority File Radio Detection Finding - (USE) Radio
Scope(USE) Telescope
Run-off(USE) Waste
Employment Income(USE) Wages and Salary
Taxonomy+ Broader (BT) and Narrower Terms (NT){BT, NT, USE, UF}
(BT) Radar (by function)(NT) aircraft radars(NT) airport radar systems(NT) Ground Based Radar(NT) imaging radar(NT) meteorological radar(NT) missile site radar(NT) search radar(NT) terrain analysis radar
(BT) Instruments(NT) Accelerometers(NT) Acoustic Sensors(NT) etc..(NT) Telescopes (NT) Optical telescopes (NT) Radio telescopes
(BT) Substances(NT) Chemicals(NT) Biological(NT) Contaminants(NT) Wastes(NT) Radiation(NT) Commercial Products
(BT) Tax Topics(NT) IRS Help(NT) IRS Procedures(NT) Collection(NT) Alternative Filing Methods(NT) General Information(NT) Which Forms to Use
Thesaurus+ Related Terms (RT)
(BT) Radar(RT) AN/MPQ-65(RT) AN/MPQ-65 Radar set(RT) navigation (RT) instruments(RT) noise (radar)(RT) radar scattering
(BT) Radio Telescopes(RT) Microwaves (High Energy Radio Telescope)
(BT) Wastes(RT) Garbage(RT) Refuse(RT) Biosolids(RT) Pollution Control Facilities
(BT) Itemized Deductions(NT) Should I Itemize?(ET) Publication 501 (RT) Tax Topic 551Publication 501 - (ET) Exemptions, Standard Deduction, and Filing Information
Discussion Topics and General Considerations
1. Sources for Federal Controlled Vocabularies considerations
2. Relate vocabularies across domain considerations – Move from levels of concreteness to abstractness– Understand similarity between domains and
differences between domains– Require consistency
3. Your input
Language Universals and Linguistic Typology, Comrie, 1989(Survey of World languages for comparison and classification)
ResourcesGuidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies
9
Related Efforts 10
Federal CV Efforts 11
Display Types 12
Automated Example 13
Ontology Spectrum 14
Sample Tools 15
Guidelines
• ANSI/NISO Z39.19 - Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies– http://www.niso.org/kst/reports/standards?
step=2&gid=&project_key=7cc9b583cb5a62e8c15d3099e0bb46bbae9cf38a
Related EffortsUniversal Data Element Framework (UDEF)
Controlled vocabulary for naming data elements based on ISO/IEC 11179-5.http://www.opengroup.org/udef/
Digital Express Research Institute (DERI) Data catalog (dcat) vocabulary
RDF Vocabulary for exchange of data catalogs, such as data.gov and data.gov.uk (early draft)
http://vocab.deri.ie/dcatUniversal Core (UCORE) Agreed upon representations for
most commonly shared and understood elements.https://ucore.gov/ucore/
NIEM IEPD Agreed upon exchange for area of shared interest.http://www.niem.gov/
etc
Federal CV Efforts
• USAF Vocabulary OneSource• https://gcic.af.mil/OneSource/welcome.aspx
• CENDI September 11, 2008 Workshop New Dimensions in Knowledge Organization Systems
• http://cendiwiki.wik.is/2008_September_11
• SKOS for the DoD Metadata Registry @ https://metadata.dod.mil/mdr/documents/DoDMWG/2010/01/2010-01-13_SKOS.ppt
• Taxonomy Tuesday• http://semanticommunity.wik.is/Taxonomy_Tuesday
• VoCampDCMay 2009• http://vocamp.org/wiki/VoCampDCMay2009
• etc
Display Types
More Types: http://www.slis.kent.edu/~mzeng/Z3919/53display.htm
Automated Example
Controlled Vocabulary
Controlled Vocabulary
Courtesy of Leo Obrst, Mitre Corporation
Sample Tools