Families of the Periodic Table
description
Transcript of Families of the Periodic Table
![Page 1: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Families of the Periodic Table
![Page 2: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
The Periodic Table
![Page 3: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Families of the Periodic Table:At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:
1. Name each region of the Periodic Table2. Name each family of the Periodic Table3. List at least 3 characteristics of each family
of the Periodic Table
![Page 4: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Have you ever noticed that you tend to be attracted to someone kind of like you??
![Page 5: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Periods in the Periodic Table
1234567
![Page 6: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Regions of the Periodic Table
![Page 7: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
MetalsExtra electronsConductiveMalleable
DenseShinyDuctile
![Page 8: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
MetalloidsPartly Conductive
![Page 9: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Non-MetalsMissing ElectronsNon-ConductiveNot MalleableDull
![Page 10: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Groups in the Periodic Table
Elements in groups (families) react in similar ways!
![Page 11: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
15 Helpful Hints On The Lab Report from
Mr. T’s Vast Lab Experience!!!
Hint #14. No experiment is ever a complete failure, it can always serve as a bad example.
![Page 12: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Hydrogen
ElementsGas:
Hydrogen
![Page 13: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Hydrogen (cont.)
Characteristics Low density Low melting point Non-metal qualities: brittle, non-conductor,
dull
Reacts w/ halogens to form acids Reacts w/ oxygen to form water
![Page 14: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Group 1A: Alkali Metals
Cutting sodium metal
Reaction of potassium + H2O
![Page 15: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Alkali Metals
ElementsSolids:
LithiumPotassiumSodiumRubidiumCesiumFrancium
![Page 16: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Alkali Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Soft Dull silver color Low density Low melting point Metal qualities: shiny, good conductor,
malleable, ductile
Reacts w/ halogens to form salts Reacts w/ water to form strong alkaline
hydroxides
![Page 17: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Magnesium
Magnesium oxide
Group 2A: Alkaline Earth Metals
![Page 19: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Alkaline Earth Metals
ElementsSolids
BerylliumMagnesiumCalciumStrontiumBariumRadium
![Page 20: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Alkaline Earth Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Soft Shiny silver color Low density Found naturally as compounds Metal qualities: shiny, good conductor,
malleable, ductile
Glow different colors Reacts w/ halogens to form ionic salts
![Page 21: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Transition Elements
Lanthanides and Actinides
(Inner Transitions)Iron in air gives iron(III) oxide
![Page 22: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Transition Metals
ElementsSolids
All “D-block” elementsAtomic numbers 21-30
39-4857, 72-8089, 104-112
![Page 23: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Transition Metals (cont.)
Characteristics High density High melting / boiling point Good catalysts Metal qualities: shiny, good conductor,
malleable, ductile
Hard, tough & strong Silvery blue at room temperature Multiple oxidation states
![Page 24: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Design a Hypothesis
![Page 25: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Post-Transition Metals
ElementsSolids
AluminumGalliumIndiumTinThalliumLeadBismuthPolonium
![Page 26: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Post Transition Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Relatively high density Salts Solids Metal qualities: shiny, good conductor,
malleable, ductile Not as reactive
Opaque color Malleable Oxidation numbers +3, +4, +5
![Page 27: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Metalloids
ElementsSolids
BoronSiliconGermaniumArsenicAntimonyTellurium
![Page 28: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Metalloids (cont.)
Characteristics Some shiny Some dull Some malleable, some not
Some ductile, some not Has properties of both metals and nonmetals Various oxidation numbers
![Page 29: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Other Non-Metals
Gases(Hydrogen)NitrogenOxygen
SolidsPhosphorusSulfurSeleniumCarbon
![Page 30: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Other Non-Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Non-metal qualities: dull, brittle, non-
conductor, etc. High ionization energy
High electronegativity Gain electrons easily Various oxidation numbers
![Page 31: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
![Page 32: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Group 7A: The Halogens (salt makers)
F, Cl, Br, I, At
![Page 33: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Halogens
SolidsIodineAstatine
LiquidsBromine
GasesFluorineChlorine
![Page 34: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Halogens (cont.)
Characteristics
Only group with all 3 states of matter Highly reactive w/ alkali metals & alkaline earth
metals High electronegativity Non-metal qualities: dull, brittle, non-conductor,
etc.
![Page 35: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Noble (inert) Gases Group #8 atomsP Shell Full Very Non-reactive Very Happy
![Page 36: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Group 8A: The Noble (Inert) Gases
He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn
Lighter than air balloons
“Neon” signs Very nonreactive
because they have full electron levels
XeOF4
![Page 37: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Noble Gases
ElementsGases
HeliumNeonArgonKryptonXenonRadon
![Page 38: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Noble Gases (cont.)
Characteristics
Non-reactive Odorless Tasteless Colorless Nonflammable
Non-metal qualities: dull, brittle, non-conductor, etc.
![Page 39: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Inner Transition Metals
ElementsSolids
All “F-block” elementsAtomic numbers 58-71
90-103
![Page 40: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Inner Transition Metals (cont.)
Characteristics Most are manmade High melting points Metal qualities: shiny, good conductor,
malleable, ductile
Reactivity varies Usually bonded to
non-metals AKA: lanthanides &
actinides
![Page 41: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
New Elements
Elements
Atomic numbers 113 and on
![Page 42: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
New Elements
Characteristics All are manmade Some will have metal qualities: shiny, good
conductor, malleable, ductile
Some will have non-metal qualities: dull, brittle, non-conductor, etc.
Some will have qualities of both
![Page 43: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Periodic Table Sing Along(sing to Battle Hymn of the
Republic)• Mine eyes have seen the glory of the periodic chart• With its periods and columns it's a piece of genius art.• First he sorted by atomic mass,
• t'was Mendeleev's first feat.• A search to organize.Chorus:• Periods - they go across, Families - they do go down• Groups are also known as columns,
• The Periodic Chart!
![Page 44: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Periodic Table Sing Along(sing to Battle Hymn of the
Republic)• Some groups are given family names like
• 1, 2, 7 and 8• Alkali metals, reactive ones are on the far, far left.• Group 2 has the name of alkaline earth.
• They're metals all the way.• These families act alike.Chorus:• Periods - they go across, Families - they do go down• Groups are also known as columns,
• the Periodic Chart!
![Page 45: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Periodic Table Sing Along(sing to Battle Hymn of the
Republic)• The halogens, group 7 are a non-metallic clan• Group 8 seeks to be alone, acting as noble as they can• The transition, in the middle the most useful
• atoms known• Form colored compounds too.Chorus:• Periods - they go across, Families - they do go down• Groups are also known as columns,
• the Periodic Chart
![Page 46: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Families of the Periodic Table:Let’s see if you can:
1. Name each region of the Periodic Table2. Name each family of the Periodic Table3. List at least 3 characteristics of each family
of the Periodic Table
![Page 47: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Get Your Clicker!!!
![Page 48: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Which pair of elements is MOST similar? Ca and F
Na and Cl
Ne and Ar
Li and H
![Page 49: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Copper is an element that is used in electrical wires. What is the smallest unit of copper that still maintains the characteristics of copper?
the atom the electron the nucleus the proton
![Page 50: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
The picture below shows three objects that can be classified in the same group. Which of the following statements is true for all three of these objects?
They are metals. They rust rapidly. They weigh the same.
They are the same color.
![Page 51: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
You will be given a blank Periodic Table. List as many families as you can remember with your family and list one characteristic for each.
![Page 52: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Period
Group
Alkali M
etal
Noble G
as
Halogen
Alkali E
arth Metal
2.4
![Page 53: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Which of the elements is the metalloid?
20% 20% 20%20%20%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1. Aluminum2. Silicon3. Chlorine4. Magnesium5. Sulfur
![Page 54: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Rubidium (n=37) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22
![Page 55: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
Europium (n=63) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22
![Page 56: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
Nitrogen (n=7) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22
![Page 57: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Bismuth (n=83) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22
![Page 58: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Iron (n=26) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0%
88%
0% 0%
13%
0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
![Page 59: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Arsenic (n=33) is in what family of the periodic table?
0%
6%
0% 0%
19%
63%
0%
6%6%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
![Page 60: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Krypton (n=36) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0% 0%
13%
0%
81%
0%
6%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
![Page 61: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Barium (n=56) is in what family of the periodic table?
6%
94%
0% 0% 0%0%0%0%0%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
![Page 62: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Iodine (n=53) is in what family of the periodic table?
0% 0% 0%
6%
0%0%
6%
69%
19%
1. Alkali Metals2. Alkaline Earth Metals3. Transition Metals4. Inner Transition Metals5. Post Transition Metals6. Halogens7. Noble Gases8. Metalloids9. Other Nonmetals
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
![Page 63: Families of the Periodic Table](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062520/5681635d550346895dd42a7c/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
The End!!!