Families of Elements

Alkali Metals

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron• Most reactive metals

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron• Most reactive metals• Low melting and boiling points make them soft

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron• Most reactive metals• Low melting and boiling points make them soft• Not found in their pure state in nature

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron• Most reactive metals• Low melting and boiling points make them soft• Not found in their pure state in nature• React with water to form basic (alkaline)

solutions

Alkali Metals

• Group 1 on the periodic table• One valence electron• Most reactive metals• Low melting and boiling points make them soft• Not found in their pure state in nature• React with water to form basic (alkaline)

solutions• Compounds are white, solutions are colorless

Alkaline Earth Metals

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1• Higher melting and boiling points than group 1

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1• Higher melting and boiling points than group 1• Soft, but harder than group 1•

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1• Higher melting and boiling points than group 1• Soft, but harder than group 1• Not found in their pure state in nature

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1• Higher melting and boiling points than group 1• Soft, but harder than group 1• Not found in their pure state in nature• React with water to form basic (alkaline)

solutions

Alkaline Earth Metals

• Group 2 on the periodic table• Two valence electrons• Very reactive, but less reactive than group 1• Higher melting and boiling points than group 1• Soft, but harder than group 1• Not found in their pure state in nature• React with water to form basic (alkaline) solutions• Compounds are white, solutions are colorless

Transition Metals

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)• Less reactive and harder than other metals

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)• Less reactive and harder than other metals• Compounds are colored (except for Zn and Ag)

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)• Less reactive and harder than other metals• Compounds are colored (except for Zn and Ag)• Can be found in their pure form in nature

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)• Less reactive and harder than other metals• Compounds are colored (except for Zn and Ag)• Can be found in their pure form in nature• Higher melting and boiling points than other

metals

Transition Metals

• Groups 3-12 on the periodic table• Number of valence electrons vary (usually 1-4)• Less reactive and harder than other metals• Compounds are colored (except for Zn and Ag)• Can be found in their pure form in nature• Higher melting and boiling points than other

metals• Mercury is the only metal that is liquid at room

temperature

Rare Earth Metals

• Two rows at the very bottom of the periodic table.

Rare Earth Metals

• Two rows at the very bottom of the periodic table.

• Due to their large size, most of these elements are radioactive.

Rare Earth Metals

• Two rows at the very bottom of the periodic table.

• Due to their large size, most of these elements are radioactive.

• Typically not found in a lot of compounds, although it is possible.

Halogens

Halogens

• Group 17 on the periodic table

Halogens

• Group 17 on the periodic table• Seven valence electrons

Halogens

• Group 17 on the periodic table• Seven valence electrons• Most reactive nonmetals

Halogens

• Group 17 on the periodic table• Seven valence electrons• Most reactive nonmetals• Can be solid (I, At), liquid (Br), or gas (F, Cl) at

room temperature

Halogens

• Group 17 on the periodic table• Seven valence electrons• Most reactive nonmetals• Can be solid (I, At), liquid (Br), or gas (F, Cl) at

room temperature• Solids are brittle, not malleable

Noble Gases

Noble Gases

• Group 18 on the periodic table

Noble Gases

• Group 18 on the periodic table• Eight valence electrons (2 for He)

Noble Gases

• Group 18 on the periodic table• Eight valence electrons (2 for He)• Do not react with other elements unless

forced to

Noble Gases

• Group 18 on the periodic table• Eight valence electrons (2 for He)• Do not react with other elements unless

forced to• Typically used as a filler gas when space needs

to be taken up without a reaction taking place.