Fall final study guide review -...
Transcript of Fall final study guide review -...
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2018FALL FINAL STUDY
GUIDE REVIEW
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It changes from chemical
energy to thermal energy.
1. WHAT ENERGY CHANGE HAPPENS
WHEN A RAINFOREST IS BURNED TO
CLEAR LAND?
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Snails release CO2 (carbon
dioxide) during the process
of cellular respiration.
2. WHAT GAS DO SNAILS RELEASE?
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Plants and animals can
both perform cellular
respiration.
3. WHICH ORGANISMS PERFORM
CELLULAR RESPIRATION?
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Plants use pigments
primarily to absorb light
energy from the sun.
4. WHAT DO PLANTS USE PIGMENTS
FOR?
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Reactants: CO2 (carbon
dioxide) + H20 (water) +
sunlight (energy)
Products: C6H12O6
(glucose) + O2 (oxygen)
5. WHAT ARE THE REACTANTS AND
PRODUCTS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
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Reactants: C6H12O6
(glucose) + O2 (oxygen)
Products: CO2 (carbon
dioxide) + H2O (water) +
ATP (energy)
6. WHAT ARE THE REACTANTS AND
PRODUCTS OF CELLULAR
RESPIRATION?
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Mitochondria
7. WHICH ORGANELLE PRODUCES
ENERGY FOR MUSCLE CELLS?
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Most of the blue and red
light is absorbed by
chlorophyll and most of the
green light is reflected.
8. WHY DO LEAVES OF PLANTS LOOK
GREEN?
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Chloroplast
9. WHERE DOES PHOTOSYNTHESIS
OCCUR?
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Energy moves from the
bottom of the pyramid to
the top of the pyramid.
10. IN AN ENERGY PYRAMID, WHICH
WAY DOES ENERGY TRANSFER?
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Producers
11. WHICH LEVEL OF A FOOD CHAIN
GETS THEIR ENERGY FROM AN
OUTSIDE SOURCE?
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Any LIVING thing (plants,
animals, bacteria, etc.)
12. WHAT IS A BIOTIC FACTOR?
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Primary consumer
13. IF AN ANIMAL IS AN HERBIVORE,
WHERE WOULD IT BE IN THE FOOD
CHAIN?
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10% of energy is passed
from one trophic level to
the next, the other 90% is
lost.
14. HOW MUCH ENERGY IS
TRANSFERRED TO EACH TROPHIC
LEVEL IN A FOOD CHAIN?
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The first species in a food
chain.
15. WHICH SPECIES IN A FOOD CHAIN
IS AUTOTROPHIC?
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The top consumer
(carnivore)
16. WHICH TROPHIC LEVEL IN A FOOD
CHAIN HAS THE SMALLEST BIOMASS?
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Mutualism; the flower
provides the insect with
food, and the insect
pollinates the flower.
17. WHAT TYPE OF SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIP EXISTS BETWEEN A
FLOWER AND AN INSECT?
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Secondary succession
begins on soil, and primary
succession begins on newly
exposed surfaces.
18. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
SUCCESSION?
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Birthrate higher than the
death rate
19. WHAT FACTORS CAN CAUSE A
POPULATION TO GROW?
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A major extinction event of
large animals.
20. WHAT ARE EARLY HUNTERS AND
GATHERERS RESPONSIBLE FOR?
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Mutualism: both species benefit. (flower & insect)
Parasitism: one benefits, the other is harmed. (tapeworm & animal)
Commensalism: one benefits, the other is not affected. (shark & remora)
21. WHAT ARE THE SYMBIOTIC
RELATIONSHIPS?
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The logistic model
considers the
environment’s carrying
capacity.
22. HOW DO EXPONENTIAL AND
LOGISTIC GROWTHS DIFFER?
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Decreased birthrate
Increased death rate
Emigration
23. WHAT FACTORS CAN CAUSE A
POPULATION TO DECREASE?
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the variety of life in the
world or in a particular
habitat or ecosystem.
Specie preservation can
HELP biodiversity!
24. WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?
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Density dependent only affects when a population reaches a certain size. (Ex: competition, disease)
Density independent can affect any population, regardless of size. (Ex: natural disasters, climate change)
25. WHAT ARE DENSITY DEPENDENT
AND DENSITY INDEPENDENT
FACTORS?
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Death rate may rise.
26. WHAT HAPPENS IF A POPULATION
GROWS LARGER THAN ITS CARRYING
CAPACITY?
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The role or function of an
organism in an ecosystem.
No two organisms can
share the same niche.
27. WHAT IS A NICHE?
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Nonliving component of
an ecosystem (Ex: soil,
rainfall, sunlight,
temperature)
28. WHAT IS AN ABIOTIC FACTOR?
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An organism that eats
other organisms (Ex:
consumer – herbivore,
omnivore, carnivore)
29. WHAT IS A HETEROTROPH?
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provide energy for plants
by the process of decay
(Ex: fungi, bacteria)
30. WHY ARE DECOMPOSERS
NECESSARY IN AN ECOSYSTEM?
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Substance that captures
heat in the atmosphere.
31. WHAT IS A GREENHOUSE GAS?
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Series of processes by
which carbon compounds
are converted in the
environment.
32. DEFINE THE CARBON CYCLE.
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The amount of CO2 each
person is responsible for
producing.
33. DEFINE CARBON FOOTPRINT.
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Carbon is absorbed by the
flower/plant through
photosynthesis.
34. HOW DOES CARBON TRAVEL
FROM THE ATMOSPHERE TO A
FLOWER?
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By consuming organisms
on a previous level OR
thorugh photosynthesis/
chemosynthesis
35. HOW DO ORGANISMS IN AN
ENERGY PYRAMID OBTAIN THEIR
ENERGY?
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The producers (base).
36. WHICH LEVEL IN AN ENERGY
PYRAMID HAS THE MOST ENERGY?
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Yes – they have
mitochondria .
37.DO PLANTS PERFORM CELLULAR
RESPIRATION?
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Alcoholic (yeast) and
lactic acid (some bacteria,
muscles).
38. WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF
FERMENTATION?
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ATP.
39. WHICH COMPOUND IS
PRODUCED BY RESPIRATION DIRECTLY
PROVIDES US WITH ENERGY?
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Light energy to chemical
energy
40. WHAT ENERGY CHANGE HAPPENS
WHEN A PLANT ABSORBS SUNLIGHT?
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The maximum number of
organisms that can live in
an area based on limiting
factors.
41. EXPLAIN THE CONCEPT OF
CARRYING CAPACITY.
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If population goes over
individuals will die, if under
more births can occur
42. HOW DOES CARRYING CAPACITY
DETERMINE POPULATION SIZE?
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Energy flows through food
chains and food webs (10%
rule – 90% used by
organism)
43. EXPLAIN HOW ENERGY FLOWS
THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS.
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44. DIAGRAM THE FLOW OF ENERGY
USING A 4 STEP FOOD CHAIN.
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Competition: organisms compete for
the same limiting factor
Symbiosis: organisms work together
to obtain their needs
Predation: organism
captures and eats another
45. DESCRIBE EXAMPLES OF
COMPETITION, SYMBIOSIS, AND
PREDATION
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46. DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN LOGISTIC AND
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH?
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Turn off the TV/Xbox/Lights
when you are not using
them, turn off the water
when you brush your teeth,
etc.
47. WHAT ARE SOME WAYS YOU
COULD REDUCE YOUR CARBON
FOOTPRINT?
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Tundra
48. WHICH BIOME HAS COLD
TEMPERATURES AND VERY LITTLE
PRECIPITATION?
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Temperate grassland
49. WHICH BIOME HAS WARM
TEMPERATURES AND MEDIUM
RAINFALL?
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Glucose
50. WHAT IS AN ENERGY-RICH
ORGANIC COMPOUND NEEDED BY
ALL ORGANISMS?