Fall final study guide review -...

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2018 FALL FINAL STUDY GUIDE REVIEW

Transcript of Fall final study guide review -...

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2018FALL FINAL STUDY

GUIDE REVIEW

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It changes from chemical

energy to thermal energy.

1. WHAT ENERGY CHANGE HAPPENS

WHEN A RAINFOREST IS BURNED TO

CLEAR LAND?

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Snails release CO2 (carbon

dioxide) during the process

of cellular respiration.

2. WHAT GAS DO SNAILS RELEASE?

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Plants and animals can

both perform cellular

respiration.

3. WHICH ORGANISMS PERFORM

CELLULAR RESPIRATION?

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Plants use pigments

primarily to absorb light

energy from the sun.

4. WHAT DO PLANTS USE PIGMENTS

FOR?

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Reactants: CO2 (carbon

dioxide) + H20 (water) +

sunlight (energy)

Products: C6H12O6

(glucose) + O2 (oxygen)

5. WHAT ARE THE REACTANTS AND

PRODUCTS OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS?

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Reactants: C6H12O6

(glucose) + O2 (oxygen)

Products: CO2 (carbon

dioxide) + H2O (water) +

ATP (energy)

6. WHAT ARE THE REACTANTS AND

PRODUCTS OF CELLULAR

RESPIRATION?

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Mitochondria

7. WHICH ORGANELLE PRODUCES

ENERGY FOR MUSCLE CELLS?

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Most of the blue and red

light is absorbed by

chlorophyll and most of the

green light is reflected.

8. WHY DO LEAVES OF PLANTS LOOK

GREEN?

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Chloroplast

9. WHERE DOES PHOTOSYNTHESIS

OCCUR?

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Energy moves from the

bottom of the pyramid to

the top of the pyramid.

10. IN AN ENERGY PYRAMID, WHICH

WAY DOES ENERGY TRANSFER?

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Producers

11. WHICH LEVEL OF A FOOD CHAIN

GETS THEIR ENERGY FROM AN

OUTSIDE SOURCE?

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Any LIVING thing (plants,

animals, bacteria, etc.)

12. WHAT IS A BIOTIC FACTOR?

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Primary consumer

13. IF AN ANIMAL IS AN HERBIVORE,

WHERE WOULD IT BE IN THE FOOD

CHAIN?

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10% of energy is passed

from one trophic level to

the next, the other 90% is

lost.

14. HOW MUCH ENERGY IS

TRANSFERRED TO EACH TROPHIC

LEVEL IN A FOOD CHAIN?

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The first species in a food

chain.

15. WHICH SPECIES IN A FOOD CHAIN

IS AUTOTROPHIC?

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The top consumer

(carnivore)

16. WHICH TROPHIC LEVEL IN A FOOD

CHAIN HAS THE SMALLEST BIOMASS?

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Mutualism; the flower

provides the insect with

food, and the insect

pollinates the flower.

17. WHAT TYPE OF SYMBIOTIC

RELATIONSHIP EXISTS BETWEEN A

FLOWER AND AN INSECT?

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Secondary succession

begins on soil, and primary

succession begins on newly

exposed surfaces.

18. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN

PRIMARY AND SECONDARY

SUCCESSION?

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Birthrate higher than the

death rate

19. WHAT FACTORS CAN CAUSE A

POPULATION TO GROW?

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A major extinction event of

large animals.

20. WHAT ARE EARLY HUNTERS AND

GATHERERS RESPONSIBLE FOR?

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Mutualism: both species benefit. (flower & insect)

Parasitism: one benefits, the other is harmed. (tapeworm & animal)

Commensalism: one benefits, the other is not affected. (shark & remora)

21. WHAT ARE THE SYMBIOTIC

RELATIONSHIPS?

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The logistic model

considers the

environment’s carrying

capacity.

22. HOW DO EXPONENTIAL AND

LOGISTIC GROWTHS DIFFER?

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Decreased birthrate

Increased death rate

Emigration

23. WHAT FACTORS CAN CAUSE A

POPULATION TO DECREASE?

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the variety of life in the

world or in a particular

habitat or ecosystem.

Specie preservation can

HELP biodiversity!

24. WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?

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Density dependent only affects when a population reaches a certain size. (Ex: competition, disease)

Density independent can affect any population, regardless of size. (Ex: natural disasters, climate change)

25. WHAT ARE DENSITY DEPENDENT

AND DENSITY INDEPENDENT

FACTORS?

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Death rate may rise.

26. WHAT HAPPENS IF A POPULATION

GROWS LARGER THAN ITS CARRYING

CAPACITY?

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The role or function of an

organism in an ecosystem.

No two organisms can

share the same niche.

27. WHAT IS A NICHE?

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Nonliving component of

an ecosystem (Ex: soil,

rainfall, sunlight,

temperature)

28. WHAT IS AN ABIOTIC FACTOR?

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An organism that eats

other organisms (Ex:

consumer – herbivore,

omnivore, carnivore)

29. WHAT IS A HETEROTROPH?

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provide energy for plants

by the process of decay

(Ex: fungi, bacteria)

30. WHY ARE DECOMPOSERS

NECESSARY IN AN ECOSYSTEM?

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Substance that captures

heat in the atmosphere.

31. WHAT IS A GREENHOUSE GAS?

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Series of processes by

which carbon compounds

are converted in the

environment.

32. DEFINE THE CARBON CYCLE.

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The amount of CO2 each

person is responsible for

producing.

33. DEFINE CARBON FOOTPRINT.

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Carbon is absorbed by the

flower/plant through

photosynthesis.

34. HOW DOES CARBON TRAVEL

FROM THE ATMOSPHERE TO A

FLOWER?

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By consuming organisms

on a previous level OR

thorugh photosynthesis/

chemosynthesis

35. HOW DO ORGANISMS IN AN

ENERGY PYRAMID OBTAIN THEIR

ENERGY?

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The producers (base).

36. WHICH LEVEL IN AN ENERGY

PYRAMID HAS THE MOST ENERGY?

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Yes – they have

mitochondria .

37.DO PLANTS PERFORM CELLULAR

RESPIRATION?

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Alcoholic (yeast) and

lactic acid (some bacteria,

muscles).

38. WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF

FERMENTATION?

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ATP.

39. WHICH COMPOUND IS

PRODUCED BY RESPIRATION DIRECTLY

PROVIDES US WITH ENERGY?

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Light energy to chemical

energy

40. WHAT ENERGY CHANGE HAPPENS

WHEN A PLANT ABSORBS SUNLIGHT?

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The maximum number of

organisms that can live in

an area based on limiting

factors.

41. EXPLAIN THE CONCEPT OF

CARRYING CAPACITY.

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If population goes over

individuals will die, if under

more births can occur

42. HOW DOES CARRYING CAPACITY

DETERMINE POPULATION SIZE?

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Energy flows through food

chains and food webs (10%

rule – 90% used by

organism)

43. EXPLAIN HOW ENERGY FLOWS

THROUGH ECOSYSTEMS.

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44. DIAGRAM THE FLOW OF ENERGY

USING A 4 STEP FOOD CHAIN.

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Competition: organisms compete for

the same limiting factor

Symbiosis: organisms work together

to obtain their needs

Predation: organism

captures and eats another

45. DESCRIBE EXAMPLES OF

COMPETITION, SYMBIOSIS, AND

PREDATION

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46. DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENCE

BETWEEN LOGISTIC AND

EXPONENTIAL GROWTH?

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Turn off the TV/Xbox/Lights

when you are not using

them, turn off the water

when you brush your teeth,

etc.

47. WHAT ARE SOME WAYS YOU

COULD REDUCE YOUR CARBON

FOOTPRINT?

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Tundra

48. WHICH BIOME HAS COLD

TEMPERATURES AND VERY LITTLE

PRECIPITATION?

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Temperate grassland

49. WHICH BIOME HAS WARM

TEMPERATURES AND MEDIUM

RAINFALL?

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Glucose

50. WHAT IS AN ENERGY-RICH

ORGANIC COMPOUND NEEDED BY

ALL ORGANISMS?