--------------

1

eracnioP irneH 2

.

( 1

.

htoomS (2

.

2 (3

.

. ( suomonotuA) 2

2212) () ( 1112

,,xfxxxfxx

==

& &

. f,f 21 x,x 21

x,x 21

. ( enalp esahp)

. xx 21 x1 x2

(2-1) suomonotuA

--------------

2

. ( yrotcejart enalp esahp)

. tiartrop esahp

tiartrop esahp:

1=K1=m .

x

&&+= xx0

xo m

. ) (

xtXnist ) (xtXsoct

o

o= &=

. &x x

+= &o xxx 222

&x x

. xo

.

. tiartrop esahp

&x

x

.

.

--------------

3

(stniop ralugnis)

( 2-1) x= &o

fxxfxx oo == 112221 ,,, 22) ( ) ( ) ( .

.

.

&&o& xxxx +++= 2 .630 23) ( 0,0) ( 3,0) (:

tiartrop esahp

.

&x 2- 3

32 xxx +++== oooo

= x3

--------------

4

112) () ( : 212

1

2

fx,xfx,x

xd = xd

( deulav ralugnis ) 0 f,f 21

o . =o

1

2

xd xd

.

. ( )

.

. tiartrop esahp &=+ x4xx3 :

: o +==== 3 :4xxx0,x2,x2

. tiartrop esahp

tiartrop esahp

: tiartrop esahp lacitylanA - senilcosi - atled - draneiL - llep -

--------------

5

. ( raenil esiw -eceip)

. enilcosi

. ) (112) (

212

1

2

fx,xfx,x

xd = xd

xx += &&o = &&& xdxxdxdtd) ( ) (

:

x += &&oxd

xdx :

+= &o xxx 222&x

0x )0x . (

.

d=0S1

S &1

--------------

6

d=o ) (

o

uu

ut

uddu d &&&&&& === ud

&=+ 2uc 21

.

. = &o x1 ,t=o . &&x x = uU

= uu

1 & =+ uc 2 2

esahptiartrop

--------------

7

. ( )

.

( 1 ) t=o =+ uU

= uU . ( A ) ( 2 )

( B ) . .

--------------

8

cosIsenil

&= xfx,x 1112) ( &= xfx,x 2212) (

x2 x1

. ) (112 == ) (

212

1

2

fx,xfx,x

xd xd

enilcosI enilcosi .

= fx,xfx,x 212112) ( ) ( . = fx,xfx,x 212112) ( ) (

tiartrop esahp enilcosI

. 9

. 9

21212

1

xxxxxx

xxxx

==

=+==

& &&o&&

2

1

1

2xx

xd = xd

--------------

9

. enilcosI

xx 12 +=o

1 xx 21

= x1x 21 - 1

.

- 2

.

2 x.2x1xx ++= &&o&o ) ( enilcosi : :

21122 ) (212

1

xx.2x1xxxxx

xx

===

=

&o &&

enilcosi == ) (2

2211

1

2

xx.2x1x

xo xo

o

--------------

01

.2x1xxx 12212 ++= oo ) ( .

.

senilcosi

. x2 x1 (1

(21

2

xd enilcosi tiartrop esahp xd

.

2

2 ) (xxcxda2) (

xxaxba1

212

112

=+=+

& &

--------------

11

a2) ( a1) ( bxxcbdxxaa4) ( ) () ( :

xaxbxa3

2111

112

=+=+

&& &&&&

a4) ( a3) ( xabxdacbx 111 ++= &&&o ) ( ) (

2

) ( ) (

22 adad4dacb

1,2 =++

, 21

222

111

xxxx

==

& &

== 12 101t202t xtxe,xtxe* ) ( ) ( t

x,x 21 * , 21( 1

1

2

exxxx

01

1202

=

--------------

21

2 1

(edon elbats)

xx , 21 * , 21 (3

.

j

.

, 21 ( )

. ( tniop elddas)

.

. 12 == * etartrop esahp :

(. 0 )

(

--------------

31

( 1

.

212

112

xxxxxx=+=+

& &

( )

22

2 =+ rxx 1

1

12

x =gtx

=) (. =

& rrt &

.

--------------

41

=o tniop retnec

k

.

2 yk1yyy += &&&o ) (xyxy

2

1

=& =

21122 ) (12

xxk1xxxx

=+=

& &

====&oo&oo

21

12

xx xx

=

2

1

2

2

1

2

2

1

1

1

2

1

xx

xf

xf

xf

xf

xx& &

--------------

51

) (

=

2

1

A

22111

1

xx

12xkxk1x1

xx

12 4444443 444444

o& &

A

1k =

1A

o

) (

2k1kk4

tedIA2

1,2+== 2

=o

o

ok2

=

&o

&

) (212 ) (

121

xxcdxxaxbx

==

& &

--------------

61

=

=

ba

cd

x,xo ee 12

o

=

=

da

xAf

ex1o

o

ad +=o ) ( ) ( == 12 a,d

e2

x

=

0dac

c0bd

A

o +== 2dajda

tniop retnec

(1

rotcartta ecnaroL

&= xxx 121) ( &=+ x1xxx 2312 ) (

3123 xxxbx,,b => &o

( 2

--------------

71

.

322

2 &=+ x0/30/1xx0/881xx0/57x 1121

212

3 &=++ x0/52x0/1x0/7400/881xx 2121

(1

(2

.

.

--------------

81

3,o) ( ,oo) (

.

selcyc timiL

--------------

91

( 1

t

( 2

t

.

(3

.

--------------

02

:

&=+ 1211222 xxxxx1) ( &=+ 2121222 xxxxx1) (

tiartrop esahp

1

2122

2x 1

=+= rxx,gtx

1 ) (tdrr1,d

td == 2 rd

r rt= &o ) ( = r1

tdd

.

.

2 =1darss) ( 1

rt> &o ) ( < r1

rt< &o ) ( > r1

tiartrop esahp (

--------------

12

(

&=+ xxxxx1 12112222) ( &xxxxx =+1 21212222) (

N( a

s( b

eracnoip

NS =+1 2

xedni

.

nosxidneB

D

&= xfx,x 1112) ( &= xfx,x 2212) (

o ) (+

=2

2

1

1

xf

x D fxf

2 &=+ xxxx 1112

--------------

22

22 &=+ xxxx 211

fxxx 2212 =+o ) ( x2o x1o fx) (

eracnioP-nosxidneB

XX 21 &= XfX) (