WELCOME

SEMINAR ON

EXPORT SCENARIO OF FRUITS FROM INDIA

Presented byManohar Lal Meghwal

Ph.D I year

DEPT. OF POMOLOGY & FLORICULTUREKERALA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

Introduction India's Facts and Figures Comparison of India to World Export of fruits from India Quality Parameter International Trade Requirements Constraints In Exports Proposed Solutions Conclusion

Content

China is the largest producer of fruits in the world followed by India, Brazil and USA in that order.

India ranked second and accounted for 8.6% of world production of fruits

Over 90% of India’s export fresh products goes to West Asia and East European markets.

India is one of the major fruit producer but account for less than 1.5 % of International fruit trade.

Facts & Figures….

oFruit production 74 million tones.

10 % of world production .46 % of world mango production.24 % of world cashew production.23 % of world Banana production.4 % of world citrus production.

o Fruits: growth rate of 8.0% in production with a growth rate in area 4.6 %

Source : NHB Database 2011

2008-09 2009-10 2010-110

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

Value CR.

PRODUCTION IN CR. 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11380000

390000

400000

410000

420000

430000

440000

450000

460000

470000

WEIGHT IN M.T.

WEIGHT IN M.T.

FRUIT AND VEGETABLE EXPORT (Weight in MT Value in CR)Production

2008-09 2009-10 2010-11

Weight Value Weight Value Weight Value Fruit 464301 1109.88 461547 1352.34 411960 1183.92Vegetable

215471 2507.72 2084163 3051.29 1654387 2634.49

Source : Agrowon article 11-04-12

Alarming Situation

COMPARISION OF INDIA TO WORLD PRODUCTION

Source : NHB DATABASE 2011

2002-03 2006-07 2011-12Fruit 45.20 59.36 81.00Vegetables 84.81 115.52 185.00Spices 2.88 5.00 5.50Coconut 8.82 18.00 20.00Cashewnut 0.50 1.50 1.70Others 2.20 6.00 6.80Total 144.41 205.38 300.00

Commodity Production (Million tonnes)

SOURCE : APEDA DATABASE 2011

HORTICULTURE PRODUCTION

Grapes U.K., U.A.E., Netherlands, Bangladesh, Belgium and Saudi Arabia

Destination For Export

Mangoes U.A.E., Kuwait, U.K., Singapore, Netherlands, Bangladesh

Oranges

Bangladesh, U.K. and Mauritius

Apples

-Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal

Pomegranates

-U.A.E., Bangladesh, U.K., Bahrain, Kuwait and Netherlands

Sapota

-SaudiArabia, U.A.E., Bahrain, Kuwait,and UK

India2%

World98%

Share of India in World Horticultural Trade

Source: FAO database 2010

Where are lacunae ? Fragmented land holdingVery poor backward and forward linkagesPoor infrastructureLack of post harvest TechnologyPoor logisticsSupply Chain Management missing

Traditional Vs Improved

Traditional mango Transportation methods are not ideally suited to effective food hygiene

Innovative mango Transport methods

Traditional Vs Improved

Traditional mango packing methods are not ideally suited to effective food hygiene

Innovative mango packing methods

Precooling in mango

Cold Storage Ripening chamber

FACILITY UNDER UTILISATION AT DEVELOPED COUNTRY

Co-operative Partnership Firm MAHAGRAPES

MAHAMANGO

MAHABANANA

MAHAORANGE

MAHAANAR

Mango

Country-wise share of exports of Mango from India (2009-10)

QUALITY STANDARDS OF MANGO EXPORT FROM INDIA

Minimum quality standards of mango

Clean, practically free of any visible foreign Whole, firm, sound and fresh in appearance;

Free of marked bruisingFree from damage caused by low or high temperature

Free of any foreign smell or taste Free of damage caused by pests

Sufficiently developed and display satisfactory ripeness When a peduncle is present, it shall not be no longer than 1.0 cm.

Major Exporting Countries2008 2009

Exporting Country Qty Value Qty Value

Thailand 94,076.76 145.36 2,39,000.47 261.56

Mexico 1,14,161.00 192.47 2,22,862.52 211.00

Brazil 1,46,406.23 223.66 1,17,718.61 188.55

Peru 94,602.46 134.29 54,965.41 99.76

Philippines 39,489.56 71.71 25,771.36 63.42

Pakistan 55,442.33 43.35 33,241.03 40.61

Netherlands 26,081.23 43.62 23,865.71 40.41

Ecuador 25,942.86 32.77 50,689.11 40.35

Israel 15,602.88 40.65 16,469.61 28.81

Spain 11,808.25 23.64 12,822.68 24.88

Qty in MTValue in Mill. US$

Source: apeda database 2010

Total export from India 15188.0 (000MT) Varieties grown in

MaharashtraAlphonso, Kesar, Payari, Vanraj,

Rajapuri, GulabiArea under crop in

Maharashtra 4,48,000 ha.

Maharashtra’s Production 6,46,000 MTs

Available in February to June

ExportAlphanso export around 13,000 Mt

per year. Major Export to Middle East, UK, The Netherlands

Varieties in demand Internationally Kent, Tomy Atkin, Alphonso, Kesar

Production and Export

Export Specifications    Middle

EastNetherlands /

GermanyU.K. Japan USA

Variety Alphonso Wt: 200-250 gm

Wt: 250-300 gm

Wt: 250-300 gm

Wt : 250-

300 gmWt : 250-300 gm

  Kesar Wt: 200-250 gm

Wt: 225-250 gm

Wt: 225-250 gm

Wt : 250-

300 gmWt : 250-300 gm

Packing   1 Doz/2.5 kg 1 Doz/2.5 kg 1Doz/2.5 kg 1 doz /

3.5 kg1 Doz /3.5 kg

Storage Temperature   13°c 13°c 13°c 13°c 13°c

Export   By Sea By Air By Air By Air By Air

Variety in demand Internationally : Kent , Tomy Atkin ,Alphonso , Kesar

http://www.msamb.com/english/export/promotion/mango.htm

Source:

Mango varieties exportedAlphonso (March - June) Banganapalli (March - June)

Dashehari (May - July)

• Ratoul

• Mallika • Himsagar

Potential Exportable Varieties

Consumer Preference Of Importing Countries

In most of the importing countries appearance of fruit (Peel colour – Yellow / red colour)

•Fruit Quality :

Fleshy with attractive pulp colour.Fiber less pulp.FirmnessSugar and Acid blend.Free from any damage.

Can we change the consumer preference …?

•Availability of varieties with attractive peel & pulp colour. •Availability of varieties with longer shelf life.

•More nutritive value .

•Hygienic - free from any pest / disease damage & pesticidal residue.

•Varieties suitable for export market • Arunika.

Packagingo Use of good packaging material

(Corrugated Fiber Board )

•Dimensions of box

– Alphonso (320x230x90 mm)– Banganpalli (390x260x115 mm)– Chausa (390x280x105 mm)

Storage should be …• Fruits are stored in a cold room having a temperature rangeof10–150C,and 85-90% RH, according to variety .

• The controlled atmosphere (CA) refrigeratedcontainers for long term storage and

shipment of mangoes (up to 4 weeks).(CO2 and O2 both @ 5%)

What is needed ?

oAdoption of good Agricultural practices (GAP).

oAssortment of cultivars and it’s promotion.

oDevelopment of cultivars and technology.

Harvesting Vapour heat treatment system

Total export from India Export : 7.43 Lakh Tones (2011)

Varieties grown in Maharashtra Ganesh, Mrudula, Aarakta, Bhagwa (Ashtagandha/Shendri)

Area under crop in Maharashtra 93,500 Hectares

Maharashtra’s Production 6,01,500 MT

Availability July to September, Nov to March

Major export toMiddle East, UK, Holland Germany, UAE, Saudi Arabia, The Netherlands, Egypt, Turkey, Bahrain, Kuwait and Sri Lanka.

Production and Export

The desirable fruit characters of fresh pomegranate for export purpose: Dark rose pink colour of the fruit.

Fruit weight around 500 gm.

 Round shape of the fruit.

Uniform size and shape of the fruit in a pack or box.

Dark rose pink arils.

Softness of the seeds.

Higher sugars near about 16-170 Brix.

Smooth cutting at the stem end.

Bracts/calyx without any damage.

Pleasant flavour and aroma.

Production

Monitoring pesticide/fungicide application program

Harvesting by hand and cutting stem properly

Transport to packhouse

Washing with a disinfectant and then with clean water

Removal of excess water

Treatment with fungicide and wax

Drying

Sizing &

Grading for quality

Packed into cardboard boxes

Precooling

Storage in cold store

Container loading &

Transportation to port

 

Flow diagram of essential operations of pomegranate Exporters/Packers

EXPORT SPECIFICATIONS FOR POMOGRANATE

    Middle East The Netherlands/Germany U.K.

Variety Ganesh, Bhagwa 300-450 gm Red 250-300 gm Red 250-300 gm Red

  Arakata, Mrudula 200-250 gm Deep red 200-250 gm Deep red 200-250 gm

Deep red

Packing   5 kg 3 kg 3 kg

Storage   5 °C 5 °C 5 °C

Export   By Sea By Sea By Sea

Major export to : Middle East , U.K.

Varieties in Demand Internationally : Ganesh , Aarakta.

Consumer Preference

Consumer preference - changing from time to time and from country to country.

Earlier, Ganesh variety with big sized fruits was the preferred one, and the fruits were exported to the Gulf countries.

Now, in Europe and other parts of the world, varieties such as Bhagwa (Kesar), Mridula are the suitable and accepted ones.

Soft seeded, coloured varieties with high per cent of juice with easy to remove arils are preferred.

Fruits weighing more than 500 gms with superior qualities - immediate and ready acceptance in the international markets.

Export Potential

The pomegranate fruit is considered an exotic in European and Middle East countries.

There is scope for exporting Indian pomegranates to Bangladesh, Bahrain, Canada, Germany, United Kingdom, Japan, Kuwait, Sri Lanka, Omen, Pakistan, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Switzerland, U.A.E. and U.S.A.

The other potential markets are, Belgaum, Spain, France, Italy, Netherlands, Philippines, South Africa, Brazil and Mexico. 

Needs to be towards lowering production cost by increasing productivity.

Suggested that special production areas for export need to be developed .

Pack house facilities need to be established in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh .

The Brand needs to be popularized aggressively.

Supplies from India need to be concentrated during February to July months.

Efforts need to be made to popularize pomegranates in Canada, U.S.A., South American countries .

.

Measures for enhancing competitiveness for export

International Trade Requirement

Legislative requirements

Tarriffs Non - Tarriffs

Non – Legislative requirements

GAP

Requirements for export

Commodity Tariff rates in %

  Russia Ukraine Kazakhstan

Mango 3.75 3.00 3.75Grapes 3.75 10.00 3.75

Pomegranate - - -Litchi - - -

Banana 4.85 3.00 3.75Pineapples 3.75 4.00 3.75

Tariff Rates in Russia, Ukraine and Kazakhstan

Source: ITC Trade mark., 2010* Duty varies depending upon season of exports

CommodityTariff rates in %

Thailand Indonesia Philippines MalaysiaMango free 25 15 60.82$/tonGrapes free 5 7 5

Pomegranate Free - - -

Lychees 40% or 852.74 $/ton 5 10 5

Banana 40% or 852.74$/ton 5 15 364.96$/ton

Pineapples 40% or 852.74$/ton 5 10 228.17 $/ton

Current tariff rates in ASEAN countries

Source: ITC Trademap (www.trademap.org)

EFFORTS OF INDIA ON TRADE LIBERALIZATION

.

India-Thailand Free Trade Agreement.

India-Singapore Free Trade Agreement ..

Same is the case with Australia; it is likely that FTA will be concluded very shortly.

FTA with South Korea has been finalized and is likely to be signed by end of this year.

Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement (Bangkok agreement) .

Insecticide/Pesticide Max. Permissible Limits(mgm/kg)-

EuropeChlorothalonil 1.00

DDT (all isomers) 1.00Dichlofluanid 10.00

Dicofol 2.00 Dieldrin 0.5

Endosulfan (all isomers) 0.50Endrin 0.01

Lindane 0.5Heptachlor 0.01

International Standards of Pesticide Residue Levels

Source : Maharashtra State Agri Marketing Board. (Jan, 2009)

Consumer Preference

New and Exotic ProductsChanging life style

Food safety

ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS OF FRESH FRUIT EXPORT….

Supply chain issues…..Market access issues …….Multiple safety standards …..Technological constraints …..

Constraints for ExportsMore availability of cheap labours.Diversifying into new markets and product segments.Post harvest loss management itself to provide funds for investment

Opportunities

Targeted ProductsImprovement of market accessSupply chain alignment with international requirementIntegration of Government schemesImprovement of A.E.Z.

Proposed solutions

CONCLUSION Although India is the largest producer of fruit in

the world but export in relation to production is very low.

There is argent need to increase quality produce to improve export.

Need to popularization of standards among growers.

Need to improve and adopt infrastructure for quality produce.

Adoption and effective implementation of above solutions should lead to realization of vision related to the enhancement of exports in the near future.

THANK You