Evidence in Scripture of Moses as the Inspired Writer of the Pentateuch Do not imagine that I am going to accuse you before the Father: you have placed your hopes on Moses, and Moses will be the one who accuses you. If you really believed him you would believe

me too, since it was about me that he was writing. Jesus addressing the Jews of Jerusalem in John 5:45-46

Evidence within the Pentateuch Passages in the books referring directly to Mosaic authorship

-Exodus 17:14; 20:22-23:33; 24:4,7; 34:27 -Numbers chapter 32; 33:2 -Deuteronomy 31:9, 24-26

Legal documents within the Pentateuch attributed to Moses

-Exodus 12:1-28; chapters 20-24; chapters 25-31; chapter 34 -Leviticus chapters 1-7; chapter 8; chapters 13-16; chapters 17-25; chapter 27 -Numbers chapters 1, 2, &4; 6:1-21; 8:1-4; 8:5-22; chapter s 15 & 19; 27:6-23; chapters 28-30; chapter 35 -Deuteronomy chapters 1-33

Evidence from Other Old Testament Books Evidence from the historical writings: -Joshua 1:7, 8; 8:31-32; 23:6;

-1Kings 2:3; -2Kings 14:6; 23:25; -1Chronicles 22:13; -2Chronicles 5:10; 23:18; 25:4; 30:16; 33:8; 34:14; 35:12; -Ezra 3:2; 6:18; 7:6 -Nehemiah 1:7,8; 8:1, 14; 9:14; 10:29; 13:1

Evidence from the wisdom books and the prophets

-Ecclesiasticus [Ben Sira] 24:23 -Daniel 19:11, 13 -Malachi 4:4

Evidence from the New Testament Books Evidence found in the Gospels *= Jesus' testimony

-Mark 12:19 -Luke 2:22; 5:14*; 16:29-31*; 20:8; 24:27*, 44* -John 1:17, 45; 5:45-47*; 7:19*, 23*; 8:5; 9:29

Evidence from Acts, the Epistles of Paul and Revelation

-Acts 3:22; 6:14; 13:39; 15:1, 21; 26:22; 28:23 -Romans 10:5 -1Corinthians 9:9 -2Corinthians 3:15 -Hebrews 9:19; 10:28 -Revelation 15:3

M. Hunt 2004 Testimony to Mosaic authorship is stated as least 27 times by the New Testament writers, 7 of those affirmation of Mosaic authorship are quotations of Jesus’ statements identifying Moses as the inspired writer of the “Book of Moses”, also called the Torah or the Pentateuch.

The Chronological Books of Bible History

-----------------------------------------------------------OLD TESTAMENT---------------------------------------------------------------------------NEW TESTAMENT------ ? 16th – 13th century BC? 11 cent BC 10th - 6th century BC 6th - 5th century BC 2nd century BC ----- 1st century AD--------

TOBIT AGE OF THE NEW COVENNANT RUTH 1 CHRONICLES 2 CHRONICLES JUDITH ESTHER CHURCH

SYNOPTICGOSPELS: MATTHEW

EXODUS

NUMBERS

1

MACCABEAS

Gospel of JOHN

MARK

GENESIS

LEVITICUS

DEUTE-

RONOMY

JOSHUA

JUDGES

1

SAMUEL

2

SAMUEL

1

KINGS

2

KINGS

70

YEAR EXILE

IN BABY- LON

EZRA

NEHEMIAH

2

MACCABEES

100 YRS

LUKE

ACTS

REVEL- ATION of John

JOB PSALMS PROVERBS LAMENTATION SIRACH PAUL’S LETTERS

ECCLESIASTES WISDOM 1 THESSALONIANS SONG OF SONGS 2 THESSALONIANS GALATIANS AGE OF THE PROPHETS 1 CORINTHIANS 46 OLD TESTAMENT BOOKS TO ISRAEL: 2 CORINTHIANS [ ELIJAH] PROPHETS ROMANS 27 NEW TESTAMENT BOOKS [ELISHA] OF THE EXILE HEBREWS *HOSEA *EZEKIEL COLOSSIANS *AMOS *BARUCH PHILEMON *DANIEL EPHESIANS TO JUDAH PROPHETS AFTER THE PHILIPPINAS *BIBLE BOOKS BY *HABUKKUK RETURN FROM EXILE 1 TIMOTHY THESE PROPHETS *ISAIAH *HAGGAI TITUS [ ] = works recorded in *JEREMIAH *ZECHARIAH 2 TIMOTHY 1 & 2 Kings *MALACHI *MICAH *JOEL THE CATHOLIC LETTERS *ZEPHANIAH JAMES 1 PETER TO ASSYRIA 2 PETER *JONAH 1 JOHN *NAHUM 2 JOHN 3 JOHN Michal Hunt copyright 2000 TO EDOM JUDE *OBADIAH

INDEX OF SALVATION HISTORY LESSONS

Lesson #1 Introduction Lesson #2 Creation and History of the Early World Part I: From Creator to Father: from Elohim to Yahweh Lesson #3 Creation and History of the Early World Part II: The Covenant Ordeal: The Test of Free Will Lesson #4 The Age of the Patriarchs Part I: Abraham and the 3-Fold Promise Lesson #5 The Age of the Patriarchs Part II: Abraham and the 3-Fold Covenant Lesson #6 The Age of the Patriarchs Part III: The Covenant Continues with Isaac and Jacob Lesson #7 The Age of the Patriarchs Part IV: God’s Covenant Continues with Jacob And His Sons Lesson #8 The Twelve Tribes in Egypt / The Sinai Covenant Part I: The Twelve Tribes in Egypt Lesson #9 The Sinai Covenant Part II: The Birth of the Old Covenant Church at Mount Sinai Lesson #10 The Sinai Covenant Part III: The Ordinances and Sacrifices of the Law of the Covenant Lesson #11 The Conquest of Canaan Part I: Departure from Sinai Lesson #12 The Conquest of Canaan Parts II & III: Preparation for the Conquest; The Conquest Begins Lesson #13 The Age of the Judges of Israel Part I: The Rule of the Judges Lesson #14 The Age of the Judges of Israel Part II: The Book of Ruth Lesson #15 The United Kingdom Part I: Samuel the Last Judge and Saul the First King Lesson #16 The United Kingdom Part II: David the Beloved of God Lesson #17 The Divided Kingdom Part I: The Great Schism Lesson #18 The Divided Kingdom Part II: The Northern Kingdom of Israel Falls into Apostasy Lesson #19 The Exile Part I: The Conquest and Exile of the Northern Kingdom and

The Destruction of Judah and the Temple Lesson #20 The Exile Part II: The Babylonian Exile Lesson #21 The Return of the Faithful Remnant of Judah Part I: Yeshua and

Zerubbabel Lead the First Return Lesson #22 The Return of the Faithful Remnant of Judah Part II: Ezra, Nehemiah, and

Queen Esther

Lesson #23 The Revolt of the Maccabees and The Rule of the Hasmons Lesson #24 Jesus The Messiah Part I: The Coming of The Messiah—Prophecy

Fulfilled Lesson #25 Jesus The Messiah Part II: Mission to the Covenant People of Israel Lesson #26 Jesus The Messiah Part III: The Presentation of the Perfect Sacrifice Lesson #27 The New Covenant Church Part I: The Second Great Pentecost Lesson #28 The New Covenant Church Part II: The New Covenant Church in

Salvation History

THE 12 PERIODS OF SALVATION HISTORY

1. Creation and History of the Early World ? – 2000 B.C. 2. The Patriarchs 2000 – 1675 B.C. 3. The 12 Tribes in Egypt/ The Sinai

Covenant 1675 – 1275 B.C. 4. The Conquest of Canaan 1275 – 1220 B.C. 5. The Rule of the Judges of Israel 1220 – 1050 B.C. 6. The United Kingdom of Israel 1050 – 930 B.C. 7. The Divided Kingdoms of Israel

and Judah 930 – 722 B.C.

8. The Assyrian Exile of Israel and The Babylonian Exile of Judah 722 – 538 B.C.

9. The Remnant of Judah Returns/ The Conquest of the Greeks 538 – 323 B.C. 10. The Revolt of the Maccabees/

The Rule of the Hasmons 323 – 63 B.C. 11. Jesus the Messiah 28 B.C. – A.D. 30 12. The New Covenant Church 30 A.D. –

Michal Hunt www.agapebiblestudy.com

TIME LINE OF HISTORICAL PERIODS IN THE HOLY LAND PREHISTORY

NEOLITHIC 8300 – 4500 BC CHALCOLITHIC 4500 – 3200 BC

BRONZE AGE EARLY BRONZE AGE 3200 – 2200 BC MIDDLE BRONZE AGE 2200 – 1550 BC LATE BRONZE AGE 1550 – 1200 BC

-The Exodus? IRON AGE

IRON AGE I 1200 – 1000 BC -United Monarchy: Saul King succeeded by David. David conquers Jerusalem

1000BC. David rules 40 years. IRON AGE II 1000 – 586 BC -970BC: King Solomon of Israel rules 40 years

-930BC United Kingdom of Israel divides into Northern Kingdom of Israel and Southern Kingdom of Judah -722BC conquest of Northern Kingdom of Israel by Assyria; exile of 10 tribes; 5 groups of foreigners brought into settle land become the Samaritans. -597BC conquest of Southern Kingdom of Judah by Babylon begins. Temple destroyed by Babylonians 9th of Ab 587BC; exile of the 2 southern tribes. BABYLONIAN PERIOD 587/6 – 539 BC -Babylonian exile of Judah for 70 years PERSIAN PERIOD 539 – 332 BC -538BC Edict of Cyrus allows Jews to return to Judah in 537BC and to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem HELLENISTIC PERIOD 332 – 141 BC -Conquest of Alexander the Great -168BC Maccabees revolt against Greek-Syrian rule HASMONEAN PERIOD 141 – 37 BC -Judean independence -63BC Romans make Judah a vassal state ROMAN PERIOD 37 BC – 324 AD -37BC Romans appoint the Idumean Herod as King of the Roman province of Judea -3/2 BC birth of Christ -28AD Jesus begins His ministry (15th year of the Emperor Tiberius) -30AD Jesus crucified & rose from the dead; later ascends to heaven after 40 days -30AD: Second Great Pentecost, 50 days after the Resurrection -66AD Jewish revolt against Rome; Romans destroy Jerusalem Temple 9th Ab, 70AD BYZANTINE PERIOD 324 – 638 AD ISLAMIC CONQUEST & RULE 638 – 1516 AD

CRUSADER PERIOD 1099 – 1291 AD OTTOMAN (Moslem) PERIOD 1517 – 1917 AD BRITISH MANDATE OVER PALESTINE 1917 - 1948 AD ISRAEL & JORDAN (created to be 2 1948 independence of Israel as the states by the United Nations in 1947) Middle East’s first democracy M. Hunt copyright 2006

THE 7 DEUTEROCANONICAL

BOOKS Dropped from Protestant Bibles in the

16th century AD

TOBIT JUDITH WISDOM ECCLESIASTICUS BARUCH I MACCABEES 2 MACCABEES

parts of :

ESTHER =10:4-16, 14 DANIEL =3:24-90, 13, 14

THE CATECHISM AND SCRIPTURE

#103 “..the Church has always venerated the Scriptures as she venerates the Lord’s Body. #105 “God is the author of Sacred Scripture. The divinely revealed realities, which are contained and presented in the text of Sacred Scripture, have been written down under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.” #106 “God inspired the human authors of the sacred books. […] it is as true authors that they consigned to writing whatever He wanted written, and no more.” #107 “The inspired books teach the truth. […], we must acknowledge that the books of Scripture firmly, faithfully, and without error teach that truth which God, for the sake of our salvation, wished to see confided to the Sacred Scriptures.”

GOD IS THE MASTER OF HISTORY

“We firmly believe that God is master

of the world and of its history. But the ways of His providence are often

unknown to us. Only at the end, when our partial knowledge ceases, when we see God ‘face to face,’ will we fully know the ways by which – even through the dramas of evil and sin – God has guided His creation to that definitive Sabbath rest for which

He created heaven and earth.”

~ Catechism of the Catholic Church # 314

WHAT CATHOLICS MUST BELIEVE ABOUT CREATION

Magisterium of the Catholic Church has defined what Catholics must believe about the history of creation: 1. The creation by God of all things at the beginning of time 2. The special creation by God of man 3. Formation of woman from man 4. Unity of the human race 5. The original happiness of our first parents in a state of justice 6. The divine command laid upon man by God to prove obedience 7. Transgression of that command at the instigation of the devil in the form of a serpent 8. The fall of our original parents from their primitive state of innocence. 9. The promise of a future redeemer Humanae Generis, Pope Pius XII; Dr. S. Hahn: Genesis 1-22: The Covenant as a Family Affair; Pope Pius X: Pascendi Dominici Gregis, Sept. 8, 1907 The Catholic Church rejects the theory that the first chapters of Genesis are pure myth. See Catechism citations: # 216; #293-301; #337-354; #759-760.

CREATION THEORIES There are several different theories of Creation that 21st century Christian scholars embrace: -Literal interpretation: That the earth was created in 6 days. -Day / Age Theory: Each of the six days represents a geological age covering millions of years. (Unfortunately for this theory, geologists have been unable to find a match between the geologic evidence and the creations of each of the 6-day periods). -The Gap Theory: Allows a form of evolution by accepting a gap between Gen. 1:1 and 1:2. Proponents of this theory suggest that perhaps Satan’s fall from heaven to earth produced such chaos on earth that God destroyed creation and started over. -Symbolist Interpretation: Each day is a symbol of some spiritual reality. Some ancient Christian and Jewish scholars saw the 6 days of creation as symbols of the different periods of Salvation history. -Mythical View: All of the creation account is myth and none of it is history. The Biblical account was completely invented by the Hebrew people to explain their world and their early history much like the Egyptian mythological account of creation. The Catholic Church does not accept this view. See the Catechism of the Catholic Church # 198, 279-327. www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

Handout Lesson #2: CREATION THEORIES There are several different theories of Creation that 21st century Christian scholars embrace: -Literal interpretation: That the earth was created in 6 days. -Day / Age Theory: Each of the six days represents a geological age covering millions of years. (Unfortunately for this theory, geologists have been unable to find a match between the geologic evidence and the creations of each of the 6-day periods). -The Gap Theory: Allows a form of evolution by accepting a gap between Gen. 1:1 and 1:2. Proponents of this theory suggest that perhaps Satan’s fall from heaven to earth produced such chaos on earth that God destroyed creation and started over. -Symbolist Interpretation: Each day is a symbol of some spiritual reality. Some ancient Christian and Jewish scholars saw the 6 days of creation as symbols of the different periods of Salvation history. -Mythical View: All of the creation account is myth and none of it is history. The Biblical account was completely invented by the Hebrew people to explain their world and their early history much like the Egyptian mythological account of creation. The Catholic Church does not accept this view. See the Catechism of the Catholic Church # 198, 279-327.

HOLY MOUNTAINS OF GOD IN SCRIPTURE 1. The Garden of Eden Genesis 2:10; Ezekiel 28:12-14 2. Noah's Ark rests on Mt. Ararat after the Great Flood

Genesis 8:4

3. Mt. Moriah: The site of the substitutionary atonement of the ram in place of the sacrifice of Abraham's son Isaac; the site of Solomon's Temple; Golgotha, where Jesus was crucified was a lower elevation of Mt. Moriah

Genesis 22:2-14 2 Chronicles 3:1 Matthew 27:32-36; Mark 15:21-27; Luke 23:26-34; John 19:17-24

4. Sinai Covenant on Mt. Sinai/Horeb

Exodus 19:12

5. Elijah's defeat of the prophets of Baal on Mt. Carmel [carmel is a Hebrew word for "garden"]

1 Kings 18

6. Jesus and the giving of the New Covenant law on the Mt. of Beatitudes

Matthew 5

7. Jesus' official appointment of Peter as Vicar of the Church on the mountain at Caesarea Philippi

Matthew 16:13-19; Mark 827-30; Luke 9:18-21;

8. Jesus prevailed over temptation on a mountain

Matthew 4:8-11; Luke 4:1-13

9. The Mt. of Transfiguration when Jesus appeared in His glory

Matthew 17 [Peter refers to this place as "the holy mountain" in 2 Peter 1:16-18]

10. Jesus is arrested in a garden on the Mt. of Olives; Jesus ascends to the Father from the Mt. of Olives

Matthew 26:47ff; Mark 14:43ff; Luke 22:47ff; John 18:3ff; Acts 1:1-19

M. Hunt © 1998 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

GENESIS SUMMARY BIBLICAL PERIODS

CREATION PATRIARCHS

FOCUS FOUR EVENTS FOUR PEOPLE THE COVENANTS

Adam---------------Noachide--------------- Abrahamic Covenant----------------------- Covenant

SCRIPTURE 1:1-------3:1-------6:1-------10:1-------12:1---------25:19-----27:19-----37:1---50:26 DIVISIONS Creation Fall Flood Nations Abraham Isaac Jacob Joseph

EARLY HUMAN RACE

HEBREW RACE

TOPIC

HISTORICAL ACCOUNT

BIOGRAPHICAL ACCOUNTS

LOCATION

FERTILE CRESCENT [Mesopotamia]

Eden-Haran (Syria)-Iraq

HARAN-CANAAN [Syria-Palestine]

CANAAN-EGYPT

TIME

c. 2000 year period

281 years

81 years

www.AgapeBibleStudy.com 1. Creation: God is the sovereign creator of matter and energy, space and time; He is the Great Elohim. Human beings are the pinnacle of His creation. Elohim creates a Covenant with Adam and Eve and they become the children of Yahweh Elohim. The Covenant sign is the Tree of Life. 2. Fall: Though originally good, this creation became subjected to corruption through the sin of Adam. In spite of the devastating curse of the Fall, God promises hope of redemption through the “seed of the woman,” Mary, the mother of the New Covenant children of God, the only woman other than Eve to bear the title “Woman” (Jn 2:4; 19:26). The sacrifice of animals is set in place as a temporary measure to prevent the permanent “spiritual” death of mankind. 3. Flood: As humanity multiplies, sin also multiplies until God is compelled to destroy the human race with the exception of Noah and his family. After the Flood, God makes a covenant with Noah and all creation. The Covenant sign is the rainbow. The Covenant continues with Noah’s righteous son Shem. The Flood is the prophetic promise of our new life in Christ and the forgiveness of original sin through our Baptism into the Family of God. 4. Nations: Though we are all children of Adam through Noah, God fragments the single culture and language of the post-flood world and scatters the peoples over the face of the earth. All the nations of the earth are descendants of the 3 sons of Noah. 5. Abrahamic Covenant: God initiated His covenant with Abram when he was living in Ur of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia (Gen 15:7). God promised a 3-fold blessing of land, descendants, and a world-wide blessing if Abram would have faith and be obedient to God. Abram’s faith and obedience resulted in the ratification of a 3-fold covenant and his name is changed to Abraham. This covenant is renewed with Abraham’s descendants Isaac, Jacob (Israel), and Joseph. The covenant sign is the rite of circumcision.

YAHWEH’S EIGHT COVENANTS “But Yahweh’s faithful love for those who fear him is from eternity and for ever; and his

saving justice to their children’s children; as long as they keep his covenant, and carefully obey his precepts.” Palms 103:17-18

COVENANT SIGN SCRIPTURE

1. Adam -fertility -dominion over the earth

Tree of Life

Genesis 1:28-30; Genesis 2:15-17; Hosea 6:7 can be translated they have broken their covenant like Adam

2. Noah and the earth -The earth will never be destroyed by flood waters again (water will become a sign of salvation)

Rainbow

Genesis 6:18; 9:9-17; Sirach 44:17-18.

3. Abraham = 3-fold, (continues with Isaac, Jacob & descendants) -land, nation (descendants) & world wide blessing

Circumcision On the 8th day

Genesis 12:3; 15:1-18; 17: 1-27; 18:18 & 22:13-18; 26:3-5; 28:10-14; Exodus 2:24; Psalm 105:8-11; Sirach 44:19-20

4. Moses & Israel -Sinai Covenant establishing divine liturgy & covenant sacraments

Ark of the Covenant

Tabernacle 10 Commandments

Exodus 19-24; 34:10, 27, 28; Deuteronomy 5:2-3; 29:12.

5. Aaron & Sons -perpetual ministerial priesthood of the Levites

Salt

Exodus 40:15; Leviticus 2:13; Numbers 18:19; Sirach 45:7; Jeremiah 33:21.

6. Phinehas -perpetual priesthood in Covenant of Peace (prefigures Christ)

Seamless robe & miter

Numbers 25:11-15; Sirach 45:24.

7. David & descendants -dynasty and throne forever secure

Throne/ Temple

2 Samuel 7:11-17; 23:5; 2 Chronicles 31:5; Sirach 45:25.

8. Jesus (Yah-shua = Yahweh saves or I save) also written Yehosua = Joshua. He is the fulfillment of all the covenantal promises

The Cross, the true “Tree of Life”

Isaiah 55:3; Jeremiah 31:31-34; Matthew 26:28; Mark 14:24; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25; Hebrews 12:24.

Michal Hunt copyright 1998, revised July, 2006 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com * There are more Scripture passages referring to Yahweh’s 8 Covenants than those listed in the chart. Some additional Scripture references for the various covenants are listed below: -Adam: Most English Bible translations include in their footnotes that Hosea 6:7 can be translated “They have broken the covenant like Adam…” The word “adam” can mean the first man “Adam”, or “man”, or even “ground” or “earth”]. The Jewish Tanach translates Hoses 6:6-7: For I desire kindness, not sacrifice; and knowledge of God more than burnt-offerings. But they, like

Adam, transgressed the covenant; there they betrayed Me. In Genesis 6:18: the Hebrew word “quwm” can also be translated “restore” , “continue”, or “maintain” which is why most scholars assume the first covenant was established with Adam and then continued with Noah. If there was no covenant there would be no covenant obligations or violations of the covenant. -Noah: Genesis 6:18; 9:9, 11, 12 (twice), 13, 15, 16, 17; Sirach 44:17-18; Isaiah 24:5 -Abraham (and descendants): Genesis 15:18; 17:2, 4, 7 (twice), 9, 10 (twice); 17:11, 13 (twice), 14, 19 (twice), 22:13-18; 28:13-14; 31:44; Exodus 2:24; 6:2-5; Leviticus 26: 42-45; 2 Kings 13:23; 17:15, 35, 38; 18:12; 23:2, 3 (three times), 21; 1 Chronicles 16:15-17; Sirach 44:19-23; Psalm 105:9; Acts 3:25; 7:8 -Mosaic Covenant with Israel: Exodus 19:5; 24:7, 8; 31:16; 34:10, 27, 28; Leviticus 24:8-9; 26:9, 15, 25, 42 (3 times), 44, 45; Deuteronomy 4:13, 23, 31; 5:2-3; 7:9,12; 8:18; 9:9, 11, 15; 17:2; 29:1, 9, 12 (twice), 14, 21, 25 (twice); 31:16, 20; 33:9; Joshua 7:11, 15; 23:16; Judges 2:1, 20; 1 Kings 8:9, 21, 23; 19:10-11; 2 Chronicles 6:11, 14; 34:30, 31 (twice), 32; Psalm 105:8-11; 106:45; Isaiah 42:6; 54:10 -Aaron and sons: Exodus 40:15; Leviticus 2:13; 18:19; Numbers 18:19; Nehemiah 13:25; Sirach 45:7, 15; Jeremiah 33:21; Malachi 2:4-9 -Phinehas: Numbers 25:11-13; Sirach 45:24; Psalm 106:30-31 (an example of righteousness for the ages) -David: 2 Samuel 7:11-17; 23:5; 23:5 Sirach 45:25; 47:11; 2 Chronicles 7:18; 13:5; 21:7; Psalm 89:3, 28, 34, 132: 1-18; Jeremiah 33:21; Acts 2:30. -Jesus: Isaiah 59:20-21 [Romans 11:26-27]; Matthew 26:28; Mark 14:24; Luke 22:20; 1 Corinthians 11:25; 2 Corinthians 3:6-14; Galatians 4:24; Hebrews 7:22; 8:6-13; 9:15-20; 10:14-29 (quoting Jeremiah 31:31-34); 12:24; 13:20. Covenants involve oath-swearing: Genesis 21:23-24 (Abimelech and Abraham); 22:16; Exodus 17:16; Deut. 6:13; 7:7-11; 13:18-19 (17-18); 29:11-14 (12-15); Joshua 2:17 (Rahab’s covenant with Israelite soldiers); 1 Sam 20:17 (covenant between Jonathan and David); 24:21-22 (David and Saul); 2 Sam. 3:9; 2 Chronicles 15:12-15; Nehemiah 10:30 (29); Psalm 89:3; 105:8-9; 110:4; Sir. 44:21 (22); Luke 1:73; Acts 2:30; Hebrews 6:13; Latin word sacramentum = oath Conditional covenants: (“if” cause) Blessings for obedience; curses for disobedience Adamic: Blessings = Gen. 1:28-30; conditions: Gen. 2:15-17; curse: Gen. 3:15-19 Abrahamic: conditional for Abraham’s descendants: Gen 17:19-22 (only through Isaac) Davidic: conditional for descendants = 1 Kings 2:3-4; 1 Kings 2:4; 11:11-13 Sinai: Deut. 13:18-19; Covenant treaty = book of Deut.; Blessings Deut. 28:1-14; curses 28:25-69. New covenant: (Covenant treaty: Book of Revelation); Blessings = Matt. 5:1-12 & curses Matt. 23:13-30; 25:31-46. Conditional covenant with baptized believers. Non-conditional covenants: Noachide: Sir 44:17-18 ; Abrahamic: Gen 12:1-3 ; Aaronic: Sir 44:7 (8), 15 (19); Phinehas’ covenant of peace: Num 25:13; Sir 45:24; Davidic: 2 Sam. 7:14; 1Ch 17:14; 2 Ch 3:1; Sir. 45:25 (by linear descent); 47:11 (13); New Covenant: Hebrews 7:21-28 (God’s covenant with Christ is non-conditional and eternal) Michal Hunt © 2000 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

CREATION IN 2 SETS OF 3 DAYS EACH:

CREATES REHLMS

FILLS WITH

RULERS TIME [light

from darkness]

SUN, MOON, STARS,

PLANETS SPACE

[heaven and the seas]

FISH, BIRDS

LAND/ LIFE [dry land and vegetation]

BEASTS AND MAN

The Themes of Genesis

• Graphic depiction of sins prohibited in the 10 Commandments

• the family tree of Jesus, the Messiah

• The failure of the ‘firstborn’ son.

THE FIRST AND SECOND ADAMS AND EVES CONTRASTED Genesis 3:15 contains the promise of the redemption of mankind after the Fall of Adam and Eve. The Incarnation of the Christ was the manifestation of that promise, and it was fulfilled with Jesus Christ’s sacrificial death and glorious resurrection. The New Testament portrays Jesus as the “Second Adam” whose obedience and sacrificial death on the cross undo Adam’s disobedience [see Romans 5:12-21 and 1 Corinthians 15:45]. Jesus, the Second Adam, triumphed over the same temptations to which the first Adam fell into sin. TEMPTATION: The first and second Adams contrasted: 1 John 2:16 Genesis 3:6 Luke 4:1-13 “If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father finds no place in him…”

The First Adam: “Did God really say you were not to eat from any of the trees…?”

Second Adam = Jesus of Nazareth: “Then the devil said to Him…

the lust of the flesh: “disordered bodily desires”

“The woman saw the tree was good to eat..”

“tell this stone to turn into a loaf”

the lust of the eyes: “disordered desires of the eyes”

“..and pleasing to the eye, and…”

“the devil…showed Him all the kingdoms of the world”

the pride of life: “pride in possession”

“that it was enticing for the wisdom that it could give.”

“If you are the Son …throw Yourself down from here”

Just as there is a Second Adam there is also a Second Eve. Mary, the Virgin Mother of Christ is the Second Eve. Just as the First Eve cooperated in the Fall of man so the Second Eve cooperated in the redemption and salvation of the entire human race. SALVATION: The two Eves contrasted:

THE VIRGIN EVE THE VIRGIN MARY Daughter of the first Covenant Daughter of the Sinai Covenant Pledged obedience under the covenant Pledged obedience under the covenant Eve’s disobedience resulted in the fall into sin of the entire human race. The result was death, physically and spiritually.

Mary’s obedience to God resulted in the offer of the gift of salvation to the entire human race. The result was eternal life

Catechism of the Catholic Church# 494 ‘…..Being obedient she became the cause of salvation for herself and for the whole human race.’ Hence not a few of the early Fathers gladly assert ‘The knot of Eve’s disobedience was united by Mary’s obedience: what the virgin Eve bound through her disbelief, Mary loosened by her faith.’ Comparing her with Eve, they call Mary ‘the Mother of the living’ and frequently claim” ‘Death through Eve, life through Mary. [CCC quoting St. Irenaeus, Epiphanius, and St. Jerome]

M. Hunt © 1991, revised February 2006 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

DISGRACED and/or DEPOSED FIRSTBORN SONS OF GENESIS REPLACED BY THEIR

YOUNGER BROTHERS and the LINE OF THE HOLY SEED

FIRSTBORN SONS YOUNGER

BROTHERS (Holy Seed*)

SCRIPTURE PASSAGES

Cain Seth* 4:25-26 Ishmael Isaac* 21:12 Esau Jacob* 25:23 Ruben Judah* 49:3-4; 8-10 Zerah Perez* 38:27-30 Manasseh Ephraim 48:17-19

* line of the holy seed leads to the Messiah, Jesus of Nazareth: Matthew 1:1-16 and Luke 3:23-38

M. Hunt © 2008 www.agapebiblestudy.com

OT GENERATIONS LISTED ADAM TO MOSES A. Adam

1. lived 930 years 2. died 216 yrs. before the birth of Noah

B. Seth = Adam’s 3rd son 1. lived 912 years 2. Seth knew Noah for 34 years before he died

C. Methuselah (4th great grandson of Seth) 1. lived 969 years 2. Methuselah knew Adam 243 years* 3. Methuselah knew Seth 355 years

D. Lemech (son of Methuselah) 1. lived 777 years (died before his father) 2. he is the father of Noah 3. died 5 years before the flood

E. Noah lived 950 years 1. Methuselah knew Noah 600 years and died the year of the flood 2. Talked with his father, Lemech 595 years

F. Shem son of Noah (father of all Semites) 1. lived 600 years 2. talked with Methuselah 98 years* 3. lived after the flood 502 years

G. Eber or Heber (great-grandson of Shem) 1. lived 464 years 2. knew both Noah and Shem

H. Terah (3 x great grandson of Eber) 1. lived 205 years 2. 130 yrs old when Abraham is born 3. talked with both Noah and Shem

I. Abraham (Abram son of Terah) 1. lived 175 years 2. Abraham knew Shem son of Noah 150 years 3. Noah died 2 yrs. before Abraham was born 4. Heber outlives Abraham by 4 years

J. Isaac (son of Abraham and Sarah) 1. lived 180 years 2. knew Shem (son of Noah) 50 years*

K. Jacob (called Israel and son of Isaac and father of the 12 tribes) 1. lived 147 years 2. knew Abraham 20 years

L. Levi (3rd oldest son of Israel – Jacob) 1. knew Isaac about 45 years* 2. knew Amram father of Moses who was his grandson* 3. great grandfather of Moses turn page over 4. Levi passed on the oral history to his grandson Amram*

M. Moses (son of Amram son of Kohath son of Levi) 1. Lived 120 years 3. brother of Aaron who knew their father approx. 65 years* 4. Moses receives the Oral Tradition from God and is commanded to write the

first 5 books of the Old Testament. Michal Hunt © 1991 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

The readings for Biblical Period #2: THE PATRIARCHS (Lessons 4-6)

1. God calls Abram Genesis 12:1-9 2. Abram’s tithe to Melchezedek Genesis 14:17-24 3. God’s Three-fold Covenant with Abram

Covenant #3 part 1 Genesis 15:1-21 4. The Birth of Ishmael Genesis 16: 1-15 5. Abram becomes Abraham/ part 2 of

Abraham’s Covenant Genesis 17: 1-27 6. The Theophany at Mamre Genesis 18: 1-15 7. Destruction of Sodom and Gomorrah Genesis 18:16-19:38 8. The Birth of Isaac and the banishment

of Ishmael Genesis 21:1-21 9. The Binding of Isaac and

Part 3 of Abraham’s Covenant Genesis 22:1-19 10. Abraham’s Covenant continues with

Isaac and Jacob Genesis 24-32 11. Jacob’s name is changed to Israel/

Joseph & the 12 Tribes in Egypt Genesis 32:22-32; 37:1- 47:31 12. The Blessing of Joseph’s Sons/

The Prophecy of Jacob-Israel Genesis 48:8- 50:26

WORLD POWER: EGYPT [all dates BC] Old Kingdom-------------------Middle Kingdom---------------2nd Intermediate---New Kingdom------------------

Semitic Hyksos (1570 Hyksos defeated 12th Dynasty 15th Dynasty 18th Dynasty begins)

2690-2686 2589-2504 c. 2000 1991-1782 1663-1555 1334 1202 1000 Giza Abraham? Joseph? Tutankhamun David Pyramids Israel 430 captures years in -----Moses? Jerusalem Egypt

All Egyptian dates taken from Ancient Egypt, Delia Pemberton [Chronicle Books, 1992] www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

THE COVENANT PROHIBITION AGAINST FAT, FLESH OR BLOOD This covenant restriction will be repeated 5 times in 7 Scripture passages: Genesis 9:4-5 “..with this exception: you must not eat flesh with life, that is to

say blood, in it.” Leviticus 3:17 “This is a perpetual law for all your descendants, wherever you

may live: that you will not eat either fat or blood.” Leviticus 7:25-26 “Anyone who eats the fat of an animal offered as food burnt for

Yahweh will be outlawed from his people. Wherever you live, you will never eat blood, whether it be of bird or of beast. Anyone who eats any blood will be outlawed [literally “cut-off” meaning “dead”] from his people.”

Leviticus 17:10-12 “If any member of the House of Israel or any resident alien consumes blood of any kind, I shall set my face against that individual who consumes blood and shall outlaw him from his people. For the life of the creature is in the blood, and I have given it to you for performing the rite of expiation [atonement] on the altar for your lives, for blood is what expiates for a life. That is why I told the Israelites: None of you will consume blood, nor will any resident alien consume blood.

Leviticus 17:14 “You will not consume the blood of any creature, for the life of every creature is its blood, and anyone who consumes it will be outlawed [cut off].”

Deuteronomy 12:16 “You will not however eat the blood, but will pour that like water on the ground.”

Deuteronomy 12:23-28

“Take care, however, not to eat the blood, since blood is life, and you must not eat the life with the meat. […]. The burnt offerings of meat and blood must be presented on the altar of Yahweh your God’ whereas in your sacrifices, the blood must be poured on the altar of Yahweh your God; the meat you yourselves may eat.”

M. Hunt © 2000 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com This covenant restriction is to be in effect for all generations. The penalty for anyone who refuses to obey this Covenant restriction is that the one who eats raw flesh or who consumes blood is to be “cut off” or excommunicated from the Covenant people—he will be “dead” to the community. The blood is the link to liturgical worship and the forgiveness of sins. The inspired writer of the New Testament book of Hebrews defines the necessity of this requirement in Hebrews 9:18-22 concerning the blood sacrifices of what will be the continuation and transformation of Yahweh’s Covenant at Mount Sinai, “That is why even the earlier covenant was inaugurated with blood, and why, after Moses had promulgated all the commandments of the Law to the people, he took the calves’ blood, the goats’ blood and some water, and with these he sprinkled the book itself and all the people, using scarlet wool and hyssop: saying as he did so: ‘This is the blood of the covenant that God has made with you.’ And he sprinkled both the tent and all the liturgical vessels with blood in the same way. In fact, according to the Law, practically every purification takes place by means of blood; and if there is no shedding of blood, there is no remission.” This is the key to understanding the sacrificial system established by Yahweh in covenant with mankind: without the shedding of blood there is no remission of sins!

7 LAWS OF THE NOACHIDE COVENANT

[Jewish Oral Tradition]

DO NOT BLASPHEME

DO NOT STEAL

DO NOT WORSHIP IDOLS OR EAT MEAT SACRIFICED TO IDOLS

DO NOT MURDER

DO NOT COMMIT ADULTRY OR

INCEST

DO NOT EAT RAW FLESH OR DRINK BLOOD

ESTABLISH COURTS OF JUSTICE

Decisions of the Fall

The natural and supernatural implications of our first parent's

decision to disobey God: -They had to choose between two kinds of life: natural and supernatural -They had to choose between two kinds of death: physical and spiritual. -They had to choose between two kinds of wisdom: human and divine, and ultimately -They had to choose between two kinds of fear: fear of God or fear of suffering.

THEME OF THE DEPOSED FIRSTBORN SONS IN

GENESIS and the LINE OF THE HOLY SEED

Firstborn Sons

Younger Brothers:Holy Seed *

Genesis

Cain Seth* 4:25-26 Ishmael Isaac* 21:12 Esau Jacob* 25:23 Ruben Judah* 49:3-4; 8-10Zerah Perez* 38:27-30 Manasseh Ephraim 48:17-19

* line of the holy seed leads to the Messiah

Handout Lesson #4: SHEM AND MELCHIZEDEK

Blessed be Yahweh, God of Shem, let Canaan be his slave! May God make space for Japheth, may he live in the tents of Shem, and let Canaan be his slave! Genesis 9:26-27

According to the Jewish Oral Tradition and to Catholic theologians like St. Nicholas of Lira, Shem is the King of Righteousness [Melchizedek in Hebrew] to whom Abraham pays a tithe in Genesis 14:18-20. Shem was the righteous firstborn son of Noah in whom the covenant with Yahweh and the line of the “promised seed” of Genesis 3:15 continues. Shem is the first man is Sacred Scripture who is identified as Yahweh’s man [see quotation above from Genesis 9:26]. Abraham is Shem’s descendant according to the Biblical genealogy of Genesis 11:10-26. Shem's age Descendants 100 years Birth of Arpachshad 135 years Birth of Shelah 165 years Birth of Eber 199 years Birth of Peleg 229 years Birth of Reu 261 years Birth of Serug 291 years Birth of Nahor 320 years Birth of Terah 390 years Birth of Abraham 489 years Birth of Ishmael 565 years old Death of Abraham 600 years old Death of Shem Shem outlived Abraham M. Hunt © 1991 Question: The Fathers of the Church saw Melchizedek as a type of Christ. What parallels can you see between this righteous King of Salem and Jesus of Nazareth? Answer: Both Melchizedek and Jesus serve Yahweh as: 1. A righteous firstborn son. 2. Serves Yahweh as priest and king. 3. Melchizedek rules in Salem /Jerusalem, and Jesus rules in the heavenly Jerusalem 4. Priestly offering of bread and wine; Jesus = Eucharist 5. Receives tithes & offerings 6. Higher order of priesthood than the Sinai Covenant Levitical priesthood: Melchizedek's priesthood,

like Jesus' priesthood, is based on his firstborn son-ship. Biblical references to Melchizedek: Psalms 110:4; Hebrews 5:5-10; 6:20; 7:1-17 Prophecy of Genesis chapter 15 ♦ Abram's descendants will be exiles in a foreign land = Egypt. [Genesis 46:1-27]. ♦ They will be enslaved and oppressed for 400 years [Exodus 1:8-14; 12:40] ♦ God will bring judgment on the nation that enslaved these sons of Abram and they will leave with

many possessions [Exodus 12:35-36] ♦ In the fourth generation Abram's descendants will return to Canaan [four generations after entering

Egypt from the time of Jacob/ Israel = Levi, son (1) =Kohath, grandson (2)=Amran , great-grandson (3)- Moses (4) great-great-grandson

♦ Abram will die a happy old age; he was 175 years old [Genesis 25:7-8] www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

THE ABRAHAMIC COVENANT

Genesis 12:1-3 El Shaddai [God] initiated His covenant with Abram when he was living in Ur of the Chaldeans, promising land, descendants, and a world-wide blessing.

Genesis 12:4,5 Abram went with his family to Haran, lived there until he left at the age of 75 for the land of Canaan with his wife and nephew Lot

Genesis 13:14-17 Lot and Abram separate; God again promises the land to Abram and his descendants

Genesis 15:1-21 The Covenant is ratified when God passes between the 3 kinds of animals that Abram sacrificed and laid before El Shaddai.

Genesis 17:1-27 When Abram is 99 the covenant is renewed and his name is changed from Abram [exalted father] to Abraham [father of a multitude]. God promises a son by Sarah through whom the covenant will extend. The sign of the covenant as circumcision is established for all males from the 8th day of birth.

Genesis 22:15-18 The Binding of Isaac: confirmation of the covenant through Abraham’s obedience: “and in your descendants all the nations of the earth shall find blessing..”

The Abrahamic 3-fold Covenant was foundational to all other Biblical Covenants between Yahweh and His people: ♦ The promise of land: Israel’s possession of the Promised Land – Deuteronomy 30:1-

10 ♦ The promise of kingly descendants in the Davidic Covenant through which the

Messiah is promised – 2 Samuel 7:12-16 ♦ The promise that all nations would be blessed through Abraham is fulfilled in the

New Covenant in Christ – Jeremiah 31:31-40; Luke 22:17-20 As New Covenant believers we become the heirs of Abraham: Romans 9:6-8 “For not all Israelites are true Israelites nor are all Abraham’s descendants his children, but as Scripture says, ‘through Isaac shall your descendants be called.’ That means that it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God; it is the children of the promise who are to be considered descendants.” Jacob's prophecy in Genesis 49:10-11 "The scepter shall not pass from Judah, nor the ruler's staff from between his feet, until tribute be brought him [until Shiloh come]*. And the peoples render him obedience. He tethers his donkey to the vine, to its stock the foal of his she-donkey.** He washes his clothes in wine, his robes in the blood of the grape." *Note: John 9:7 translates the Greek word "Siloam" [in Hebrew = "Shiloh"], as "the one who has been sent". **Also see Zechariah 9:9-11 and Matthew 21:1-9; Mark 11:1-11; Luke 19:28-38. M. Hunt, © 2004 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

Lesson #5: ISAAC SON OF ABRAHAM A “TYPE” OF JESUS CHIRST

Comparisons between the “offering up” of Isaac in sacrifice found in Genesis 22:1-18, known in Hebrew as the “akeidah” [the binding] and the Passion and Resurrection of Jesus Christ: ♦ Isaac and Jesus were "only, beloved" sons of a righteous father; Ishmael had been

sent away in Genesis 21:14 [Genesis 22:2]. ♦ Both Isaac and Jesus are identified as the "son of Abraham" [see Genesis 21:3; 22:2;

Matthew 1:1]. ♦ Both were offered in sacrifice [Genesis 22:2; John 1:29; Matthew 27:35; Mark 15:24;

Luke 23:33; John 11:5019:17-18]. ♦ The sacrifice was offered in the land of Moriah – Jerusalem [Genesis 22:2; 2

Chronicles 3:1; Matthew 16:21-23]. ♦ Both sons carried the wood for their own sacrifice [Genesis 22:6; John 19:17] ♦ Both were "bound" and placed on top of the wood [Genesis 22:9; John 19:18-19;

Philippians 2:8]. ♦ Both willingly allow themselves to be offered in sacrifice [Genesis 22:7-8; Colossians

2:6-8]. ♦ Both sons were given “resurrected” or “given back” to their fathers on the third day.

Isaac was essential “dead” to his grieving father when God commanded Abraham to sacrifice his son. On the “third day”* God provided another sacrifice and his son was restored. God’s son died on the Cross and was resurrected on the third day! [Genesis 22:4; Matthew 16:21; 17:23; 20; 19; Mark 9:31; 10:34; Luke 9:22; 18:22; 24:7, 44-47; Acts 10:40; 1 Corinthians 15:4].

M. Hunt, © 2000, revised April 2007 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com * see the document on the significance of the “third day” in the Documents/New Testament section of the Agape Bible Study website.

Why did God require circumcision as a sacrament of entrance into the covenant?

• Sign of obedience to Him in all matters• Sign of belonging to a Covenant

people• Symbolically represented the ‘cutting

off’ of the old sinful life. It was an external sign of an internal condition.

THE SYMOBLIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE THIRD DAY IN SCRIPTURE

For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the whale, so will the Son of

man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth. Matthew 12:40 (Catholic RSV translation)

The Scribes and Pharisees asked Jesus for a “sign” which would validate his claim that His authority to teach the people came from God and that He was indeed the Messiah. In response to their request, Jesus told them: An evil and adulterous generation seeks for a sign; but no sign shall be given to it except the sign of the prophet Jonah. For as Jonah was three days and three nights in the belly of the whale, so will the Son of man be three days and three nights in the heart of the earth (Matthew 12:39-40). The problem with Jesus’ statement is that Jesus was in the “heart of the earth” for three days as the ancients counted (with Friday counting as day #1), but not three days and three nights from Friday to dawn Sunday morning. Was Jesus speaking literally or was He speaking symbolically? In Scripture the number three is one of the so called “perfect numbers.” The other “perfect numbers” are seven, ten, and twelve. In Scripture the number three signifies completeness or perfection and points to what is solid, real, and substantial, and as a number which indicates completeness it always identifies some important event in Salvation History (see the document “The Significance of Numbers in Scripture”).. In the Old Testament:

• It is the first of the 4 perfect numbers which are 3 (divine perfection); 7 (spiritual perfection); 10 (ordinal perfection); and 12 (governmental perfection).

• The earth was separated from the waters on the 3rd day • The three Patriarchs: Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob/Israel • The three verses of the Priestly Blessing in which the Tetragrammaton, YHWH,

God’s holy covenant name, appears 3 times [Numbers 6:24-26]. • Three times the Seraphim cry “Holy, Holy, Holy” (Isaiah 6:3 and Revelation 4:8). • After the Great Flood mankind descended from the three sons of Noah, Shem,

Ham, and Japheth. • Three “men” announced to Abraham that his barren wife would bear a son

[Genesis 18:14]. • Abraham was commanded to sacrifice his son after a 3-day journey to Mt. Moriah

[Genesis 22:1-4]. • Baby Moses was hidden by his mother for 3 months [Exodus 2:1] and the adult

Moses requests of Pharaoh that he let Moses take his people on a 3 day journey into the wilderness to offer sacrifice to their God [Exodus 3:18].

• There were 3 divisions of the desert Tabernacle and later the Temple in Jerusalem: the Outer Court, the Holy Place, and the Holy of Holies [Exodus 27:9; 26:1-30, 35-37; 31-34; 38:9-20; 21-31; 40:1-33; 1 Kings 6: 1-37].

• The Theophany at Sinai was on the third day after the people arrived

• God is mentioned three times in the Shema (the first profession of faith in Deuteronomy 6:4) and three times in the blessing in Numbers 23:24.

• There are 3 attributes of God mentioned in Exodus 33:18-19: hen, rachum, and hesed (gracious, compassionate /merciful, and loving kindness).

• Of the 7 Holy Feasts of the Sinai Covenant, 3 are Pilgrim feasts in which every man 13 years or older must present himself before God at the Temple in Jerusalem.

• Jonah spent 3 days in the belly of the great fish [Jonah 1:17]; Jonah took a 3 day journey across the city of Nineveh [Jonah 3:3]

In the New Testament: • Jesus’ ministry lasted three years. • Mary stayed with Elizabeth about three months [Luke 1:56] • Jesus was missing for three days when He was twelve years old [Luke 2:46] • Jesus took three men, Peter, James and John, up on the Mt. of Transfiguration

[Matthew 17] • Jesus arose from the dead on the third day. • Saul was blinded for three days [Acts 9:9] • The theological virtues are faith, hope, and charity [1 Corinthians 13:13] • The heavenly Jerusalem has three gates on each of its four sides [Revelation

21:13] • Christians saw three as symbolic of the Trinity, the triune nature of God: Father,

Son, and Holy Spirit. • Three is also recognized as the number of the Holy Spirit.

In the symbolic language of the Bible, a three day period points to an act of divine intervention which impacts Salvation History. In the Matthew passage Jesus refers to three days, applying the significance of the three day period to His resurrection and man’s redemption. Examining other cases where three days are significant in God’s plan of redemption is relevant for understanding Jesus’ reference to three days. For example, in Genesis chapter 22, Yahweh tells Abraham to take his son to the land of Moriah where he is to offer his son in sacrifice (Genesis 22:1-4); it is On the third day that Abraham arrived and saw the place in the distance. Instead of the sacrifice of Isaac, God intervenes and commands Abraham to sacrifice a ram in the place of his son. Isaac is redeemed, and he who was as good as dead was raised up and restored to his father on the third day. This “three days” imagery prefigures the sacrifice and resurrection of Isaac’s descendant Jesus the Messiah. Sometimes this symbolic expression for divine intervention and restoration after a time of trial is expressed as “on the third day” and at other times as “after three days.” It was after the third day that the Pharaoh’s cupbearer was restored to his former position as Joseph had prophesized in Genesis 40:12-23. Another reference to restoration on the third day is found in Hosea 6:1-2 where Yahweh tells His prophet a time will come when His covenant people will acknowledge their sins and seek redemption and restoration, as

they cry out Come, let us return to the LORD; for he has torn, that he may heal us; he has stricken, and he will bind us up. After two days he will revive us; on the third day he will raise us up, that we may live before him. While the prophetic reference to “the third day” in Joseph’s prophecy in Genesis 40: 12-23 may have been literal as well as symbolic, the prophet Hosea promised a third day restoration that is understood by the Old Testament faithful to be symbolic of God’s plan of salvation and redemption. The Hosea passage was not concerned with a literal three day period but with a short period of intense trial followed by God’s divine intervention to bring about the restoration of God’s people in God’s own time. Jesus’ reference to the three days and three nights in Matthew 12:40 is a reference in biblical language to the promise of divine intervention in God’s plan of salvation, linking Jonah’s mission to the lost souls of Nineveh and Jesus’ mission to the lost sheep of Israel. Saint Paul wrote about the significant “third day” event of the Resurrection in 1 Corinthians 15:3-8, and the witnesses who testified to it. Paul testified that the timing of the resurrection event was not according to man’s time but “according to the Scriptures”: For I delivered to you as of first importance which I also received, that Christ died for our sins and in accordance with the scriptures, that he was buried, then he was raised on the third day in accordance with the scriptures, and that he appeared to Cephas, then to the twelve. Then he appeared to more than five hundred brethren at one time, most of whom are still alive, though some have fallen asleep. Then he appeared to James, then to all the apostles. Last of all, as to one untimely born, he appeared also to me. When Paul writes that the “timing” of the event of the Resurrection was “in accordance with the Scriptures,” it is the Old Testament Scriptures to which he is referring. Paul also makes the symbolic “third day” reference in the language of the Scriptures, linking it to God’s intervention at the climatic moment of man’s promised restoration of fellowship with God as promised to the Prophet Hosea in Hosea 6:1-2. It is the Resurrection of Jesus Christ which occurred, as Paul writes, “on the third day,” an event which occurred literally but at the same time was full of symbolic significance, and through which all who believe will also be raised up to eternal life. Michal Hunt © Ash Wednesday 2008 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

Lesson #6: Handout for Age of the Patriarchs Part III The Fathers of the Church saw the Unnamed Servant as symbolic of God the Holy Spirit. The Holy Spirit is the only person of the Holy Trinity who does not have a personal name. Compare the major players in this narrative with the Most Holy Trinity and the Church: Just Father Abraham God the Father Yahweh Righteous Son Isaac Jesus the Son Servant Unnamed Servant Holy Spirit The Bride Rebecca The Church God continues the 3-fold Abrahamic Covenant: First Generation Second Generation Third Generation Abraham Isaac Jacob Land: 12:2; 15:7, 18; 17:8; 22:17

Land: 26:3 Land: 28:13; 35:12

Descendants 12:2; 15:4-5; 17:2-6; 22:17

Descendants: 26:3 Descendants: 28:14; 35:10

World-wide blessing 12:2; 22:18

World-wide blessing: 26:4 World-wide blessing: 28:14

Jacob/Israel's Twelve sons and one daughter* LEAH'S SONS Leah's servant

ZILPAH'S SONS RACHEL'S SONS Rachel's servant

BILHAH'S SONS Ruben #1 Gad # 7 Joseph #11 Dan #5 Simeon #2 Asher #8 Benjamin #12 Naphtali #6 Levi #3 Judah #4 Issachar #9 Zebulun #10 *A daughter, Dinah, was born to Leah after Zebulum and before Josheph. The Fathers of the Church saw Joseph son of Jacob as a "type" of Christ. What similarities can you see between Joseph and Jesus? Answer: JOSPEH JESUS 1. Joseph escapes death by going into Egypt. 1. Jesus escapes death by going into Egypt 2. He is betrayed by his brothers, the sons ofJacob/Israel.

2. Jesus is betrayed by his brothers, the sonsof Israel--the Jews.

3. Joseph's brothers believed he was dead but he was found to be alive.

3. Jesus was believed to be dead but He was Resurrected from the dead.

4. Joseph is the beloved son of Jacob 4. Jesus is the beloved Son of God M. Hunt © 2000 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com

Readings for Biblical Period 3: THE TWELVE TRIBES IN EGYPT/ THE SINAI COVENANT Lessons 7-9

1. Enslavement of Israel Exodus 1:1-22 2. Infant Narrative of Moses Exodus 2:1-10 3. Moses Flees Egypt Exodus 2:11-15 4. The Call of Moses Exodus 3:1-6:30 5. The Return of Moses/ The Ten

Plagues Exodus 7:1-11:10 6. The First Passover Exodus 12:1-51 7. The Exodus/ Manna, Quails,

and The Rock Exodus 12:33 - 14:31; 16:1-17:7 8. The Sinai Covenant/ The Establishment

Of Liturgical Worship Exodus 19:1- 28:42 9. The Aaronic Priesthood and

The Daily Sacrifice Exodus 29:1-42 10. The Sin of the Golden Calf Exodus 32:1-35 11. The Building of the Tabernacle Exodus 36:8 - 40:38 12. The Laws of the Covenant/ The

Seven Sacred Feasts Leviticus 23: 1-44

WORLD POWER: EGYPT [not all Egyptologists agree on BC dates especially English vs US Egyptologists]

New Kingdom 1570-1070BC [dates from founding of 18th Dynasty by Ahmose I in 1570BC] 18th Dynasty 1570-1293------------------------------------------19th Dynasty------------------------------------------------ 1386-1349 1350-1334 1334-1325 1321-1293 1293-1291 1291-1278 1278-1212 1212-1202

Amenhotep III Amenhotep IV Tutankhamun Horemheb Ramesses I Seti I Ramesses II Merneptah Married a [Akhenaten- [succeeded by [general who Merneptah Stele Non-royal “the heretic”] his Vizier Ay] became pharaoh lists nation of Israel 1st wife after Ay’s death] among people pharaoh Queen Tiy campaigned against successfully.

-----------------------Moses ?---------------------------------- Archaeological evidence [in Egyptian ‘mose’= is born; supporting Israel as it is a common ending for early 18th Dynasty names] established nation

All Egyptian dates taken from Ancient Egypt, Delia Pemberton [Chronicle Books, 1992]

Handout Lesson #7: JOSEPH SON OF ISAAC AS A “TYPE” OF CHRIST

JOSPEH JESUS 1. Joseph escapes death by going into Egypt.

1. Jesus escapes death by going into Egypt.

2. He is betrayed by his brothers, the sons of Jacob/Israel.

2. Jesus is betrayed by his brothers, the sons of Israel—the Jews.

3. Joseph's brothers believed he was dead, but he was found to be alive.

3. Jesus was believed to be dead, but He was resurrected from the dead.

4. Joseph is the beloved son of Jacob/Israel.

4. Jesus is a “son” Israel (descendant) and He is also the beloved Son of God.

Michal Hunt © 1999 www.AgapeBibleStudy.com