Events Leading to the Revolutionary War Student made.
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Transcript of Events Leading to the Revolutionary War Student made.
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Events Leading to the Revolutionary
War
Student made
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Seven Years War
Stamp Act
Proclamation of 1763
Quartering Act
Townshed Act
Boston Massacre
Boston Tea Party
Intolerable Acts
First Continental Congress
Lexington & Concord
Revol ut iona r y W
a r
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Colonial Life• By mid 1700’s many
immigrants had arrived from several European countries (PLURALISM)
• Slave demand grew; Between 1770-1775, 250,000 brought.
• Pluralistic society forms religious tolerance (ENLIGHTENMENT)
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• The “Great Awakening” 1730-1750
-Strengthening of religions (self worth) challenged authority (Church of England and government)
-Gave colonists a sense of independence
Jonathan Edwards
One of the most influential early American theologians, Jonathan Edwards’s fiery sermons helped trigger the Great Awakening, a period of evangelical zeal during the 1740s that produced numerous conversions and greatly increased church membership.Copyright of Encarta.msn.com
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Back in England• 3,000 miles separate
England and Colonies and messages took 5 weeks or longer
• England busy with conflicts in Europe and didn’t enforce many rules for colonies (known as salutary neglect)
• In Colonies-Right to vote: free white male over the age of 21 who owned land. 75% in NE (white men), less in the south.
• King had to approve a law passed by the assemblies veto = rejection
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Seven Years War(a.k.a. “French and Indian War” 1756-1763)
• Both England and France claimed Ohio River Valley; At first Indians and French triumphed, but English and colonist won the war
• Many battles over many years
• Treaty of Paris (agreement)
• England received control of Canada, Ohio Valley, land east of the Mississippi River, and Florida
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Proclamation of 1763
• British closed territory west of Appalachian Mountains. Colonists couldn’t settle, and now British had control of the land (gained from France)
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Quartering Act (1765)• Colonists had to feed and
shelter troops• 1765-local Gov. had to pay
for supplies. (N.Y. assembly said “no” because it was a burden on colonies)
• Parliament (England’s King & Gov.) threatened to take away power of assembly; colonists gave in
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Stamp Act (1765)• Most hated England’s
attempt to raise money• Stamp Act required
colonists to buy a revenue stamp for each newspaper, pamphlet, almanac, cards… hard on lawyers, tavern owners, merchants and printers
• People protested • Sons of Liberty formed
(protests & riots)(Samuel Adams was leader)
• Declaration of Rights were written (“No taxation without representation”) So British back down and Stamp Act failed in March, 1766
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Townshed Act (1767)
• Taxed paint, glass, lead, paper, and tea
• Customs officials were granted WRITS OF ASSISTANCE (Rights)- gave British power to search for smuggled goods in homes/businesses at anytime.
• Colonies boycotted these goods. Colonists made their own clothes, paper, and paint
• Women organize creating Daughters of Liberty
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These are examples of the stamps that were used during the Stamp and Townshed act.
Encarta.msn.com
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Boston Massacre (1770)• British troops housed
in Boston since 1768• Sam Adams- author
of newspaper got people riled up
• March 5th, 1770, some unemployed people attacked Boston Custom’s House & English soldiers came to aid
• Colonists threw things & five rioters were killed (Crispus Attucks- runaway slave)
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Boston Massacre (continued)• Colonists (Sam Adams - instigator) called this a
massacre to gain sympathy from other colonies (Paul Revere’s picture spread throughout colonies as propaganda)
• John Adams/lawyer/hero stood up for what was right by defending the soldiers in court
• Committee of Correspondence - 1772
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Boston Tea Party• Because of
colonists’ boycotts, in 1770 all taxes cancelled except tea tax
• Most colonists felt better. British supplied tea and lowered prices for lots of sales, but they raised taxes to manipulate colonists
• Protests were immediate. King George III was furious and wanted control!
• On Dec. 16th, 1773, disguised “Indians” dumped tea chests off three British ships in the Boston Harbor
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Intolerable Acts (1774)
• Parliament passed measures to punish people of Boston (for tea party)
• Closed Boston port until they could pay for the lost tea
• Governor banned town meetings
• Colonists called measures “INTOLERABLE”
• Committee of Correspondence needed to meet! Other colonies would need to help Boston!
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First Continental Congress (1774)
• Fall, 1774- delegates from all 13 colonies except GA met to discuss problems
• Decided acts were “null & void”
• Set a petition of grievances to king
• Embargo enforced (ban on trade) against England
• Told colonies to begin training soldiers
• Scheduled next meeting for May, 1775 (but it would be too late to avoid war)
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Lexington & Concord (April, 1775)
• Militia formed in 1774 (citizen army) “minutemen”
• April: 700 British soldiers sent to Concord, Mass., to arrest Patriot leaders John Hancock and Sam Adams
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Lexington & Concord (continued)
• Paul Reveres ride (and 2 others) WARNING, “The British are coming”
• 70 minutemen from Lexington, Mass., waited in village green
• Refused to lay down arms (guns)/Soldiers (Redcoats) rushed and shot
• 8 minutemen dead! Only 10 hurt!