EUROPEAN UNION AND MERCOSUR: REGIONALISM AND …...Claudia Sanchez Bajo Keywords: University of...
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EUROPEAN UNION AND MERCOSUR: REGIONALISM AND COOPERATIVES Prof Claudia Sanchez Bajo, PhD Governance Innovation Week, University of Pretoria, 4 May 2014 Copyright by Claudia Sanchez Bajo 2014 [email protected] 1
Transcript of EUROPEAN UNION AND MERCOSUR: REGIONALISM AND …...Claudia Sanchez Bajo Keywords: University of...
EUROPEAN UNION AND MERCOSUR:
REGIONALISM AND COOPERATIVES
Prof Claudia Sanchez Bajo, PhD Governance Innovation Week, University of Pretoria, 4 May 2014
Copyright by Claudia Sanchez Bajo 2014 [email protected]
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Introduction
Institutional and policy framework on cooperatives in regionalism in Mercosur and the European Union
Institutional participation of cooperatives in regionalism
Perceptions of cooperatives’ roles in building regionalism and governance
Copyright by Claudia Sanchez Bajo 2014 [email protected]
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Presenter
Presentation Notes
cornellclass.wordpress.com
Mercosur
– 1991 by Brazil,
Argentina, Paraguay and
Uruguay: Treaty of
Asuncion
– Venezuela signed
agreement 2006 -
difficulties
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Current Stage: customs union
Free trade among member states
Elimination of Custom Rights
Common External Tariffs
Want to become a World Economic Power
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Mercosur’s New regionalism
– Renegotiaton of Debt
– Signed a host of bilateral agreements
– Supply of Oil
– Banco del SUR (2009) Investment bank
Different treatment to smaller countries – according
to levels of development (eg Paraguay and
Uruguay)
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Presenter
Presentation Notes
ARGENTINA AND VENEZUELA: energy, industrial, agriculture, and health sectors in January 2009. Venezuela to ARGENTINA: OIL 26 September 2009 by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Ecuador, Bolivia and Venezuela with an initial capital of US$20 billion. Argentina, Venezuela, and Brazil were to have each pledged $4 billion, while Uruguay, Ecuador, Paraguay and Bolivia were to have contributed smaller amounts.[1][2] The intention of the bank is to lend money to nations for the construction of social programs and infrastructure.
Broader context
UNASUR – Union of South American Nations – Signed by Mercosur members – Originally signed in 2004
Alba Pacific Alliance MERCOSUR against FTAA
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Presentation Notes
There are two key free trade zones: TIERRA DEL FUEGO AND MANAUS
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Presenter
Presentation Notes
OTCA means Amazon Cooperation Treaty or ‘O tratado de Cooperação Amazônica’ Source: wikipedia
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http://aulablog.net/2012/12/18/mercosurs-future-whither-economics-2/ WTO data show that intra-regional trade as a percentage of total trade has declined from 31 percent in 2000 to 25 percent in 2011. Instead of being driven by integration, MERCOSUR’s trade patterns are propelled by skyrocketing trade with Asia, led by Argentine and Brazilian commodity exports.
RECM
Specialized institution composed of
cooperatives’ representative associations and
government representatives of Mercosur
regulating co-operatives
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RECM is one of the ‘specialized entities under the authority of the Common Market Group that has executive powers and falls second in powers within the overall Mercosur architecture.
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Country Number of Cooperatives Number of co-operative members
Argentina 12.760 9.392.713
Brazil OCB 7.682 7.887.707
SENAES 2.115 -
UNICAFES 1.090 -
Paraguay 1.121 998.000
Uruguay 1.543 1.000.000
Chile 2.314 1.180.692
Venezuela 254.529 1.968.897
Normative UE 1 First standards for cooperatives in the history
of European regionalism, under the responsibility of DG Enterprise:
Statute for the European Cooperative Society -2003
Communication from the Commission on the Promotion of Cooperatives - 2004 (ILO Recommendation 193 to 2002)
2014 TOIA Report on Cooperatives’ contribution to the EU (EU Parliament)
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Normative UE 3
Since 2003, tension between the Commission and the cooperative organizations: examples statistics, observatory, corporate governance, accounting standards, networks and clusters, services of general interest, worker buyouts
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Normative Mercosur 1
Intergovernmental decisions - consensus Working agenda –autonomy Regional standards – 2006 Cooperative Statute Organized study trips to EU institutions Books, research Conference with Euro-parl. and Mercosur
Parliamentarians in Montevideo on accounting norms
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Participation in regionalism in the EU and Mercosur : comparison
Advisory bodies : type of participation Regulation : type of role institutional building Connections with South Africa: type of
cooperation
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UE / MERCOSUR perception of cooperatives 2
Instrumental values: family needs and solutions as possible complement to structural reforms
Search for public policy solutions through external lobby supported by cooperative associations
Marginal presence at the moment
Poorly defined "social enterprise" model
Ethical and moral values: systemic solutions to poverty
Finding solutions through mainstreaming in public policy
Current presence is spreading rapidly as a model of accumulation and of socio-economic change. Supported by social movements
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UE / MERCOSUR perception of cooperatives in regional
governance 3 Some support from
trade unions and others (Italy is a case of good cooperation) No recent mobilizations in the streets of cooperativists
With significant support from unions and others (eg university). Again. Recent major mobilizations cooperative members and supporters in the street in MERCOSUR
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UE / MERCOSUR perception of cooperatives’ in regional governance 4
Economic model that still ensures the reproduction of society while structural reforms start
credit is hard to get Social economy under
attack
Economic model no longer provides the reproduction of society, after structural reforms
accessible credit Social and solidarity
economy growing
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Solidarity Economy became worldwide know
after the World Social Forum in Brazil in 2001, where cooperatives had
a high profile
Social and Solidarity Economy From Brazil in 2001, then Mercosur and worldwide, it reached the UN agenda in 2013
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