Living Lab Key Principles for Sustainable Smart Cities Marita Holst Botnia LL Director

Open Innovation• Henry Chesbrough coined the term open innovation in the

early 2000.• OI is built on Increased flow of information and knowledge

across organizational boundaries to speed up innovation processes.

• Open Innovation consist of three elements: – Culture– Structure– Business models

• OI demands new ways to think and act in organisations. • Letting go of control is central in Open Innovation.

03/05/2023 3

Living Labs and ENOLL• Living Labs emerged in parallel to the open innovation movement.

Going one step further taking a Quattro Helix Approach• ENOLL was established in 2006 via the Project CoreLabs

– Answering to the need for increased citizen/user participation. Beta testing was a trend. User-driven innovation was in focus.

– Wanted to create Labs which enabled citizens/users to contribute to innovation and technology development in real world settings.

• Key Components, Key Principles and evaluation criteria of Living Labs were defined.

• Remember! This is before the Smart Phones, IoT, CrowdSourcing and Big Data entered into our lives, a lot has happened!

Why do we need Key Principles?

• Facilitates: Design LL operations Investigation of impact and value of Living

Labs Understand and develop best practices for

Living Labs Elevation on each others research on Living

Labs

• Creates best practices of Living Lab operations

03/05/2023 5

Key Components and Principles

03/05/2023 6

Living Lab Key-Principles in practiceValue

Experienced value of the innovation Focus on understanding needs and motivators Values arising from experiences and reflection of use

Influence: The input from stakeholders is used The results of the input should be communicated Users are active, competent partners and domain experts

Sustainability: Continuous learning – development of theories, models and methods Minimise environmental impact by developing sustainable innovation

and innovation processesOpenness;

Engage multi stakeholders to participate Openly share ideas and designs Have an open mind

Realism: Make real world implementations Stimulate real use situations Understand stakeholders different views on reality

03/05/2023 7

Identified value of key principles• Value – Better business model design, increased customer

knowledge• Influence – More desired product and services, increased

customer satisfaction• Sustainability – Decrease environmental impact, Strengthen

viability of organization and/or services• Openness – Boosted innovation capacity• Realism – Increased understanding and relevant knowledge

generation

03/05/2023 8

Digitalization Enables Smarter Cities and Regions

Citizens

Places

Education

Healthcare

Transport

Policy

Infrastructure

Living

Business

03/05/2023 9

Two perspectives on a Smart City

• Technology Focus:– Sensors, Software and Networks:

• Efficiency and individual in focus – Optimal traffic flows, energy consumption – Find your way quickly (restaurants, shops, entertainment etc.)

• Social Focus:– Global solutions with local services/values

• IT amplifies the experience of the city • Social interaction in focus:

– Find friends or people with similar interests – Create proximity via local information/knowledge

Value (need based)

Trends Value from engagement must be

clear Peoples free choice of what to

install and use Monetary value and growth in focus Technological overconfidence Crowd funding

Challenges: To create value-based innovations Competing values “what´s in it for me?” How to motivate engagement -

motivational factors are changing

Benefits Creative solutions Higher level of innovation Smoother adoption of

innovations Market impact Increased user satisfaction

Influence (co-creation)Trends:

Citizens/Users are viewed as factors (data-containers)

Citizens wants to make a difference and be important

Citizens want freedom of choice A flood of opportunities and events

that want people to engage Crowdsourcing Citizen Science

Challenges: Find motivated citizens; where, how

to reach, how motivate Find representative citizens Creating and using co-creative

methods Listen to, respect, citizen’s needs Translate needs to requirements

Benefits Empowerment of citizens Balance perspectives Large amount of insights Faster innovation processes Informed decisions Increased understanding of real

world contexts

SustainabilityTrends:

Climate change; energy, transportation, waste management,

etc Sharing economy

Challenges: Sustainable innovations &

processes Get people engaged and keep them

engaged in these issues Activate people Climate stress Reluctance to take action Long term engagement of citizens

Benefits Stimulates creativity Sustainable use of resources Societal Environmental Economical Future generations

Well we all need to eat, drink water, and breath so..

Openness

Trends: Open Innovation Open Data Open Science Open Government

Challenges: Handling consequences from

openness: who is open, why, when, and with what?!

Privacy issues Citizens more careful on what

they share and where Less open and curios regarding

innovations

Benefits Stimulate innovation Enhance creativity Creates growth Increased understanding

of citizens Boosted business

opportunities Input from many

stakeholders

Realism (real-world)

Trends Large scale piloting – require

working technology Scalability, speed and flexibility IoT implementations in city

contexts The borders between the

physical and the digital is blurred

Challenges Find and engage pilot contexts

Get real access to data, customers, contexts, etc..

Responsibilities during and after piloting

Relationships between stakeholders

Benefits Real world experiences New target user groups Learn about citizens needs and

goals Understand usage of services in

everyday practice Understand how the innovation

fits into citizens technology landscape

Stimulates diffusion and adoption of innovation

Support innovation processes for the whole value chain Answer to trends such as:

• Citizens changed roles from actors to factors• Increased demands for shorter time to market• Globalised market through the internet and IT’s use in

everyday practices• Democratization of Innovation• Crowdsourcing• Citizen Science• Digitalisation of society

Why are Living Labs important for Smart Cities?

03/05/2023 16

Thank You!