Essential nutrients

Kylee rose KosickComputers 8

Carbohydrates

• Makes energy • Examples– fruits, dairy, starches, candy etc..

• Are major source in diet of animals • 2 types simple, complex• When ingested, get absorbed in bloodstream as

glucose • Simple carbs are simple sugars, dairy products • Complex are whole foods, healthy.

Carbohydrates (cont)

• better to get simple sugars from fruits and milk.

• pancreas releases a hormone called insulin when you eat sugar

• turns into simple sugars • Helps to break down foods

Fats

Examples of edible animal fats-lard, fish oil, butter or gheeExamples of edible animal fats-peanut, soya bean, sunflower, sesame, coconut, olive, and oilsCan be sorted into saturated fats & unsaturated fats.Are foods that are made up of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen

Fats(cont)

• All fats have chains of fatty acids• Fats help in maintaining- healthy skin/hair, - body organs, - body temperature, - healthy cell function.- energy stores for the body

Proteins• Some fold into structure with small holes • -Are enzymes that help “biochemical”

reactions -Are helpful to metabolism-Are important in cell signalling- immune responses-cell adhesion -cell cycle.

Protein (cont.)

• Are parts of organisms and process within cells

• Has its own amino acid• people who eat vegetarian can still get

protein-rich foods.• Examples• -meat ,grains, dairy ,nuts.

Fibre

• Soluble fibre absorbs water • gelatinous, is cloaked by bacteria in the

digestive tract.• Insoluble fibre is not fermented.• major dietary insoluble fibre source.• lignin may alter metabolism of soluble fibres.

Essential Nutrients

Olivia BridgeComputers 8

• Helps body grow and develop -need for health, growth and reproduction• Examples, dairy, fruits, vegetables • Two types, fat soluble and water soluble -originally placed in categories based on function in body

Vitamins

Vitamins (Cont)

• An organic compound required as a nutrient in tiny amounts by an organism

• Thirteen different types -vitamin D in milk helps your bones -vitamin A in carrots helps you see at night -vitamin C in oranges helps your body heal if you get a cut -vitamin B in leafy green vegetables helps body make protein and energy

Vitamins (Cont)

• All living things plant or animal need them• Can be used over and over

-only tiny amounts are needed to replace those that are lost

-not a source of calories

Minerals

• Make people’s bodies work properly -boost immune system -help cells and organs do jobs• Examples are fruits, vegetables and dairy products• Are inorganic elements -come from soil, water and absorbed by plants eaten by animals• Carrots help you see in the dark, prevent eye problems -full of substances called carotenoids

Minerals (Cont)

• Two types macro minerals and trace minerals• Is a substance that is neither animal nor

vegetable; inorganic matter• Your body needs larger amounts of some, such

as calcium to grow and stay healthy -calcium would be a macro mineral, because it is a larger amount

Minerals (Cont)

• Trace minerals includes iron, manganese, copper, iodine, zinc, cobalt, fluoride and selenium

-trace mineral means you need small amounts of each of these minerals a day

Water

• Is essential for people and nature• Examples are most fruits and vegetables and

some dairy products• Freshwater faces crises -including contamination and shortages• Is a clear colorless tasteless odourless liquid• Two types, fresh and salt

Bibliography

• http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/vitamins.html

• http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/minerals.html

• http://www.canadians.org/water/

Bibliography

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dietary_fiber• http://

kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/protein.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protein• http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/fat.html• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fat• http://

www.wisegeek.com/what-are-carbohydrates.htm• http://kidshealth.org/kid/stay_healthy/food/carb.html