ESP, Spelling Rules

8/11/2019 ESP, Spelling Rules

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Practice writing words

Break words up in syllables

Look the meaning up in a dictionary

Review for 15-20 min. daily

Create a sentence using spelling words Create a story using spelling words


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We must know and understand the rules

of spelling in order to understand theexceptions.

English is one of the most difficult

languages even for native speakers.


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i beforee, except afterc

achieve, believe, bier, brief, chief, fiend,

friend, grief, grieve, hygiene, patience,pierce, priest, thief

ceiling, conceive, conceit, deceive, deceit,perceive, receipt, receive


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words that make the a sound

beige, freight, neighbor, sleigh, vein, weight, andweigh

Exceptions that do not have a pattern

either, feint, foreign, forfeit, height, leisure,

neither, seize, weird


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Change y to i when

adding an ending

supply supplies supplied supplying

worry worries worried worrying

merry merrier


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When ing is added,keepy.

When a vowel comes before they, keepy

cry crying cries criedstudy studying studies studied

obey obeyed obeying obeys obeyer

say said saying says sayer


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Add -sor esto

make wordsplural.

shoe + s =shoes

porch + es = porchesbox + es =boxes

bush + es = bushes

blitz + es = blitzes


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For proper nouns, keep

yand add -s.

Kennedy+ s= Kennedys

Words with a consonant ending plus -y,

change the -yto -iand add -es.companyy+ i+ es= companies

Words with a vowel ending plus

y, keepyand add -s

toy + s= toys


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The plain truth is they just need tobe memorized. child = children

foot = feet goose = geese

louse = lice

man = men

mouse = mice ox = oxen

tooth = teeth

woman = women


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Words that end in -ss, -sh, -chor-xadd -es.

switch= switches

Most nouns ending in for feadd s.Some change thefto vand add sor es.

belief = beliefs half = halves

Most nouns ending in oadd s.

Some add -es.

studio= studios cargo= cargoes


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Dropsilente if the endingbegins with a vowel.

advance+ -ing= advancing

surprise+ -ing= surprising

Keep silente if the ending begins with a consonantadvance+ ment = advancement

like+ ness = likeness

If a vowel comes before silenteDROPsilenteargue+ -ment= argument

true+-ly= truly


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ADMIT+ -ed= ADMITTED

1. ADMITends with a consonant2. Follows a vowel

3. Accented on the last syllable4. Therefore double thet before adding an -ingor ed1. admitting2. admitted

FLAP+ -ed= FLAPPED

The word FLAP is a one syllable word


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COUNSEL + -ing= COUNSELING

When there are two syllables with the stress on thefirst syllable, do not double the consonant before.

DESPAIR + -ed= DESPAIRED

When there are two vowels together before theconsonant, do not double the consonant.


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Change the-cto-ck

panic panickingpicnic picnicking

Words that end in -c


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With some verbs ending in -l, -m, and pyou can either doub le the consonant or

not .

t ravel travel ing or travel l ing

program program ing or programm ing

wo rsh ip wo rsh ip ing or wo rsh ipp ing


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Some words have silent letter combinations. You

must memorize these patterns.

gn, pn, kn= n

gnome pneumonia kniferh, wr = r

rhyme wrestle

pt, ght= t

ptomaine height

ps, sc= s

psalm science

wh= h

whole


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"When two vowels go walking, the first

one does the talking?"team

coat

waitNOTE: There are plenty of Exceptions!!


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Adding a prefixseldom changes the

spell ing of a word.

misspelled

unnecessary

dissatisfieddisinterested

misinform


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Becoming a Master Speller takes a

personal commitmentand

Finding your own method to add this

important skill to your writing arsenal.

ESP, Spelling Rules

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