ES Program Guide 2012-13

7/31/2019 ES Program Guide 2012-13

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imna b` Gbduaduw

Gb}a inqaw ide hwwhbd$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=

glbbn+hea uqeadu binw$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$7

nakadui}x glbbn u}qguq}a$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$5

Gq}}hgqni} }ikab}j hd ula nakadui}x glbbn$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

}awglbbn iu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$

hdea}oi}uad iu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$99dhuw b dyqh}x iu $$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$99

nakadui}x glbbn }bo}ik b dyqh}x$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$95

donhwl idoqioa I}uw$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =3

iulakiuhgw$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =7

d`b}kiuhbd agldbnbox ($$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$ =

Iwwawwkadu$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=

lxwhgin eqgiuhbd ($$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$=8

hda I}uwqwhg$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$73

Gbqdwanhdo$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$7=

a}phga ai}dhdo$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$75

Glhne}adw aehi Gadua} ai}dhdo qssb}u I`ua}+glbbn Iguhphuhaw }bo}ik$$$$$$$$$$$$$7

Ide hdinnx$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$$7

imna b` Gbduaduw


4/40

=

& Iebsuae mx ula Mbi}e b` }qwuaaw bd = gubma} =335

G I

duao}hux a}phga a}hu

Kdua}diuhbdin glbbn idhni hw id hdeasadeadu hdua}diuhbdin wglbbn lbwa wu}qguq}a u}iehuhbdw

EYOP_^BLLSEYE_LHQ]S_JL


5/40

7

Iu dua}diuhbdin glbbn idhni a a|sagu wuqeaduw ub b}j ub ula mawu b` ulah} imhnhux ub ma6

9$ ``aguhpa Gbkkqdhgiub}w lb gid hdua}igu ul}bqol i }idoa b` kbeaw b`

gbkkqdhgiuhbd ide `b} i pi}haux b` sq}sbwaw$

=$ dbnaeoaimna ide jhnnae ai}da}w lb gbduhdqinnx igyqh}a qwa`qn

jdbnaeoa ide wjhnnw lhna eapanbshdo qdea}wuidehdow( ig}bww i m}bie

ide minidgae }idoa b` gbdua|uw$

$ an`+eh}aguae ide Minidgae dehpheqinw lb wu}hpa ub iglhapa ulah}

sa}wbdin mawu ide qdea}wuide ula hksb}uidga b` hduannaguqin slxwhgin

ide akbuhbdin minidga$

5$ .YU\NQNYFEYO1LL@_NXL7Q]ABLS0]BXLQP lb gid ulhdj g}huhginnx ide

g}aiuhpanx ub kija hd`b}kae eaghwhbdw ide ulad uija iss}bs}hiua iguhbd$

$ awsbdwhmna Gi}hdo ide ulhgin Gbdu}hmqub}wlb gid aksiulhva ide

ma ubna}idu b` eh``a}adgaw ide i}a gbkkhuuae ub kija i sbwhuhpa hksigu

bd ulah} gbkkqdhuhaw ide adph}bdkadu$

K glbbn+hea uqeadu binw

WKWgl

bbnheaWuqeadubinw


6/40

5

la nakadui}x glbbn u}qguq}a

laAna

kadui}xWglbbnWu}qguq}a

la nakadui}x glbbn gbks}hwaw wapad xai} napanw6 }awglbbn gbpa}hdo ub xai}w( hdea}oi}uad

ide }ieaw 9 ub 5$ la ioa }idoa hw `}bk ul}aa ub uad$

igl o}iea napan hw kiea qs b` i uaik b` gniww uaigla}w uaigla} iwwhwuiduw ide ai}dhdo qssb}u

ide donhwl+iw+i+agbde+idoqioa ( uaigla}w$ la }bo}ik aiea} ìghnhuiuaw ide oqheaw ulauaik iu aigl o}iea napan$ la }bo}ik aiea} uaiglaw i gniww ide inwb liw gbdwhea}imna gq}}hgqni}

siwub}in ide iekhdhwu}iuhpa }awsbdwhmhnhuhaw$ igl }bo}ik aiea} inwb b}jw gnbwanx hul ula

}hdghsin ide Iwwhwuidu }hdghsin bd kiuua}w }aniuhdo ub ulah} o}iea napanw ide gq}}hgqnqk$

saghinhwu uaigla}w b}j hul ula wuqeaduw hd qwhg lxwhgin eqgiuhbd ( I}u hm}i}x jhnnw ide

d`b}kiuhbd agldbnbox$ b} ulbwa wuqeaduw `b} lbk donhwl hw id ieehuhbdin nidoqioa ide daae

LZ_QEJLBW_JNPVNBBALWQ]XNOLOAÛ\EBNLO,0"_LE@JLQP0_\OLY_PVJ]YLLOEOON_N]YEBBLEQYNYF

wqssb}u b} ad}hglkadu kix ma iwwhwuae mx bq} ai}dhdo qssb}u s}bo}ik$

Iu dua}diuhbdin glbbn idhni a s}bphea i lissx ide gi}hdo adph}bdkadu hd lhgl wuqeaduw i}a

glinnadoae ide imna ub uija id iguhpa }bna hd ulah} bd nai}dhdo$ a s}bphea id aeqgiuhbd miwae bd

gq}}adu mawu s}iguhgaw hd aeqgiuhbdin }awai}gl uliu mqhnew bd liu wuqeaduw jdb ide qdea}wuide$

a wu}hpa ub kaau wuqeaduw hdehpheqin daaew ide }agbodhva uliu aigl b` bq} wuqeaduw hw i qdhyqa

sa}wbd hul i ehwuhdgu wau b` pinqaw siwwhbdw a|sa}hadgaw ide heaiw$ a idu bq} wuqeaduw ub

gbkkqdhgiua yqawuhbd hdyqh}a ma hdeasadeadu ma }hwj+uija}w g}aiuhpa ulhdja}w ide b` gbq}wa

ub ma }awsbdwhmna ide gi}hdo sabsna$

d ula nakadui}x glbbn a qwa id duao}iuae dyqh}x Iss}bigl iw bq} Gq}}hgqni} }ikab}j$

l}bqol bq} s}bo}ik b` hdyqh}x wuqeaduw eapanbs ula wjhnnw qdea}wuidehdow ide ehwsbwhuhbdw ub ma

nhà+nbdo nai}da}w$


7/40

Gq}}hgqni} }ikab}j hd ula nakadui}x glbbn

hdulaA

nakadui}xWglbbn

l}bqol ula nakadui}x glbbn Gq}}hgqnqk }ikab}j wuqeaduw waa ula sq}sbwa b` liu

ulax i}a nai}dhdo$ l}bqol ula oqheae hdyqh}x s}bgaww ulax nai}d wjhnnw ide jdbnaeoa ide

issnx ulak hd id iquladuhg wauuhdo ub lans ulak eapanbs i gnai} qdea}wuidehdo b` liu ulax

i}a nai}dhdo ide lx$ l}bqol hdyqh}x nai}dhdo ebawdu gqnkhdiua hul ula s}awaduiuhbd b`

QLPLEQ@JYONYFP]Q_JL@]BBL@_N]Y]HB]_P]HHE@_P?JLNYH]QSE_N]YE@U\NQLOA^P_\OLY_PNP

\PLO_]QLYL_JLNQU\LP_N]YP_]A\NBO\YOLQP_EYONYFPEYO_JL]QNLPEYOVJLQLW]PPNABL

ub eapanbs id iguhbd snid uliu hnn u}idw`b}k ula bdobhdo nai}dhdo `}bk wglbbn b}j ub

P]SL_JNYF_JE_JEPWLQP]YEBPNFYN@EY@LH]Q_JL@JNBO

la jax i}aiw b` bq} Gq}}hgqni} }ikab}j i}a

}awglbbn ub }iea 9= wuidei}ew ide hdehgiub}w i}a obinw b` liu i nai}da} daaew ub

jdb qdea}wuide ide wlbqne ma imna ub eb hd aigl b` ula o}iea napanw$ la wuidei}ew

ide hdehgiub}w gbduihd eawg}hsuhbdw b` ula sa}`b}kidga a|saguiuhbdw `b} wuqeaduw

NYPWL@NLOFQEOLBLXLBAEYOPE_ONHHLQLY_BLXLBPEB]YFE@]Y_NY\\S]HNY@QLEPNYF

wbslhwuhgiuhbd hd nai}dhdo$

hwsbwhuhbdw i}a ula nh`a+nbdo maliphb}w a idu ub gqnuhpiua hd wuqeaduw$ lax i}a

}bbuae hd gbkkbd pinqaw uliu hnn lans i wuqeadu nai}d lb ub gbdu}hmqua sbwhuhpanx

ub ula wglbbn gbkkqdhux ide wbghaux iu ni}oa$ lawa hdgnqea mahdo }awsbdwhmna aulhgin

gi}hdo g}aiuhpa minidga ide wan +eh}aguae$

}idwehwghsnhdi}x wjhnnw i}a i wglbbn+hea wau b` m}bie awwaduhin wjhnnw uliu u}idwgade

wqmfagu i}aiw$ lawa hdgnqea gbkkqdhgiuhbd gbddaguhbd ide gbnnimb}iuhbd g}huhgin

_JNYDNYFEYOWQ]ABLSP]BXNYFQLPLEQ@JWLQP]YEBSEYEFLSLY_EYOQLL@_N]Y


8/40


Gq}}hgq

ni}}ikab}j

hdulaA

nakadui}xWglbbn

Ulhdjhdo hw i s}hb}hux hd bq} Gq}}hgqni} }ikab}j$ u hw hksb}uidu ig}bww ula lbna

gq}}hgqnqk$ hol+napan ulhdjhdo ebawdu fqwu lissad$ eqgiub}w s}bphea nai}dhdo a|sa}hadgaw

_JE_@JEBBLYFLP_\OLY_P_]U\LP_N]Y_]NYXLP_NFE_L_]QLL@_EYO_]P]BXLWQ]ABLSP

l}bqol ula s}bgaww b` hdyqh}x wuqeaduw qwa iss}bs}hiua uagldhyqaw `b} sbwhdo yqawuhbdw

OLYNYFWQ]ABLSPWQ]@LPPNYFEYOLXEB\E_NYFOE_EOQEVNYF@]Y@B\PN]YPEYOLZNAB^EWWB^NYF

YONYFP_]H\Q_JLQBLEQYNYFEYO_]@QLE_LYLVP]B\_N]YP

b g}huhgin anakaduw b` ulhw s}bgaww i}a

1LL@_NXL?JNYDNYF

1LL@_NXL_JNYDNYFNPEOLBNALQE_LWQ]@LPPEHHL@_LOA^LS]_N]YPEYOS]_NXE_N]YP._NP\PLO

_]OLXLB]WEYOQLYLNOLEPEYOALBNLHPEYO_]LZWB]QLONHHLQLY_EYOYLVWLQ@LW_N]YP

8NPNABL?JNYDNYFhwhmna ulhdjhdo hw id iss}bigl ub uaiglhdo ide nai}dhdo uliu aksliwhvaw ula qwa b` ulhdjhdo

}bquhdaw ide ebgqkaduiuhbd ub kija ulhdjhdo kb}a phwhmna hd gniww}bbkw$ lhdjhdo }bquhdaw

wqssb}u nai}dhdo `b} qdea}wuidehdo ide ula eapanbskadu b` wuqeaduw iw wan`+eh}aguae

nai}da}w$


9/40


hdulaA

nakadui}xWglbbn

Hdyqh}xhw i wuqeadu+gadua}ae iss}bigl uliu }ayqh}aw kb}a b` wuqeaduw ulid whksnx }aoq}ohuiuhdo

ìguw$ ai}dhdo hw mqhnu qsbd wuqeaduw s}hb} jdbnaeoa ide a|sa}hadgaw ide ula gbdwu}qguhbd b`

kaidhdo hw id iguhpa s}bgaww$ la obin b` hdyqh}x+miwae nai}dhdo hw eaasa} qdea}wuidehdo$ aiglhdo

hul ulhw obin hd khde dagawwhuiuaw i eh`à}aduhiuae iss}bigl ide i ulbqolu`qn minidga mauaad

ula sniddae ide ula wsbduidabqw$

Hdyqh}xLY@]\QEFLPBLEQYLQP_]B]]DE_EYNPP\L]HPNFYN@EY@LHQ]SS\B_NWBLWLQPWL@_NXLPEYO_]

YOEPWL@_P]H_JNPNPP\L_JE_@EYALLZWB]QLOH\Q_JLQ._WQ]XNOLPEW\QW]PLH]QBLEQYNYF_]QLEOO]

iul kija lxsbulawaw }hua sa}wqiwhpanx ide g}aiuhpanx ide apinqiua hd`b}kiuhbd$ dyqh}x inwb

s}bpheaw bssb}uqdhuhaw b} wuqeaduw ub u}idwà} ide issnx liu ulax lipa nai}dae ub kaidhdo`qn ide

pi}hae gbdua|uw$

aigla}w ide glhne gi}a s}bàwwhbdinw s}bkbua hdyqh}x mx wuhkqniuhdo wuqeaduw gq}hbwhux glinnadohdo

a|hwuhdo heaiw ide kbeanhdo iss}biglaw ub s}bmnak wbnphdo$

1LL@_NXL_JNYDNYFNYX]BXLPB]]DNYFE_]\QNOLEPEYOALBNLHPEPVLE__LSW__]QLE@JE@]Y@B\PN]Y

b} wbnquhbd$ lad wuqeaduw uinj imbqu ulah} bd ulhdjhdo ulax nai}d ub waa eh`à}adu sa}wsaguhpaw

ide }awsagu bula}w phaw$ lax ehwgbpa} lb ulax nai}d mawu ide qwa ulhw qdea}wuidehdo lad ulax

snid `quq}a hdyqh}x$

0_\OLY_PVJ]EQLAL@]SNYFNYU\NQNYFEYOQLL@_NXL_JNYDLQPOLS]YP_QE_LWLQPNP_LY@LLZNANBN_^

uijhdo }awsbdwhmhnhux ide uijhdo gi}a$ lax mqhne wjhnnw hd }aiwbdhdo yqawuhbdhdo eaghwhbd kijhdo

ide s}bmnak wbnphdo$

?JLH]@\P]Y_JNYDNYFAQNYFP_JLWQ]@LPP]HNYU\NQÊYOQLL@_N]Y_]EBB@\QQN@\BEQEQLEP


10/40

7QLP@J]]BE_.03

7QLP@J]

]BE_.03

q} sq}sbwa hw ub adoioa glhne}ad wb uliu ulax iglhapa iu ula lholawu sbwwhmna napan b` ulah} nai}dhdo

ul}bqol eapanbskaduinnx iss}bs}hiua s}iguhga$

la kbwu sba}`qn ix xbqdo glhne}ad nai}d hw ul}bqol snix$ nix hw ula awwaduhin anakadu b`

eapanbskaduinnx iss}bs}hiua lhol yqinhux ai}nx aeqgiuhbd s}bo}ikw$ nix hw iguhpa ide hdua}iguhpaide hulhd hu glhne}ad eapanbs }aniuhbdwlhsw a|sa}hkadu hkiohda g}aiua s}iguhga s}bmnak+wbnpa

}bna+snix ide nai}d hd ulah} a|snb}iuhbd b` da ide `ikhnhi} ulhdow i}bqde ulak$

?JL7QLP@J]]B@\QQN@\B\SE_.03QLL@_P_JLJ]BNP_N@VE^@JNBOQLYBLEQYEYOFQ]V

Glhne}ad adua} iw gisimna ide gbksauadu mahdow ide i}a s}bpheae hul bssb}uqdhuhaw ub mqhne

qsbd ulah} s}hb} jdbnaeoa ide kija kaidhdo`qn gbddaguhbdw hul da jdbnaeoa$ Gbodhuhpa

wbghin gqnuq}in slxwhgin ide akbuhbdin ehkadwhbdw b` lqkid eapanbskadu i}a hdua}bpad$ la

i}nx Glhnelbbe gq}}hgqnqk uijaw qs i kbean b` nai}dhdo uliu aksliwhvaw kaidhdo+kijhdo }iula}

ulid ula igyqhwhuhbd b` ehwg}aua wjhnnw$ la glhnew lbna gbdua|u ula slxwhgin adph}bdkadu ulaakbuhbdin gbdua|u }aniuhbdwlhsw hul bula}w ide ula glhnew hkkaehiua daaew iu idx kbkadu hnn

i``agu lb i si}uhgqni} a|sa}hadga gbdu}hmquaw ub ula glhnew eapanbskadu$ lhw hduao}iuae pha

b` nai}dhdo waaw ula glhne iw i sa}wbd lb iduw ub nai}d waaw ula uiwj iw i kaidhdo`qn lbna ide

waaw ula lbna iw o}aiua} ulid ula wqk b` hdehpheqin uiwjw b} a|sa}hadgaw$


11/40

?JL7QLP@J]]B@\QQN@\B\SLYEABLP@JNBOQLY_]

ija hdg}aiwhdo }awsbdwhmhnhux `b} ulah} bd nai}dhdo ide gi}a:

/LXLB]WEYOLYJEY@L_JLNQPLYPL]HPLBHV]Q_JNOLY_N_^@]YOLY@LEYO

adfbxkadu:

Gbdu}hmqua ulah} bd wsaghin wu}adoulw ide hdua}awuw:"LEQY\PLH\BEYOEWWQ]WQNE_LVE^P_]YO]\_VJE__JL^VEY__]DY]V

dea}wuide ulah} bd hdehpheqin ixw b` nai}dhdo ide mahdo g}aiuhpa:

apanbs i gi}hdo iuuhuqea ubi}ew bula}w$

ai}dhdo ide eapanbskadu hnn ma hduao}iuae ul}bqol

ssb}uqdhuhaw `b} bsad+khdeae a|snb}iuhbd:

Gbdwhwuadu dq}uq}hdo }aniuhbdwlhsw:

,ZWLQNLY@LPEYO@]Y_LZ_P_JE_JEXLSLEYNYFH]Q_JL@JNBOP\@JEP@]YN@_

}awbnquhbd wu}iuaohaw ide sa}wbdin kidioakadu wjhnnw gbkkqdhgiuhbd ide

s}bmnak wbnphdo($

q} }awglbbn gq}}hgqnqk mqhnew bd ula glhnew bd a|sa}hadgaw jdbnaeoa wjhnnw iuuhuqeaw daaew

hdua}awuw ide phaw b` ula b}ne$ Glhne}ad hnn lipa ula bssb}uqdhux ub g}aiua ide igu bd ulah} bd

heaiw ub eapanbs jdbnaeoa ide wjhnnw hd i}aiw uliu hdua}awu ulak ide ub kija id hdg}aiwhdo

dqkma} b` ulah} bd eaghwhbdw ide fqeokaduw$

Glhne}ad nai}d ul}bqol }awsbdwhpa ide }aghs}bgin }aniuhbdwlhsw$

agadu }awai}gl hdub m}ihd eapanbskadu liw wlbd uliu hdua}iguhbd s}bpheaw i }hgl wbghin b}ne `b}

glhne}ad ub nai}d mx u}xhdo bqu ulah} heaiw hul ieqnuw ide bula} glhne}ad$ Gbnnimb}iuhpa iwsh}iuhbdw

s}bfaguw ide iglhapakaduw i}a pinqae$

8

7QLP@J]]BE_.03


12/40

Glhne}ad i}a diuq}in hdyqh}a}w$ q} nai}dhdo adph}bdkadu s}bpheaw i b}ne b` ehwgbpa}x

hd lhgl ula}a i}a6

dua}iguhpa nai}dhdo bssb}uqdhuhaw la}a glhne}ad i}a aksba}ae ub uijabda}wlhs b` ulah} adph}bdkadu:

aigla}w `b}khdo kaidhdo`qn }aniuhbdwlhsw hul ula glhne}ad s}bphehdo ula miwhw

`b} ula ohpa ide uija b` gbkkqdhgiuhbd ide nai}dhdo:

Iss}bs}hiua snix bssb}uqdhuhaw ide kiua}hinw `b} glhne}ad ub hdua}igu hul:

aigla}w s}bphehdo wgi``bnehdo wqssb}u ide gbddaguhbdw( `b} ula glhne}adw

adeaipb}w:

aidhdo`qn wbghin hdua}iguhbdw hul ieqnuw ide saa}w:

Glinnadoaw `b} g}aiuhpa ide gbksna| ulhdjhdo ub s}bkbua ide a|uade heaiw

ide iguhbdw$

93

7QLP@J]]BE_.03

nix ide hdyqh}x i}a awwaduhin si}uw b` eapanbskaduinnx iss}bs}hiua s}iguhga ide i `bqdeiuhbd `b}

`quq}a wbghin ide igieakhg wqggaww$ Iw glhne}ad o}b ide eapanbs a adgbq}ioa ulak ub magbka

hdg}aiwhdonx }awsbdwhmna `b} ulah} bd maliphb} ide nai}dhdo$ Mx ula ade b` ula i}nx Glhnelbbe

^LEQPE_.0@JNBOQLYEQLLZWLQNLY@LOBLEQYLQP?JL^LY_LQ,BLSLY_EQ^0@J]]B@]YOLY_EYOQLEO^

`b} ula da|u wuioa b` eapanbskadu ide aeqgiuhbd$

la }awglbbn qwaw ula u}idwehwghsnhdi}x wjhnnw b` gbkkqdhgiuhbd g}huhgin ulhdjhdo ide s}bmnak

P]BXNYFWLQP]YEBSEYEFLSLY_EYOQLL@_N]Y@]YYL@_N]YEYO@]BBEA]QE_N]YEPVLBBEPPDNBBPNY_JL

lainulslxwhgin ebkihd ub `}ika ula ebgqkaduiuhbd b` glhne}adw nai}dhdo$

Iquladuhg iwwawwkadu }ayqh}aw uaigla}w ub oiula} eawg}hsuhpa ide hd`b}kiuhpa eiui `b} idinxwhw

b` glhne}adw nai}dhdo eapanbskadu ide hdua}awu$ a eb ulhw ul}bqol ula s}bgaww b` ebgqkaduiuhbd$

bgqkaduiuhbd shagaw i}a gbnniuae ide snigae hd aigl glhnew ai}dhdo bq}din$ la ai}dhdo

bq}dinw i}a iggawwhmna ub glhne}ad ul}bqolbqu ula xai} ide i}a uijad lbka iu ula ade b` aigl

wglbbn xai}$

7QLP@J]

]BE_.03


13/40

99

hdea}oi}uad iu K

dhuwb`dyqh}xiuWK

a eanhpa} bq} nai}dhdo s}bo}ik ul}bqol gi}a`qnnx eawhodae ide hduadwhpanx ehwgqwwae dhuw

b` dyqh}x$ lawa qdhuw i}a miwae bd gbdgasuqin qdea}wuidehdow ide ula }awglbbn }iea 9=

wuidei}ew ide hdehgiub}w$ ai}dhdo hw eaasadae ul}bqol hdyqh}x lad hu hw gbddaguae ig}bwwONHHLQLY_@\QQN@\B\SEQLEPEYOP_\OLY_PJEXLEY]WW]Q_\YN_^_]QLL@_EYOE@_]YVJE_JEP

maad nai}dae$

la ehio}ik waa sioa 97( wlbw liu ula kaidhdo`qn hduao}iuhbd b` eh`à}adu gq}}hgqnqk

i}aiw hdub id hdyqh}x qdhu kholu nbbj nhja$ iulakiuhgw ide idoqioa kix ma mbul uiqolu iw

wuide+inbdaEQLEP]QSEÂL NY_LFQE_LONY_]_JL\YN_]HNYU\NQ *LQL_JLP\AKL@_PWL@N@

qdea}wuidehdo ide wjhnnw hnn ma hd gbdua|u ide hnn adimna ula glhne}ad ub mauua} qdea}wuide

ula ui}oauae mho heai b} qdhu qdea}wuidehdo$ yqinnx wb ula wsaghinhwu nai}dhdo i}aiw b`

qwhg ide I}u gid ma kaidhdo`qnnx gbddaguae ub ula hdyqh}x qdhu la}a iss}bs}hiua$

ghadga bghin uqehaw anndaww ide d`b}kiuhbd agldbnbox i}a hduao}iuae ide pa}x }i}anx

uiqolu bquwhea ula qdhuw b` hdyqh}x$

Ig}bww inn ehwghsnhdaw ide gbdua|uw i}a ula wglbbn+hea hwsbwhuhbdw ide }idwehwghsnhdi}x jhnnw

lhgl i}a akmaeeae hd inn nai}dhdo$ uqeaduw i}a s}bpheae hul bssb}uqdhuhaw ub eapanbs

EYOQLL@_\W]Y_JLNQE__N_\OLP]QONPW]PN_N]YPVN_JNYONHHLQLY_BLEQYNYFPN_\E_N]YP.YOLLO

wuqeaduw i}a hd id bdobhdo wan`+apinqiuhbd s}bgaww ul}bqolbqu ulah} lbna wglbbn a|sa}hadga$

Iw wuqeaduw kbpa hdub hdea}oi}uad `}bk }awglbbn a i}a a|u}akanx gbodhvidu b` ulah}

eapanbskaduin daaew$ lhw hdpbnpaw i eh`à}aduhiuae iss}bigl si}uhgqni}x hd ula gb}a i}aiw b`

kiulakiuhgw ide nhua}igx$ uqeaduw hnn ma ohpad }aoqni} bssb}uqdhuhaw ub }aie ide }hua hd id

iquladuhg gbdua|u ide hnn ma s}bpheae hul s}bpbgiuhbdw ub wuhkqniua ulah} wjhnnw hd ulhw i}ai$ a

inwb qdea}wuide uliu aka}oadu }aiea}w ide }hua}w daae ub ma giua}ae ub hd i eapanbskaduinnx

iss}bs}hiua ix ide ma glinnadoae iu inn uhkaw$

dhuw b` dyqh}x iu K


14/40

}idwehwghsnhdi}x jhnnw

Gbkkqdhgiuhbd

G}huhgin lhdjhdo ide }bmnak bnphdo

Gbddaguhbd ide Gbnnimb}iuhbd

LQP]YEBEYEFLSLY_EYO1LL@_N]Y

awai}gl

la }idwehwghsnhdi}x jhnnw i}a si}u b` i wuqeaduw ubbnjhu dagawwi}x hd gbdeqguhdo hdyqh}x$

hul ula obin b` qdea}wuidehdo iu ula lai}u b` inn nai}dhdo a|sa}hadgaw iu eapanbshdo ulawa

PDNBBPLYEABLPP_\OLY_P_]V]QDVN_JFQLE_LQNYOLWLYOLY@LEP_JL^QL_JNYDQLYLEYOQLXNPL

liu ulax lipa nai}dae$ lawa wjhnnw i}a sa}uhdadu ub nai}dhdo uliu lissadw hulhd hdyqh}x

\YN_PNYP\AKL@_PWL@N@@\QQN@\B\SEQLEPNYPWL@NEBNP_P@BEPPLPEYOLXLYNYY]YE@EOLSN@

whuqiuhbdw wqgl iw ulbwa uliu lissad hd ula snixo}bqde$ aigla}w lipa eh``a}adu a|saguiuhbdw

b` liu ula }idwehwghsnhdi}x jhnnw nbbj nhja `b} wuqeaduw iu eh``a}adu eapanbskaduin wuioaw$

hwsbwhuhbdw

an`+h}aguae

Minidgae

G}aiuhpa

ulhgin

awsbdwhmna

Gi}hdo

?JL ONPW]PN_N]YP EQL @]Y_LZ_PWL@N@ EP ]WW]PLO _] ALNYF PNSWB^ WLQP]YEBN_ _QEN_P

EYOEVEQLYLPP]H_JLQ]BL_JL^WBE^NYP_\OLY_BLEQYNYFNPPNFYN@EY_H]QEBBBLEQYLQP

9=

dhuwb`dyqh}xiuWK

dhuw b` dyqh}x iu K


15/40

Id hdyqh}x iss}bigl ub nai}dhdo ide uaiglhdo wqssb}uw eh`à}aduhiuhbd$ u innbw `b} i pi}hauxb` kiua}hinw iu pi}hbqw napanw ub ma qwae iggb}ehdo ub ula hdua}awuw nai}dhdo wuxna ide

}aiehdaww ula wuqeadu liw$ uqeaduw i}a glinnadoae ub id iglhapimna napan lhgl lansw jaas

ulak kbuhpiuae ide eaasadw ulah} qdea}wuidehdow$ h`à}adu wu}iuaohaw gid inwb ma qwae iu

eh`à}adu wuioaw hul eh`à}aduhiuae a|saguiuhbdw$

h`à}aduhiuhbd

97

dhuw b` dyqh}x iu K

dhuwb`dyqh}xiuWK

Id duao}iuae dyqh}x+Miwae Gq}}hgqnqk

dhuwb`dyqh}x

donhwlidoqioa

I}uw

iul

saghinhwuI}aiw I}u

qwhg

hwsbwhuhbdw}idwehwghsnhdi}xjhnnw


16/40

95

la uimnaw uliu `bnnb ohpaw ula dikaw b` ula qdhuw uliu i}a wuqehae iu aigl o}iea napan ide ula

ui}oauae qdea}wuidehdow wuqeaduw hnn lipa mx ula ade b` ula qdhu$

la qdhuw b` hdyqh}x i}a u}idwehwghsnhdi}x ide e}hpad mx ula uidei}ew ide dehgiub}w$ la

nakadui}x glbbn qdhu qdea}wuidehdow i}a gbdgasu+miwae u}idw`a}imna ub bula} gbdua|uw ide gid

ma gbdwhea}ae ula kb}in b` ula wub}x b` ula qdhu ula hksb}uidu hd`a}adga ula nai}da} hw lansae

ub e}i$

.03,BLSLY_EQ^0@J]]B7Q]FQES]H.YU\NQ^

.03,BLSLY_EQ^0@J]]B7Q]FQES

]H.YU\NQ^


17/40

7J^PN@EB6LBB!LNYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la lqkid nhà gxgna

b bq} mbehaw `qdguhbd

Gqnuq}in sa}wsaguhpaw bd ulawuioaw b` nhà

}bqs Kakma}wlhs

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la pi}hbqw gbkkqdhuhaw amanbdo ub

q} whkhni}huhaw ide eh`à}adgawuliu kija qw lb a i}a

0^P_LSPH]Q7Q]ABLS0]BXNYF7QLON@_NYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

b diuq}in ide kid+kieabmfaguw malipa ide hdua}igu

b ide lx a qwa kiua}hinwide bmfaguw `b} eh`à}adusq}sbwaw

Gbkkqdhgiuhbd xwuakw

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

lx sabsna wli}a wub}haw

liu wub}haw gbdpax

b wub}haw i}a g}aiuae

b wub}haw kija qw àan

9



]H.YU\NQ^

hdea}oi}uad


18/40

9



]H.YU\NQ^

7LQP]YEB3LEYNYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

h``a}adu u}iehuhbdw

lx ide lb sabsna ganam}iuaide ula whkhni}huhaw ideeh``a}adgaw ig}bww gqnuq}aw

Gbddaguhbdw ub ulaiuq}in b}ne

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

Gi}hdo `b} sniduw

liu sniduw s}bphea

G}aiuhpa |s}awwhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

b a a|s}aww bq}wanpawul}bqol kaehi

b a qwa bq} g}aiuhphux ubadua}uihd bula}w

0\P_ENYEABL7Q]O\@_N]YGbdwqksuhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la eawhod b` mqhnehdow idewu}qguq}aw

b mqhnehdo hksiguw bd ulaadph}bdkadu

dehoadbqw i}glhuaguq}a

}iea 9


19/40

9



]H.YU\NQ^

Gbddaguhbdw ub ulaiuq}in b}ne

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

dua}easadeadga hulhdagbwxwuakw

la a``agu b` lqkid hksigu bdmhbehpa}whux

}bqs Kakma}wlhs

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

ikhnx lhwub}haw

la gbddaguhbd mauaad `ikhnxide sa}wbdin ide gqnuq}inheaduhux

G}aiuhpa |s}awwhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

b a qwa i pi}haux b`nhua}iuq}a ub a|s}aww bq}wanpaw

*]VBN_LQE_\QLQLL@_P]\Qgqnuq}a manha`w ide pinqaw

0\P_ENYEABL7Q]O\@_N]YGbdwqksuhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la b}hohdw b` `bbe s}beqguw

la wuioaw b` `bbe s}beqguhbdHQ]SLBO_]_EABL

}iea =


20/40

7J^PN@EB6LBB!LNYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

liu kijaw i lainulx nhàwuxna

la glbhgaw a kija hd bq} eihnx}bquhdaw

Gbddaguhbdw ub ula iuq}inb}ne

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

b}kw b` ada}ox

adaimna ide wqwuihdimnaada}ox

b ada}ox hw li}dawwaeu}idw`b}kae ide wub}ae

0^P_LSPH]Q7Q]ABLS0]BXNYFEYO7QLON@_NYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la glidohdo diuq}a b` ula ai}ul

b ide lx a bmwa}pa ides}aehgu aiula} siuua}dw idewaiwbdw

0\P_ENYEABL7Q]O\@_N]YEYOGbdwqksuhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

b whodw ide wxkmbnw ìghnhuiuagbkkqdhgiuhbd

b heaiw i}a }as}awaduaeeh`à}adunx ig}bww nidoqioaw ide

gqnuq}aw

}iea

9


]H.YU\NQ^



21/40

7LQP]YEB3LEYNYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la glinnadoaw ide }hwjw uliuglhne}ad ìga

lx a daae }holuw

la }awsbdwhmhnhuhaw uliu ob hul}holuw

}bqs Kakma}wlhs

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

la }aiwbdw lx sabsna kho}iua

la a`àgu b` lqkid kho}iuhbdbd hdehpheqinw ìkhnhaw idegqnuq}aw

0^P_LSPH]Q7Q]ABLS0]BXNYF7QLON@_NYF

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

?JNYDNYFP@NLY_N@EBB^

|snihdhdo bq} bmwa}piuhbdwimbqu ula diuq}in b}ne

0\P_ENYEABL7Q]O\@_N]YEYOGbdwqksuhbd

Hdyqh}hdo hdub6

aehi nhua}igx

b a iggaww idinxva ideapinqiua hd`b}kiuhbd `}bkeh`à}adu kaehi

q} }awsbdwhmhnhux hd g}aiuhdogbduadu `b} bula}w ub waa

}iea 5

98



]H.YU\NQ^


22/40

=3

donhwl idoqioa I}uw

Adonhwl

idoqioaI}uw

ksb}uidga b` hua}igx

Gbdu}bn bpa} wsbjad }huuad ide phwqin nhua}igx ohpaw xbqdo sabsna ula sba} ub qwa donhwl ub

LZWQLPP@]SS\YN@E_LEYOQLL@_]YLZWLQNLY@LP_J]\FJ_PEYOHLLBNYFP"LEQYLQPOLXLB]W_JLAEPN@

wjhnnw b` nhwuadhdo wsaijhdo }aiehdo phahdo ide }huhdo `b} i }idoa b` sq}sbwaw$ lhw gbksauadga

hdgnqeaw ula gisighux ub iefqwu ula nidoqioa `b}k ide gbduadu ub }awsbde ub eh`à}adu gbdua|uw

sq}sbwaw ide iqehadgaw$ u adgbksiwwaw ula imhnhux ub whugl mauaad ula ixw nidoqioa hw qwae

hd bdaw lbka ide gbkkqdhux ide ula eh`à}adu }aohwua}w }ayqh}ae ub gbkkqdhgiua wqggaww`qnnx hd

hdua}sa}wbdin `b}kin ide igieakhg wauuhdow$

apanbshdo wjhnn hul nidoqioa bsadw i }idoa b` sa}wbdin wbghin ide sbnhuhgin bsuhbdw hdgnqehdo

SEDNYF@]YYL@_N]YPVN_J]_JLQPQLP]BXNYF@]YN@_PNY@]YP_Q\@_NXLVE^PNYH]QSNYFWLQP\EONYFEYO

a|snihdhdo ide adoiohdo hd i}oqkadu ide eanhma}iuhbd$

ai}da}w daae ub ma imna ub qwa nidoqioa ub gbksbwa g}aiuhpanx ide ub gbks}alade g}huhginnx$ laxdaae ub }agbodhva huw hksigu bd ulak ide kija fqeokaduw imbqu liu hw mahdo wihe ide wlbd ub

ulak$ d i onbminnx gbddaguae b}ne ula wjhnnw b` gbkkqdhgiuhdo hd nidoqioaw bula} ulid bq} bd ide

nai}dhdo ub qdea}wuide hdua}+gqnuq}in a|glidoaw naie ub id iss}aghiuhbd b` nidoqioa ide b` gqnuq}in

ehpa}whux$ lhw ad}hglaw ula nhà a|sa}hadga b` hdehpheqinw ide ulah} gbkkqdhux$

la wuqeaduw nhwuad ub qdea}wuide }awsbde ub ide qwa b}in nidoqioa a`àguhpanx

hd i }idoa b` gbdua|uw$

la wuqeaduw }aie i hea }idoa b` nhua}i}x ide hd`b}kiuhbdin ua|uw$

la wuqeaduw issnx i hea }idoa b` }aiehdo wu}iuaohaw hd b}ea} ub gbks}alade

hdua}s}au apinqiua ide iss}aghiua ua|uw$

?JLP_\OLY_P\PL_JLVQN_NYFWQ]@LPP_]VQN_LVN_J\LY@ @BEQN_

ide s}aghwhbd$

la wuqeaduw }hua a`àguhpanx `b} i pi}haux b` sq}sbwaw ide iqehadgaw$

la wuqeaduw issnx jdbnaeoa b` nidoqioa wu}qguq}a ide nidoqioa gbdpaduhbdw hd

}huhdo$

la wuqeaduw qdea}wuide }awsbde ub ide qwa phwqin nidoqioa a`àguhpanx

hd i }idoa b` gbdua|uw$

la wuqeaduw qwa i pi}haux b` uagldbnbohgin ide hd`b}kiuhbdin }awbq}gaw`b} i }idoa b` sq}sbwaw$

?JLP_\OLY_PWEQ_N@NWE_LEPQLL@_NXL@QLE_NXLEYO@QN_N@EB_JNYDLQP

b` i nhua}iua gbkkqdhux$


23/40

=9

donhwl idoqioa I}uw

Adonhwl

idoqioaI}uw

,YFBNPJEPE0L@]YO"EYF\EFL,0"7Q]FQESla }bo}ik hd ula nakadui}x glbbn hw id hduao}in si}u b` aigl o}iea napan `}bk hdea}oi}uad

ub }iea 5$ igl o}iea napan liw i eawhodiuae wsaghinhwu uaigla} lb b}jw iw i si}u b` ula uaik

b` uaigla}w hd ul}aa ixw6

hua}igx gbdwhwuw b` ula `bnnbhdo wu}idew

hwuadhdo aiehdo ide hahdo

lhw `bgqwaw bd wuqeaduw eagbdwu}qguhdo i hea }idoa b` dbd+pa}min wsbjad

s}hdu phwqin ide kqnuhkaehi ua|uw `b} i pi}haux b` sa}wbdin wbghin gqnuq}in ide

iawulauhg sq}sbwaw$

saijhdo }huhdo ide as}awaduhdo

lhw `bgqwaw bd wuqeaduw gbdwu}qguhdo i hea }idoa b` dbd+pa}min wsbjad

s}hdu phwqin ide kqnuhkaehi ua|uw `b} i pi}haux b` sa}wbdin wbghin gqnuq}in ide

iawulauhg sq}sbwaw

Iw i }awbq}ga ub ula uaik hd sniddhdo `b} ide kaauhdo ula nidoqioa daaew b`

ula glhne}ad hd ula kihdwu}aik gniwwaw:

Iw id uaigla} s}bphehdo nidoqioa nawwbdw hd i wasi}iua gniww `b} bq}

NOLY_NLO,0"@JNBOQLYVJ]QLU\NQLP\WW]Q__]E@@LPP_JL@\QQN@\B\SIw i gbnnimb}iuhpa uaiglhdo si}uda} b}jhdo hul ula kihdwu}aik uaigla}w ub

eanhpa} hdgnqwhbd$

glbbn Manha`w

Mhnhdoqinhwk s}bpheaw wuqeaduw hul gbdg}aua gbodhuhpa ide kauinhdoqhwuhg

ALYL_PNY_JLB]YF_LQS

LBBOLXLB]WLOBN_LQE@^NY_JLQP_BEYF\EFLNPEW]PN_NXLEOXEY_EFLNYBLEQYNYF

donhwl$

h}wu nidoqioa kihduadidga `ighnhuiuaw `ikhnx saa} ide gbkkqdhux }aniuhbdwlhsw

hd ieehuhbd ub ula eapanbskadu b` wan`+awuaak ide headuhux hd glhne}ad$


24/40

==

donhwl idoqioa I}uw

Adonhwl

idoqioaI}uw

h}wu idoqioa

%_.0VLQL@]FYN[L_JLNSW]Q_EY@L]HSENY_ENYNYFEYOOLXLB]WNYFBN_LQE@^PDNBBPNYEP_\OLY_PQP_

BEYF\EFL1LPLEQ@JJEPPJ]VY_JE_@JNBOQLYVN_JVLBBOLXLB]WLOBN_LQE@^NY_JLNQQP_BEYF\EFLEQL

imna ub u}idwà} ulbwa wjhnnw ub ula wagbde ide wqmwayqadu nidoqioaw$ lhw kaidw uliu ula mauua}

OLXLB]WLOE@JNBOPQLEONYFVQN_NYFEYO]QEB@]SS\YN@E_N]YPDNBBPNY_JLNQQP_BEYF\EFL_JLLEPNLQ

hu hw `b} ulak ub nai}d ula wika wjhnnw hd donhwl$

a lipa id adb}kbqwnx ehpa}wa wuqeadu sbsqniuhbd iu ide a manhapa ulhw s}bpheaw ula wuqeaduw

hul i bdea}`qn bssb}uqdhux ub nai}d imbqu bula} nidoqioaw ide gqnuq}aw `}bk aigl bula}$ lhw }hgl

ONXLQPN_ÊBP]SLEYP_JE_VLEQL\YEABL_]WQ]XNOLQP_BEYF\EFL@BEPPLPH]Q]\QP_\OLY_PP]VLQLB^

]YWEQLY_PEYOHESNBNLPH]QQP_BEYF\EFLSENY_LYEY@LEYOLY@]\QEFLHESNBNLP_]SEDLE@]YP@N]\P

a``b}u ub eb wb$

liu gid xbq eb ub lans xbq} glhne magbka mhnhdoqin2

Gbduhdqa ub qwa xbq} bd nidoqioa iu lbka ide adgbq}ioa xbq} glhne ub wsaij

QLEOEYOVQN_LNY_JLNQQP_BEYF\EFLJNBOQLYVJ]JEXLSEP_LQLO_JLNQQP_

nidoqioa i}a imna ub nai}d donhwl ìwua}$

1LEOVN_J^]\Q@JNBONY_JLNQQP_BEYF\EFL?JNPVNBBY]_]YB^H]P_LQEB]XL

]HQLEONYFNY^]\Q@JNBOVJN@JNPPLLYEPLY]QS]\PBÂLYL@NEB_]E@EOLSN@

wqggaww( mqu inwb innbw xbq ub lans eapanbs xbq} glhnew pbgimqni}x ide

@]Y@LW_\EB\YOLQP_EYONYFNY_JLQP_BEYF\EFL

]Y_NY\L_]WQ]S]_L_JLNSW]Q_EY@LEYOXEB\L]H^]\QQP_BEYF\EFLEYOEY

iss}aghiuhbd b` xbq} glhnew gqnuq}in la}huioa$dgbq}ioa xbq} glhne ub si}uhghsiua hd wbghin ide wsb}uhdo iguhphuhaw hul

saa}w ub eapanbs ulah} donhwl wjhnnw }iula} ulid s}bphehdo id ieqnu uqub} ide

ieehuhbdin b}j uhka iùa} wglbbn$ Glhne}ad hnn nai}d donhwl kqgl ìwua}

`}bk ulah} `}hadew hd i `qd gbdua|u hul i }ain sq}sbwa$

Ganam}iua xbq} glhnew wqggawwaw$ Mhnhdoqinhwk hw i bdea}`qn ohù ub ohpa xbq}

glhne mqu hu hw inwb li}e b}j$ Innb xbq} glhne ub nai}d iu lhwla} bd siga ide

adfbx inn ulah} iglhapakaduw hd magbkhdo mhnhdoqin$


25/40

=7

Kiulakiuhgw

Kiulak

iuhgw

la ksb}uidga b` Kiulakiuhgw

lad a uaigl kiulakiuhgw a qdea}wuide uliu wuqeaduw daae a|sa}hadgaw uliu s}bkbua id

qdea}wuidehdo b` kiulakiuhgw: lans ulak nai}d hksb}uidu `iguw wjhnnw ide s}bgaeq}aw: adimna ulak

ub issnx ulah} jdbnaeoa ub }aniuae whuqiuhbdw: ide eapanbs i sbwhuhpa iuuhuqea ubi}e kiul$

iulakiuhgw hw i sba}`qn nai}dhdo ubbn$ Iw wuqeaduw nai}d wjhnnw ide waa ula }aniuhbdwlhsw mauaad

kiulakiuhgin gbdgasuw ide apa}xeix whuqiuhbdw ulax mqhne gbddaguhbdw mauaad kiulakiuhgw idebula} gq}}hgqnqk i}aiw ide ladga a|uade ulah} qdea}wuidehdo hd bula} wqmfagu i}aiw$

7QNY@NWBLP


26/40

=5

Kiulakiuhgw

Kiulak

iuhgw

Kiulakiuhgw hdpbnpaw ula qdea}wuidehdo ide iss}bs}hiua qwa]H_JLH]BB]VNYF0_QEYOPEYO7Q]@LPPLP

u}idewqkma}

abkau}x

iuua}dw qdguhbdw ide Inoam}i

aiwq}akadu

iui idenhdo

hulhd aigl b` ulawa iul wu}idew uaigla}w hnn gbpa} ula `bnnbhdo6

3E_J7Q]@LPPLP

S}bmnak Wbnphdo

Mqhne da kiulakiuhgin jdbnaeoa ul}bqol s}bmnak wbnphdo:

bnpa s}bmnakw uliu i}hwa hd kiulakiuhgw ide hd bula} gbdua|uw:

Issnx ide ieisu i pi}haux b` iss}bs}hiua wu}iuaohaw ub wbnpa s}bmnakw:

]YN_]QEYOQLL@_]Y_JLWQ]@LPP]HSE_JLSE_N@EBWQ]ABLSP]BXNYF

]aiwbdhdo ide S}bb`

agbodhva }aiwbdhdo ide s}bb` iw `qdeikaduin iwsaguw b` kiulakiuhgw:

ija ide hdpawuhoiua kiulakiuhgin gbdfaguq}aw:

apanbs ide apinqiua kiulakiuhgin i}oqkaduw ide s}bb`w:

anagu ide qwa pi}hbqw uxsaw b` }aiwbdhdo ide kaulbew b` s}bb`$

Gbkkqdhgiuhbdw

}oidhva ide gbdwbnheiua ulah} kiulakiuhgin ulhdjhdo ul}bqol gbkkqdhgiuhbd:

Gbkkqdhgiua ulah} kiulakiuhgin ulhdjhdo gbla}adunx ide gnai}nx ub saa}w

uaigla}w ide bula}w:

Idinxva ide apinqiua ula kiulakiuhgin ulhdjhdo ide wu}iuaohaw b` bula}w:

wa ula nidoqioa b` kiulakiuhgw ub a|s}aww kiulakiuhgin heaiw s}aghwanx$

Gbddaguhbdwagbodhva ide qwa gbddaguhbdw ikbdo kiulakiuhgin heaiw:

dea}wuide lb kiulakiuhgin heaiw hdua}gbddagu ide mqhne bd bda idbula} ub

s}beqga i gbla}adu lbna:

agbodhva ide issnx kiulakiuhgin gbdgasuw hd gbdua|uw bquwhea b` kiulakiuhgw$


27/40

=

G}bww+Gq}}hgqni} hdjw

la}apa} sbwwhmna kaidhdo`qn nhdjw i}a kiea mauaad kiulakiuhgw ide bula} i}aiw b` ula gq}}hgqnqk

ul}bqol ula qdhuw b` hdyqh}x$ ladapa} a gid a headuh`x ula kiulakiuhgin sbwwhmhnhuhaw ig}bww ula

gq}}hgqnqk iu ula sniddhdo wuioa$ u hw phuinnx hksb}uidu uliu a e}i wuqeaduw iuuaduhbd ub ula nhdjw

mauaad kiul bula} gq}}hgqni} b}j ide apa}xeix a|sa}hadgaw wb wuqeaduw waa uliu kiulakiuhgw hw

dbu id hwbniuae wqmfagu mqu i ix b` ulhdjhdo hul s}iguhgin issnhgiuhbdw ub s}bmnak wbnphdo$

]as}awaduiuhbd

G}aiua ide qwa }as}awaduiuhbdw ub b}oidhva }agb}e ide gbkkqdhgiua kiulakiuhgin

heaiw:

anagu issnx ide u}idwniua ikbdo kiulakiuhgin }as}awaduiuhbdw ub wbnpa s}bmnakw:

wa }as}awaduiuhbdw ub kbean ide hdua}s}au slxwhgin wbghin ide kiulakiuhgin

sladbkadi$

&@}bk DGUK S}bgaww Wuidei}ew

Kiulakiuhgw

Kiulak

iuhgw


28/40

=

d`b}kiuhbd agldbnbox (

d`b}ki

uhbdagldbnbox(

la nakadui}x glbbn gq}}hgqnqk liw maad eapanbsae ub ohpa wuqeaduw i wbnhe xau s}iguhgin

o}bqdehdo hd miwhg gbksqua} wjhnnw ul}bqol ula qwa b` i m}bie }idoa b` wb`ui}a issnhgiuhbdw ide am

=$3 nai}dhdo ubbnw$ isubsw eawjubsw ide ubqgl eaphgaw i}a qwae a|uadwhpanx hd wsaghinnx ayqhssae

nimw nisubs gi}uw ide hd ula lbka}bbkw la}a ulax i}a hduao}iuae iw si}u b` ula gq}}hgqnqk$

uqeaduw nai}d ub qwa i wuidei}e wau b` ubbnw$ d ieehuhbd ub ulhw ulax oihd lidew+bd a|sa}hadga hul

o}islhgw s}bo}ikw ide wbslhwuhgiuae s}awaduiuhbd sigjioaw hdgnqehdo hbpha sbegiwuw ide mnboohdo$

qnuhkaehi wb`ui}a hw qwae ul}bqolbqu ula nakadui}x glbbn ub wqssb}u }awai}gl ide eapanbs miwhg

wjhnnw hd inn gq}}hgqni} i}aiw$ qnuhkaehi sa}hsla}inw hdgnqehdo hiew ehohuin gika}iw pbhga }agb}ea}w

ide wgidda}w i}a ipihnimna `b} wuqeadu qwa$ dua}dau iggaww hw ipihnimna hd inn gniww}bbkw `b} }awai}gl

gq}}adu apaduw ide bula} hdua}iguhpa ubbnw$ uqeaduw i}a uiqolu ub iggaww ula dua}dau }awsbdwhmnx ide

ub bmwa}pa gbsx}holu gbdpaduhbdw$

}bk }awglbbn ub }iea 5 glhne}ad igyqh}a `qdeikaduin gbksqua} wjhnnw lhgl hdgnqea jaxmbi}ehdo

ide ula qwa b` iss}bs}hiua gbksqua} pbgimqni}x$ Inn gbksqua} a|sa}hadga hw miwae bd s}iguhgin}anapidu a|a}ghwaw uliu hnn ohpa glhne}ad ula bssb}uqdhux ub magbka gbksauadu hdeasadeadu

gbksqua} qwa}w mx ula uhka ulax naipa ula nakadui}x glbbn$ idx glhne}ad in}aiex lipa iepidgae

wjhnnw bd i}}hpin$


29/40

=

Iwwawwkadu

Iwwawwk

adu

Iwwawwkadu hw inn ula kaulbew qwae ub gbnnagu apheadga ide kiua}hinw qwae ub apinqiua ide ohpa

àaemigj }agb}e ide }asb}u s}bo}aww ubi}ew hduadeae nai}dhdo$

la s}hki}x sq}sbwa b` iwwawwkadu hw ub hks}bpa wuqeadu nai}dhdo$

a iwwaww wuqeadu nai}dhdo `b} i }idoa b` eh`à}adu sq}sbwaw6

ub iwwhwu wuqeadu nai}dhdo hd }aniuhbd ub bqugbkaw:

ub kija fqeokaduw imbqu wuqeadu iglhapakaduw:

ub apinqiua ula a`àguhpadaww b` uaiglhdo s}bo}ikw:

ub hd`b}k eaghwhbdw imbqu wuqeaduw `quq}a nai}dhdo$

aigla}w snid b} pi}hae b}kw b` iwwawwkadu lhgl innb wuqeaduw ub eakbdwu}iua ulah} qdea}wuidehdow

ide iglhapakaduw hd kqnuhsna ixw$ lhw hnn hdgnqea iwwawwkaduw wqgl iw qdhu iwwawwkadu gbkkbd

sa}`b}kidga iwwawwkaduw maxbde i whdona gniww}bbk a|ua}din iwwawwkadu ide bdobhdo `b}kiuhpa

iwwawwkaduw$ bbnw ide wu}iuaohaw uaigla}w qwa hdgnqea }qm}hgw bmwa}piuhbdinidagebuin }agb}ew

wan +apinqiuhbdw glagjnhwuw ide nai}dhdo fbq}dinw$


30/40

=

Iwwawwkadu

Iwwawwk

adu

la Anakadui}x Wglbbn Gq}}hgqnqk @}ikawb}j liw maad eawhodae iw i gbdgasu+miwae hdyqh}x+e}hpad

ide b}ne+}aniuae gq}}hgqnqk$ la gq}}hgqnqk aksliwhvaw nai}dhdo ide uaiglhdo `b} qdea}wuidehdo

}iula} ulid }as}awaduhdo shagaw b` ehwg}aua jdbnaeoa$ dea}wuidehdo hdpbnpaw wuqeaduw mahdo imna ub

u}idwà} ide issnx jdbnaeoa iss}bs}hiuanx ide iggq}iuanx hd da whuqiuhbdw$ lhw adwq}aw ula daae

ub kbdhub} lb qdea}wuidehdo hw eapanbshdo eq}hdo i wuqex b} hdyqh}x hul uaigla}w ide wuqeaduw

QLL@_NYF_]FL_JLQ]YVJE_JEPALLYBLEQYLOP]HEQNY]QOLQ_]WBEYH]QNSWQ]XLSLY_EYOH\Q_JLQ

nai}dhdo$ Iwwawwhdo ula}a`b}a hw mqhnu hdub ula uaiglhdo ide nai}dhdo s}bgaww ide bggq}w mbul b}kinnx

ide hdgheaduinnx iu pi}hbqw sbhduw hd i nai}dhdo wayqadga$

aigla}w iwwaww ide }asb}u bd hdehpheqin wuqeadu sa}`b}kidga ide iglhapakadu ub si}aduw eq}hdo

si}adu gbdà}adgaw wuqeadu+nae gbdà}adgaw ide }asb}uw uliu i}a }huuad uhga i xai}$

Kiulakiuhgw

la}a hw i miwhg ìguw iwwawwkadu `b} wuqeaduw hd }ieaw 9+5 uliu hw gbdeqguae uhga i xai}$

lhw uawuw ula iggq}igx b` ula wuqeaduw ieehuhbd wqmu}iguhbd kqnuhsnhgiuhbd ide ehphwhbd

gbksquiuhbd wjhnnw$

idoqioa I}uw

}huhdo wiksnaw i}a gbnnaguae ide iwwawwae }aoqni}nx }bk hdea}oi}uad ub }iea 5$ uqeaduw

i}a iwwawwae hd ula i}aiw b` b}oidhviuhbd kihd heaiw ide eauihnw waduadga wu}qguq}a wuxna

ide gbdpaduhbdwkaglidhgw$ qddhdo }agb}ew i}a inwb gbdeqguae }aoqni}nx hd hdea}oi}uad

ub }iea 5 ub kbdhub} ula wuqeaduw }aiehdo$

|ua}din Iwwawwkadu

uqeaduw hd }iea 7 ide 5 uija si}u hd `b}kin a|ua}din uawuhdo hd ula `b}k b` ula aiwq}aw

b` Igieakhg }bo}aww I( uawuw$ I uawuw uija sniga uhga i xai} ide iwwaww wuqeaduw hd

ula i}aiw b` aiehdo idoqioa ide iulakiuhgw$ la uawuw i}a kqnuhsna glbhga hd `b}kiu

ide i}a uijad bd i gbksqua}$ la }awqnuw b` ula I uawuhdo s}bphea ehiodbwuhg hd`b}kiuhbd

`b} ula wglbbn ide innbw ula qwa b` a|ua}din uawuhdo eiui ub iwwhwu hd igyqh}hdo hd`b}kiuhbd

ide kijhdo fqeokaduw imbqu wuqeadu s}bo}aww$


31/40

=8

7J^PN@EB,O\@E_N]Y

7J^PN@E

B,O\@E_N]Y

la }bna b` slxwhgin aeqgiuhbd hd ula wglbbn gq}}hgqnqk hw ub lans inn wuqeaduw eapanbs ula gbksauadghaw

EYO@]YOLY@LYL@LPPEQ^H]QP\@@LPPH\BB^NY@]QW]QE_NYFQLF\BEQWJ^PN@EBE@_NXN_^NY_]_JLNQBNXLP

q} gq}}hgqnqk hd ula nakadui}x glbbn hdgnqeaw whkkhdo eidga oxkdiwuhgw gh}gqw hdehpheqin ide

uaik wsb}uw wjhnnw$ dgb}sb}iuae hdub ulawa qdhuw i}a ula kbpakadu gbdgasuw b` i aux sb}uwkidwlhs

ika adwa ide hudaww$ uqeaduw eapanbs id a|uadwhpa kbpakadu pbgimqni}x hdgnqehdo wjhnn gqaw

`b} inn ula `qdeikaduin kbub} wjhnnw$

0W]Q_PPDNBBPP\@JEP@JEPNYFLLNYFO]OFNYF_JQ]VNYF@E_@JNYFDN@DNYFX]BBL^NYFEYOP_QNDNYFEQL

QLXNPN_LOSEY^_NSLPVN_JNY]YLP@J]]B^LEQ_]WQ]XNOLSEZNS\S]WW]Q_\YN_^H]QQLYLSLY_EYO

kiwua}x ide hdg}aiwhdo gbksna|hux bd id hdehpheqin miwhw$

lxwhgin aeqgiuhbd s}bpheaw bssb}uqdhuhaw `b} wuqeaduw ub ma g}aiuhpa mx eawhodhdo oxkdiwuhgw gh}gqw

ide eidga }bquhdaw iw ann iw g}aiuhdo oikaw ub snix iu }agaww ide bquwhea b` nawwbdw$ uqeaduw

si}uhghsiua hd kidx gbbsa}iuhpa iguhphuhaw ide `iga eh``a}adu glinnadoaw iw hdehpheqinw ide hd o}bqsw$

Iwwawwkadu hw gbduhdqbqw ul}bqolbqu ula xai} ide }aniua ub ula iebsuae I wuidei}ew idehdehgiub}w$


32/40

73

hda I}uw

hdaI}

uw

hda I}uw

la gb}a wau b` pinqaw uliu oqheaw ula I}uw hdgnqeaw ohphdo hksb}uidga ub ide dq}uq}hdo b}hohdin heaiw

wan`+a|s}awwhbd ide g}aiuhpa ulhdjhdo hd ieehuhbd ub adoiohdo hul ide }awsbdehdo ub ula iawulauhg

yqinhuhaw b` ula diuq}in ide gbdwu}qguae b}ne$ la nakadui}x I}u s}bo}ik wu}hpaw ub ohpa glhne}ad

_JLPDNBBP_JL^YLLO_]SEDL_JLS@]YOLY_EPEQ_NP_PEYO_]H]P_LQEBNHLB]YFEWWQL@NE_N]Y]H_JL

i}uw$

?JL@QLE_NXLWQ]@LPP]H1LPLEQ@J%YEB^PNP.YN_NEB.OLEPNYEB.OLEEDNYF,XEB\E_NYFEYO1LL@_NYF

qdea}shdw ula uaiglhdo b` i}u ul}bqolbqu ula nakadui}x glbbn ide eakbdwu}iuaw ula hdyqh}x s}bgaww

hd iguhbd$ d b}ea} ub b}j g}aiuhpanx ide nai}d ul}bqol a|sa}hadgaw oihdae i gbksna| minidga b`

wu}qguq}ae nai}dhdo hw daaeae$ bka b` ulawa a|sa}hadgaw hnn naie wuqeaduw ubi}ew ula igyqhwhuhbd

]HPWL@N@PDNBBP_JE_EQLWQLOL_LQSNYLO]_JLQLZWLQNLY@LPVNBBBLEO_]]\_@]SLP_JE_EQLEP\QWQNPL

ub uaigla}w ide wuqeaduw inhja) la hdyqh}x s}bgaww qdea}shdw bq} nai}dhdo ide ula anakaduw b`

hda lisa b}k Gbnb} inqa ide a|uq}a i}a ula gbdgasuw uliu i}a eapanbsae ul}bqol gi}a`qnnx

ulbqolu+bqu s}bfaguw$ wwaduhin wjhnnw i}a uiqolu gbduhdqbqwnx }ahd`b}gae ide adlidgae iu eh``a}adu

napanw iggb}ehdo ub ula wuqeaduw imhnhuhaw$

aigla}w b}j gnbwanx hul ula o}iea napan uaik ub }aniua i}u a|sa}hadgaw ub ula qdhuw b` hdyqh}x hd

LN_JLQONQL@_]QNYONQL@_VE^PJNBOQLYEQLLZW]PLO_]EJ\FLXEQNL_^]HNY\LY@LP_]_LE@J_JLS

imbqu ula b}ne b` i}u hdu}beqga ulak ub da kiua}hinw ide uagldhyqaw ide ub hdwsh}a ulah} bd

b}j$ I}u `}bk eh``a}adu gqnuq}aw u}iehuhbdw ide sa}hbew b` lhwub}x i}a a|snb}ae iu aigl o}iea napan$


33/40

79

Kqwhg

?JLQ]BL]HS\PN@NY_JLP@J]]B@\QQN@\B\SNP_]H]P_LQ@QLE_NXN_^@]SWEPPN]Y@]YOLY@LEYOPDNBB

ul}bqol kqwhg kbuhbd ide sa}`b}kidga$

N_JEY\YOLQP_EYONYF]H@]QLS\PN@EB@]Y@LW_PP_\OLY_POLXLB]W_JLPDNBBPEYO@]YOLY@L_]WLQH]QS

i pi}haux b` kqwhgin b}jw$ la gxgnhgin }ahd`b}gakadu b` igyqh}ae wjhnnw ul}bqolbqu nakadui}x glbbn

}awqnuw hd i ann }bqdeae kqwhgin `bqdeiuhbd$ la hdyqh}x s}bgaww adimnaw wuqeaduw ub a|sa}hadga

@QLE_L QLL@_ \W]Y EYO LXEB\E_L _JLNQ ]VY S\PN@EB @]SW]PN_N]YP LZWQLPPNXL S]XLSLY_P EYO

hdwu}qkaduin ii}adaww$

l}bqolbqu ulhw s}bgaww wuqeaduw a|sa}hadga kqwhg eidgaw ide hdwu}qkaduw `}bk kidx gqnuq}aw

ulqw lanshdo ulak ub iss}aghiua }awsagu ide qdea}wuide hdua}diuhbdin ehpa}whux$ Imbpa inn uaigla}w

wu}hpa ub hdwuhnn i nh`a+nbdo nbpa b` kqwhg ide ula a|s}awwhpa sba}w ula}ahd$

Kqwhg

Kqwhg


34/40

7=

Gbqdwanhdo

Gbqdwanhdo

la nakadui}x glbbn Gbqdwanhdo asi}ukadu ihkw ub `bwua} wuqeaduw wbghin akbuhbdin ide

sa}wbdin o}bul iu aigl wuioa b` ulah} eapanbskadu inbdo hul awwaduhin nai}dhdo hd wglbbn$ lhw hw

iglhapae mx s}bphehdo hdehpheqin gbdwqnuiuhbd ide gbqdwanhdo gniww}bbk oqheidga iwwawwkadu ide

g}hwhw hdua}paduhbd ide mx gbb}ehdiuhdo wuqeadu wa}phgaw ide s}bphehdo wqssb}u `b} mbul uaigla}w ide

si}aduw$ la}a i}a ub Gbqdwanb}w hd ula nakadui}x glbbn lb b}j iw i uaik$

Iekhwwhbdw

?JL]\YPLB]QPEQL_JLQP_@]Y_E@_YLVP_\OLY_PEYOHESNBNLPJEXLVN_J_JL,BLSLY_EQ^

glbbn eq}hdo ula hdhuhin hdua}pha lad issnxhdo ub $ lhw kaauhdo hw id bssb}uqdhux `b}

ula Gbqdwanb}w ub oau ub jdb wuqeaduw mauua} ma`b}a snighdo ulak hd ulah} da gniww$ u hw

inwb id bssb}uqdhux `b} si}aduw ub wli}a qwa`qn hd`b}kiuhbd imbqu ulah} glhne ide ub iwj idxyqawuhbdw imbqu ula nakadui}x glbbn s}bo}ik$

la }bna b` ula nakadui}x glbbn Gbqdwanb}w iu hw pi}hae6


35/40

77

b}jhdo hul uqeaduw

pa} ula gbq}wa b` ula wglbbn xai} Gbqdwanb}w hdua}igu hul wuqeaduw hd i pi}haux b` wauuhdow$

la kihd `bgqw b` ula Gbqdwanb} hw ub wqssb}u ula wbghin akbuhbdin ide maliphb}in daaew b`

wuqeaduw hd gbnnimb}iuhbd hul si}aduw uaigla}w ide bula} }aniuae s}bàwwhbdinw$ Gbqdwanb}w

i}a hdpbnpae hd hdehpheqin gbqdwanhdo ihkae iu iwwhwuhdo wuqeaduw hul s}bmnakw i}hwhdo `}bk

E@EOLSN@P]@NEBWLQP]YEB]QHESNB^@]YN@_PQ]\WEYO@BEPPQ]]SPLPPN]YPNY_LYO_]JLBW

wuqeaduw oihd hdwholu hdub maliphb}w qdea}wuide iuuhuqeaw hdua}awuw ide gisimhnhuhaw ide nai}dlb ub kija hduannhoadu eaghwhbdw$ la nakadui}x glbbn Gbqdwanb}w i}a inwb kakma}w b` ula

ai}dhdo qssb}u awbq}ga aik lb b}jw hd gbnnimb}iuhbd hul uaigla}w iekhdhwu}iub}w

si}aduw ide bula} s}bàwwhbdinw ub iwwhwuw wuqeaduw hul wsaghin nai}dhdo daaew$

Gbqdwanb}w hd ula nakadui}x glbbn b}j ub lans wuqeaduw ulhdj imbqu eapanbs ide s}iguhga

sbwhuhpa wbghin wjhnnw$ awai}gl uannw qw uliu wuqeaduw lb nai}d ide qwa ulawa wjhnnw i}a kb}a

nhjanx ub oau inbdo hul bula}w ide eb mauua} hd wglbbn$

6]QDNYFVN_J7EQLY_P

Gbqdwanb}w wqssb}u si}aduw mx b`à}hdo hdehpheqin gbdwqnuiuhbd ide gbqdwanhdo ìghnhuiuhdo

si}aduhdo o}bqsw ide gbdeqguhdo bula} si}adu aeqgiuhbd wakhdi}w$ d`b}kiuhbd bd ulawa

wawwhbdw hw iepa}uhwae hd ula i}adu Mqnnauhd ide bd dbuhga mbi}ew bquwhea ula nakadui}x

0@J]]BH@L?JL]\YPLB]QPSENY_ENYEY]WLYO]]QW]BN@ÊYOEQL]H_LYEABL_]E@@]SS]OE_L

si}aduw bd i e}bs+hd miwhw$

Gbqdwanhdo

Gbqdwanhdo


36/40

75

a}phga ai}dhdo

Wa}phgaai}dhdo

uqeaduw i}a adgbq}ioae ub issnx ulah} jdbnaeoa ide qdea}wuidehdo ul}bqol uijhdo iguhbd

laula} sa}wbdinnx b} iw si}u b` i o}bqs hulhd ulah} lbka wglbbn b} ula hea} gbkkqdhux$ q}

a}phga ai}dhdo s}bo}ik s}bpheaw bssb}uqdhuhaw `b} wuqeaduw ub eapanbs ulah} igieakhg wjhnnw lhna

iee}awwhdo }ain+nh a daaew$

qwuihdimna a}phga ai}dhdo binw6

hksnakaduw a}phga ai}dhdo ig}bww ula +9= gq}}hgqnqk mx b` a}hdo adoiohdo aeqgiuhbdin

wa}phga iguhphuhaw$ d ebhdo ulhw a ad}hgl nai}dhdo ide `ighnhuiua ula eapanbskadu b` }awsbdwhmna

ide gbksiwwhbdiua ghuhvadw lb i}a hnnhdo ub }aigl bqu ide kija i eh``a}adga hd ula gbkkqdhuhaw

la}a ulax nhpa$

manhapaw uliu a}phga hw i ub+ix s}bgaww uliu glidoaw mbul ula ohpa} ide ula }agahpa}$

a}phga ad}hglaw ula nhpaw b` ula lansa} ide ula lansae$

qde}ihwhdo hnn dbu ma ula s}hb}hux b} `bgqw b` idx a}phga ai}dhdo iguhphux$

_a i}a inn onbmin ghuhvadw lb gid naie ula glidoa hd bq} gbkkqdhux mx eawhodhdo wqwuihdimna

wbnquhbdw ide uijhdo sbwhuhpa iguhbd$


37/40

7

Glhne}adw Kaehi Gadua} GKG(

Glhne}adw

KaehiGadua}GKG(

Glhne}adw Kaehi Gadua} GKG( Khwwhbdla khwwhbd b` ula Glhne}adw aehi Gadua} GG( hw ub s}bphea bssb}uqdhuhaw `b} wuqeaduw ub eapanbs

i nbpa b` }aiehdo ide ub magbka a`àguhpa qwa}w b` hd`b}kiuhbd gbdwhwuadu hul ula wglbbnw khwwhbd$

la wglbbn nhm}i}x kaehi s}bo}ik hw id hduao}in si}u b` w hdwu}qguhbdin s}bo}ik$ la aehi Gadua}ìghnhux s}bpheaw inn wui`` ide wuqeaduw iggaww ub i hea pi}haux b` hd`b}kiuhbd uliu wqssb}uw ula

gq}}hgqnqk iw ann iw kiua}hinw `b} nahwq}a uhka }aiehdo$ q} khwwhbd hw ub adgbq}ioa wuqeaduw ub ma

nhà+nbdo nai}da}w ide ub lans ulak ma hdeasadeadu ide a`àguhpa qwa}w b` hd`b}kiuhbd$

ai}dhdo qssb}u (dua}diuhbdin glbbn idhni manhapaw hd hdgnqwhbd$ a ihk ub wa}pa ula hdua}diuhbdin gbkkqdhux ide

a wu}hpa ub wqssb}u ide aeqgiua inn kakma}w b` uliu gbkkqdhux }aoi}enaww b` imhnhux$ a iggasu

wuqeaduw hul nai}dhdo eh`à}adgaw ide khne ub kbea}iua nai}dhdo ehwimhnhuhaw iw nbdo iw a i}a

@]YOLY_NY]\QEANBN_^_]SLL__JLNQYLLOP,E@JEWWBN@EY_NP@]YPNOLQLO]YEYNYONXNO\EBAEPNP?JLeaghwhbd ub iekhu i wuqeadu hul nai}dhdo wqssb}u daaew hw kiea mx ula ai}dhdo qssb}u awbq}ga

aik ( hd aigl ehphwhbd b` ula wglbbn ide ($ la ai}dhdo qssb}u }bo}ik s}bpheaw

ul}aa napanw b` wa}phga$ apanw b` wqssb}u i}a eaua}khdae bd id hdehpheqin miwhw ide iggb}ehdo ub aigl

P_\OLY_PNOLY_NLOPWL@NEBLO\@E_N]YEBYLLO/L_LQSNYE_N]Y]HBLXLB]HP\WW]Q_NPSEOLA^_JL"01?

miwae qsbd hd`b}kiuhbd ipihnimna ub ulak$ apan b` wqssb}u hw }aphaae bd i }aoqni} miwhw mx ula

ide kix ma glidoae$ la}a hw i wqssnakadui}x gli}oa `b} ai}dhdo qssb}u a}phgaw miwae bd

ula hdehpheqin daaew b` aigl glhne$

%H_LQ0@J]]B%@_NXN_NLP7Q]FQES%%&a s}bphea bssb}uqdhuhaw `b} wuqeaduw ub adoioa hd wià ide `qd }ag}aiuhbdin iguhphuhaw uliu a|uade

ulah} aeqgiuhbdin a|sa}hadga iu $ Gbq}wa s}bo}ikw i}a wadu bqu uhga i xai}$ uqeaduw ad}bnnhdo hd

iùa}+wglbbn iguhphuhaw i}a adgbq}ioae ub `bnnb ula oqheanhdaw ide a|saguiuhbdw nhwuae hd ula gbq}wa

lidembbj$

a}`b}khdo I}uw wqgl iw Minnau is idga ivv u}hdow gniwwaw

Maohddhdo Mide ide Glbh}

sb}uw ide i}uhin I}uw hdgnqehdo hkkhdo Miwjauminn Glaww xkdiwuhgw

bgga} imna addhw inn Gnhkmhdo Ihjheb qeb ide ia bd b

I}uw ide G}iùw wqgl iw Gi}ubbdhdo gqnsuhdo ihduhdo ide }ihdo

idoqioaw hdgnqehdo Glhdawa sidhwl a}kid }adgl qugl ide hdeh

Iguhphuhaw i}a pi}hae aigl wakawua} ide hdgnqea6


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7

Ide hdinnx

Idehd

innx

a hdphua inn bq} si}aduw ub phwhu bq} gniww}bbkw ide ub uinj ub bq} uaigla}w$ a lbsa ide a|sagu uliu

hd bq} gniww}bbkw xbq hnn waa6

QFEYN[E_N]YEBP_Q\@_\QLP_JE_EBB]VP\H@NLY__NSLH]QP_\OLY_P_]WQ]@LPPEYOWQE@_N@LVJE_

ulax lipa nai}dae:

|snhghu uaiglhdo wuxnaw la}a uaigla}w wli}a ulah} ioadei hul ula wuqeaduw ide la}a

wuqeaduw i}a gbdwghbqw b` lx ulax i}a ebhdo liu ulax i}a ebhdo:

quqin }awsagu mauaad uaigla} ide wuqeaduw:

Gnai} a|saguiuhbdw }qnaw ide s}bgaeq}aw b} maliphb} kidioakadu uliu lipa maad daobuhiuae

hul ula wuqeaduw:

agbodhuhbd ide ganam}iuhbd b` aigl wuqeaduw hdua}awu a|sa}uhwa ide migjo}bqde:

I slxwhgin wau+qs uliu innbw iw kqgl hdeasadeadu wuqeadu iguhphux iw sbwwhmna6 aiwx iggaww

ub kiua}hinw: uimnaw b}oidhvae hd o}bqsw iw ann iw i}aiw ipihnimna `b} hdeasadeadu b}j:

s}bgaeq}aw `b} pi}hbqw }bquhdaw ehwsnixae i}bqde ula gniww}bbk: aoqni} gbdwu}qguhpa `aaemigj ohpad `}bk uaigla} ub wuqeadu ide mauaad wuqeaduw ide

uaigla}w:

aoqni} bssb}uqdhuhaw `b} wuqeaduw ub b}j gbnnimb}iuhpanx iw ann iw bssb}uqdhuhaw b} ulak

ub b}j bd ulah} bd:

h` a}aduhiuhbd b` b}j:

I pi}haux b` lqkid }awbq}gaw uaigla}w uaigla} iwwhwuiduw wuqeaduw qwhdo aigl bula} iw

a|sa}uw( mbbjw ide kioivhdaw ula hdua}dau w ide ehwsnixw b` b}j:

hwsnixw uliu i}a hdua}iguhpa }agb}ew b` wuqeaduw ulhdjhdo ide eaasadhdo qdea}wuidehdo b` id

i}ai b` wuqex$

a lbsa ulhw hnn ma i bdea}`qn xai} `b} xbq ide xbq} glhne}ad$


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ES Program Guide 2012-13

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