EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING UNDER UNCLOS Michael W. …9 SPECIAL PROBLEM OF ARTICLE 82(4) Equitable...

1

EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING UNDER UNCLOS | Michael W. Lodge

1

2 343 5 2 * 6 7 * 8 9 9 : * 2 9 4 * # ; < 9 = 4 - *= 9 2 6 5 = > 9 2 * 4 2 * 3 ? 9 * > 6##6< * ? 9 = ; 34 @ 9 *6 7 * # 4 < A ; < 8 * # 9 4 < 2 * 3 ? 9 B * # 5 2 3 * C 9 *9 D : - 6 ; 3 9 8 * 7 6 = * 3 ? 9 * C 9 < 9 7 ; 3 * 6 7 *

# 4 < A ; < 8 * 4 2 * 4 * +?6 - 9

!"#$%&'%()#*+&*,%#'%#%

-"./012

!"#$%&'%(034&$#5/0%'"#6&*712

!"#$%&'%#%50*08&$2

E

#.F(G'HI*'F/*<.FJ#.F(G'HI*C(F(K$GL7.HML*.K*F.FJM.F(G'HI*N(F(K$GL*H(%.0F$O(/*$F*:'HG*D;

45 %678989:;5 27<7=8>?,@A8BC89:D5 !9E86F9GH9>7B)<6F>H=>8F9I5 $9=6H7JHC)J=8H9>8K8=)L9FMBHC:HN5 !O<79J8F9)FK)MF6BC)G89H67B)6HJFA6=HJP5 Q6HKH6H9>87B)7==HJJ)68:R>J)KF6)CHEHBF<89:)

=FA9>68HJ

!"#$%&'(!)'!*!+$%,-.&/$*0)" ;24*+.HPL&.Q*#I'FM'HR*2(QG(MN(H*1S!T

U

#.F(G'HI*C(F(K$GL


V!W*9XY$G'N)(*L&'H$F0*.K*@H9HK8>J KH.M*'%G$Z$G$(L*$F*G&(*4H('*[4HG$%)(*!USV1WV1W*9XY$G'N)(*L&'H$F0*.K*<7?GH9>J)79C)=F9>68@A>8F9J)KH.M*%.FG$F(FG')*L&()K*J 4HG$%)(*\1VUW

! +A9CJ)6H=H8EHC)A9CH6)&6>8=BH)4IS)79C)T;UIV)GAJ>)@H)LH<>)JH<767>H

! 2B7JJHJ)FK)@H9HK8=8768HJ)A9CH6)H7=R)76>8=BH)G7?)@H)C8KKH6H9>

! #9CH6)&6>8=BH)T;UIVW)$-&)8J)>F)JH6EH)7J)7)=F9CA8>)KF6)>679JG8JJ8F9J)FK)<7?GH9>J)79C)=F9>68@A>8F9)89)L89C)>F)->7>H)Q76>8HJ

]

#.F(G'HI*C(F(K$GL*V4HG,*!USW=(Z(FY(*LGH('M*KH.M*82#*Q'IM(FG*M(%&'F$LM

45 $-&)&CG898J>67>8EH)HO<H9JHJ;5 Q68F6)=F9>68@A>8F9J)FK)GHG@H6JD5 !=F9FG8=)&JJ8J>79=H)+A9C)U&6>5)4N4U4SVVI5 +A9CJ)7BBF=7>HC)>F)>RH)!9>H6<68JHN5 -H7@HC)-AJ>7897@8B8>?)+A9C

9


6

MANKIND AS A WHOLE

Article 140.

Activities in the Area shall be carried for the benefit of mankind as a whole irrespective of geographic location of states, whether coastal or landlocked, and taking into particular consideration interests and needs of developing states and peoples who have not attained full independence or self-governing status [as recognized by the UN]

The Authority shall provide for the equitable sharing of financial .. benefits through any appropriate mechanism on a non-discriminatory basis …

What is a developing State?

What interests and needs should be taken into consideration?

Which non-independent and non-self-governing peoples?

EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING | ISA Workshop Myanmar, September 2019

d

+&'G*$L*(XY$GIc7.HMY)'*K.H*(XY$G'N)(*N(F(K$GJL&'H$F0

45 -R76H)FK)<F<AB7>8F9;5 01QX0*$)U=F66H=>HC)KF6)QQQVD5 .AG79)1HEHBF<GH9>)$9CHOI5 (FMW)YHC8AGW).8:R)UZF6BC)'79LVN5 /HC8J>68@A>8EH):F7BJ)U'H9>R7GX/7MBJV


\ !"#$%&'(!)'!*!+$%,-.&/$*0)" ;24*+.HPL&.Q*#I'FM'HR*2(QG(MN(H*1S!T

!"#$%&'()*+(,-.$#/0&'(12/"'

! 34 56786789

:;<= >9

?9;<7 678

6789

:;<= >9

! @ A ) ,&'$6&54$&.*%).60%:6.760''&;0! @ B ) ,&'$6&54$&.*%/0''%:6.760''&;0

<&60=$%.6%&*,&60=$%,&'$6&54$&.*2

9

SPECIAL PROBLEM OF ARTICLE 82(4)

Equitable sharing criteria to be developed must take into account the interests and needs of developing States, but particularly ‘the least developed and land-locked among them’.

Can apply different social distribution weight to favour specified countries (but others will lose out)

Remedial effect is socio-economic and geographic.

EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING | ISA Workshop Myanmar, September 2019

𝑆4 =

𝐺𝑁𝐼𝐺𝑁𝐼4

F∗ 𝑃4 ∗ 𝐶4

∑4IJK 𝐺𝑁𝐼𝐺𝑁𝐼4

F∗ 𝑃4 ∗ 𝐶4

!S

>6)0*&#>?065#&@#*A./&;&#A.$'-#*#B.*7./&#C#6#74#DE'-#$&*&F"0%G.6)06%H47.'/#;%I0:45/&=%.8%B#=0,.*&#J&)5#5-0

A46+&*#%G#'.K"#,L#.%C<IL0'.$".B#/#-&B#/&M0:#/M&706N7#*,#J#)5&#

>*7./#A#*7/#,0'"A0*&*K.).6.'<I%K.*7.%<@&5.4$&O#)5&#O4&*0#O4&*0#PA&''#4Q#&$&

!"#$%&'"(")*+",&-*./%01"$2345

'"(")*+1/6&!#/,)*78",&#/,&!"#$%&'"(")*+",

239:R&6&5#$&B#,#7#'=#6B#46&$#*&#B.?#)5&340%BD#*)#6S#.%F.)0%T%C6&*=&:0S0*07#/S&066#%L0.*0S./.).*%U'/#*,'S.)#/&#S4,#*

'"(")*+1/6&!#/,)*78",&-*./%01"$239:

!"#$%&'"(")*+",&-*./%01"$23;5

F&).6%L0'$0F.7.F4;#/4N*&$0,%I0:45/&=%.8%F#*?#*&#V#*4#$4H0)0*


!!

: =6>922

9XY$G'N)( N(F(K$GJL&'H$F0 HY)(L MYLG N( 'QQH.Z(/ NI ;24 4LL(MN)I .F H(%.MM(F/'G$.F .K>.YF%$),

CYG >.YF%$) 'F/ 4LL(MN)I MYLG G'P( $FG. '%%.YFG H(%.MM(F/'G$.FL .K 7$F'F%( >.MM$GG((,

2GY/I %.FL$/(H(/ NI 7$F'F%( >.MM$GG(( $F 1S!T,

3. N( %.FG$FY(/ b,


!1!1

3 ? 4 < A * B 6 5 g

EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING UNDER UNCLOS Michael W. …9 SPECIAL PROBLEM OF ARTICLE 82(4) Equitable...

Documents

Transcript of EQUITABLE BENEFIT-SHARING UNDER UNCLOS Michael W. …9 SPECIAL PROBLEM OF ARTICLE 82(4) Equitable...