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PierreOlivierDesMarchais

Facult deDroit Universit Laval

Cycle2010

FromSciencetoDecisionMaking

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Presentation

Overview

1)Introduction:Quebecwastemanagementcontext

2) What is the political & regulatory approach used by thegovernmentforwastemanagement?

3)WhatkindofroleisattributedtoLifecycleassessment(LCA)inextendedproducerresponsibility(EPR)programs?

4)

The

potential

impacts

of

the

DraftRegulationRespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises? 5)Conclusion

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Extended

Producer

Responsibility

concept

OECDDefinition : EPRisanenvironmentalpolicyapproachinwhichaproducersresponsibility foraproduct isextended tothepostconsumer

stageofaproductslifecycle

TworelatedfeaturesofEPRpolicyinclude: 1) Increasing producers responsibility by shifting responsibility upstream

toward the producer and away from municipalities and/or regional orprovincialwastemanagementauthorities;

2) Providing incentives to producers to incorporate environmentalconsiderationsinthedesignoftheirproducts

EPRPrinciplesinaSustainabledevelopmentperspective

PolluterPaysPrincipleandInternalisationofCosts

Incentives for changing production patterns and promoting Design forEnvironment

Lifecycleapproach

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QuebecWasteContext RecycQuebecReportonWastemanagement

2008

Incomparisonwith2006:

WasteGenerationincreasedby1%

Recoveryrateshaveincreasedby9%

Quantities of wastes eliminated havedecreasedby7%

For the first time we Recover more than weEliminateinQuebec

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Quebec

Waste

Context

Generation and Recovery performances by sectors in 2008, RecycQuebecReport

Sector Gererated Recovery

Recovery/ potential

2008 2006

ObjectivesintheQubecWaste

Management

Policy 19982008

Municipal 3150000 1118000 36% 32% 60%

IBI 5314000 2479000 53% 49% 80%

CRD 4569000 3217000 74% 69% 60%

Total 13033000 6814000 57% 52% 65%

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Political&Regulatoryapproachesforwastemanagement

SustainableDevelopmentAct Article1:TheobjectofthisActistoestablishanewmanagementframework

within the Administration to ensure that powers and responsibilities areexercisedinthepursuitofsustainabledevelopment and furtherintegratingthe

pursuitofsustainabledevelopmentintothepolicies,programsandactionsoftheAdministration,atalllevelsandinallareasofintervention 16 Principles : prevention, precaution, polluter pays,

internalization of costs, sustainable production & consumptionpatterns

Article 5: The implementation of sustainable development within theAdministrationistobebasedonthesustainabledevelopmentstrategyadoptedby the Government and is to be carried out in a manner consistent with theprinciplesstatedinthestrategyandthoseestablishedbythisdivision

SustainableDevelopmentStrategy20082013 RelevantDirections:

Direction 3 Sustainable production & consumption patterns(ecoresponsible procurementpolicy)

Direction4 Increase Economic Efficiency (Increasingly reveal theexternalities associated with goods and services production andconsumption)

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QuebecPolicyonResidualMaterialsManagement

20102015 Objectives:

By2015

Reduce the quantity of wastes sent for disposal to 700kilogramsperresident

Recycle 70% of paper, cardboard, plastic, glass, and metal

waste Process 60 % of organic putrescible waste using biological

processes,i.e.,landfarming,composting,andbiomethanation

Principles

:

SDAprinciples Waste Management Hierarchy : is the notion that prioritizing

reductionat thesource,reuse,recycling,and reclamation in that

order

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(Suite)

GovernmentActionPlan: Discourage andmonitorElimination

Increasethechargesforthedisposalofresidualmaterials

Make Producers MoreResponsible TheGovernmentwillassesstheadvantagesanddrawbackslinkedto

thetransfertoproducersofthemanagementofmunicipalcollectionandreclamationofcontainers,packaging,andprintedmatter.

ExtendEPRtoendoflife tires Fromnow to2011,drawupapriority listofproducts that shouldbe

placedunderEPRprograms(2newproductsevery2years)

Ban theburial oforganic matters in landfill sites within 10years Prohibittheburyingofpaperandcardboardinlandfillsitesin2013 Program for Processing Organic Matter by Biomethanization and

Composting(650M$)

$3.5milliontoaknowledgeacquisitionprograminresidual

materialsmanagement,withemphasisonproduct lifecycleanalysis

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Regulatory

framework

EnvironmentQualityAct SectionVII wastemanagement

Responsibilityofwastemanagement

Governmentcompetenceforregulatingresidualmaterials

WasteStreamconcernedbyEPRprograms

Packaging(2004)

UsedOils(2004)

Paints(2000)

EPRProgramsStructure

TypesofResponsibility

Financial(packaging)

Or

Material(usedoilsandpaints) Setupcollectionandsorting

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Regulatory

framework

(Suite) Legal obligation of producer : Recovery rates and

Reclamation

UsedOils: 50%in2005 / 75%in2008

Paints:25%in2002 / 50%in2005 / 75%in2008

Problems with current EPR regulations in a

Sustainabledevelopmentperspective? Upstreamwastemanagementoptions

Reclamation definitionintheEQA:anyoperationthepurpose

of which is to obtain usable substances or products, or energy,from residual materials through reuse, recycling, composting,regeneration or any other process that does not constituteelimination

AgainsttheWasteManagementHierarchyconceptofthePolicy

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RegulatoryReform Modifications proposed by the government to the

regulationframeworkonwastemanagement:

DraftRegulationrespectingthechargespayableforthedisposalofresidualmaterials Supplementary regulatory fees forelimination =9.50$/ton

Represent 278 M $ in 5 years (creation of a fund to financebiologicaltreatmentoforganicwastes...)

Draft Bill to amend the Environment Quality Act asregards residualmaterialsmanagementand toamendtheRegulation respectingcompensation formunicipalservices provided to recover and reclaim residualmaterials Progressive increase of the compensation from 50 % to 100 %

toward2015

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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises

MainObjective: is to reduce the quantities of residual materials to be

eliminated by giving enterprises responsibility for recovery

andreclamation oftheproducts...bypromotingthedesignofproducts morerespectfuloftheenvironment

Scopeofapplication:

Used Oils, Paints, Electronics Products, Batteries andMercuryLamps

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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises(Suite)

According to the dispositions of the draft regulation,producers will have to implement a Recovery andReclamationProgramfortheproductstheymarket

Recovery and Reclamation Program must provide forthe management of recovered products to ensure their

reclamation

as

a

priority,

by

focusing

on

reuse,

recycling,

biological reclamation and energetic reclamation, orultimatelytheirelimination,inthatorder,subjecttothe

following

cases:

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DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryand

ReclamationofProductsbyEnterprises(Suite)

PossibleBreachesoftheWasteHierarchy :

1)ALifecycleassessment,complyingwithISOstandardsandtakingintoaccounttheperenniality ofressources and

the externalities of management methods, shows that amethod is more advantageous than another inenvironmentalterms;

OR

2) Existing technology in the field of residual materialmanagementdoesnotallowfortheuseofamanagementmethodintheprescribedorder

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PotentialsImpactsofthe DraftRegulationrespectingtheRecoveryandReclamationofProducts (DRRR)

EconomicImpactStudybytheQuebecgovernment

11yearsaftertheentryinforceoftheDRRR Fortheproducers=567.2M$

ForthemunicipalitiesandPrivateBusiness=132,4M$profits

AnnualCosts Fortheproducer=70.9M$

**HoweverthisstudydoesntincludethecostlinkedwithLCAforbreachingthewastehierarchy

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Impacts(Suite) SelfReflectiononUsedOils

CurrentmanagementofUsedOilsinQuebec

Between

80

%

to

85

%

of

Used

Oils

is

under

thermal

treatment

forenergyrecovery

Possible

Litigation

:

Re

refined vs.

Energy

Recovery

TheEuropeanCase

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Impacts(Suite) ElectronicProducts

Reuse

Recycling

EnergyRecovery

ExportofWEEEtolowincomecountries

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CONCLUSION Confirmationby thegovernment thatEPR programs will

haveamajor role toplay in thenextdecade fora betterwastemanagementinQuebec

The government is undertaken a vast study on wastemanagement possibilities and a big part of this will befinancebytheprivatesectors

WhatsnextforEPR?Textile,furniture,homeappliances

andevenfood!

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THANK

YOU

FOR

YOUR

ATTENTION

AnyQuestions?