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ENVIRONMENTAL/ SUSTAINABLE...
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GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100 DESIGN THESIS PROJECT 2015/2016. PHYSICAL & BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN. DEPT OF ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING SCIENCE. SCHOOL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT. UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI MINDRA SAMUEL B02/35352/2010 6TH YEAR ENVIRONMENTAL/ SUSTAINABLE DESIGN. BIO LATERINE CONCEPT. Sewer duct Washroom DRY COMPOSTING TOILETS . Waterless or Micro flush toilet. Composting chamber. Chamber access door. Leachate drainage. Exhaust system Ventilation pipe. TOILET Toilet vented when seat is opened. Vent Rain cover. Fan Vent Floor Inspection door. Composting wastes. Compost access. Excess liquid drain Compost processor Finished compost. Plan of facility washroom space. A natural pond is a landscape centerpiece that enhances the value of the cultural center and tourist exerience. Technology: A natural pond is usually larger than a normal pool to accommodate the plants, rocks, and natural vegetation that comprise the filter zone (separate from the desigated swimming area). Once water filters through the plant zone (stares algae of nutients), it is then pumped through a UV sterilizer filter to ensure maximum cleanliness (by killing algae) and aeration. Tyically, natural ponds have a waterfall to pump water back into the swimming area. Trace amounts of chlorine can be added to react with silver and copper beads housed in the pump area for sanitary purposes (less than the amount found in tap water). Elaborate landscaping and design possibilities. The regeneration zone can be along the perimeter of a natural pool or on one side of it. Diagram showing how dry composting toilets work. Fan. Generic Composter. Active zone. Primary aerobic bacteria at work. Curing zone. Primary actinomyceles & fungi at work. Finishing zone. Primarily fungi at work. Leachate. Oxygen demand. 80%. 15%. 5-0 %. Leachate drainage to leachfield,disposal utilization. Structure: A bordering wall built of massive boulders, lined with rubber or reinforced polyethylene, earth bag walls, The pools have skimmers and pumps that circulate the water through the regeneration zone and draw it across a wall of rocks, loose gavel or tiles, to which friendly bacteria aach, serving as an additional biological filter. The natural pools have skimmers and pumps that circulate the water through the regeneration zone and back into the pond. Design is sustainable, of top-notch standards and highly effective in its operation, maintenance and construction. This should also translate into a cost effective build. This should include the use of i) Renewable energy resources. ii) Environmentally friendly building materials. iii) Use of local building technology and technique. iv) Reduced water consumption and wastage; Water reticulation v) Sewerage and solid waste treatment and management. The design should show a clear demonstation of lower life cycle costs through: i) Proper ventilation ii) Energy effcient design. iii) Daylighting. iv) Use of Renewable energy on site energy. v) Universal design: caters for the needs of the physically challenged and other users with special needs. Design applications: i) Water is heated with solar PV panels for gest and kitchen use. ii) Cross ventilation and ceiling fans create suffcient cooling effect to ensure guest comfort. iii) Reduce, Reuse & Recycle policy. There is a strong recycling program proposed, with utmost focus on reducing i.e. bringing in as little trash to the island as possible. iv) Wastewater is treated in an on site treatment plant. The reed bed system that is all natural, recycles water and adds nutrients to the plant material. v) Use of organic and biodegadable soaps, cleaning detergents and spa products. vi) Chlorine systems to clean water in the pool. vii) Energy effcient solar and wind powered lighting and illumination. Undergound electicity system (where necessary) that does not interfere with the indigenous fauna especially the birds. BUILDING MATERIALS. Not only is bamboo used for ooring, roof tiles, drainage pipes and srtucture, the roof's stctral system is also a water haresting system in individual structures . Bamboo has a Life Span of upto 120 years. Best age for construction bamboo is 3-6 years . Tensile strength remains the same throughout the age of the bamboo plant, compressive strength increases as it gets older. The main advantages of using bamboo for roof constctions are: •It is a taditional technolog, which is well understood by local artisans. No special tools are required. •The large-scale utilization of bamboo has no disastous environmental consequences (as in the case of timber), on account of its quick replacement within 4 or 5 years. BAMBOO. Bamboo application (uses as a structural material anchored to the ground.) • Compared with most other building materials, bamboo is cheap to buy, process and maintain. Bamboo mechanical properties:(symbol value (PSI) * Ultimate compressive strength 8,000 * Allowable compressive stess 4,000 * Ultimate tensile stengh stengh 18,000 * Allowable tensile stess 4,000 * Allowable bond stess U 50 * Modulus of elasticity E 2.5X106 Each of the above details is composed of structural grade: bamboo stocks that are attatched to one another using plated steel connections. A series of connections of nuts and bolts used to fasten the steel to the bamboo pieces. The aquatic plants filter out contaminants and use nutients from the water as food which helps prevent algae. Then rocks, such as granite river rock or haydite, to which friendly bacteria each, act as biological filters. A gradual slope contains the plants, gravel and loamy sand, a wall keeps them separate from the swimming area. The regeneration zone can be along the perimeter of a natural pool or a pond unto itself but connected to the swimming area. Plant materials: horwor and anacharis, reed, marsh marigolds and water lilies. Natural predators such as water stiders and dragon flies will come to live in the enrichment area and feast on mosquitoes. A skimmer can be installed to keep mosquitoes away. The water is natural because no chemicals are used. THATCH. Locally harested is teated with silicon oxide(liquid glass). Loom grass a surface is coated with the liquid glass with a thickness of just 100 nanometers or 500 times thinner than human hair. This effectively protects against water, dirt, bacteria, heat, acid, and UV radiation. Also protects against termite attack. The liquid glass coating is flexible, breathable, and not visible to the human eye. The liquid glass surface is resistant to bacteria because bacteria landing on it cannot reproduce with ease. Since liquid glass is breathable, air can easily pass through it ensuring proper air ventilation and cooling of the rooms beneath using natural ventilation techniques. Diagram showing how dry composting toilets work. Earth bags are made of polyropylene bags (UV protection) filled with a mixture of sand, lime, shredded thatch mixed with water. Advantages: 1. Create stable, long-lasting buildings. 2. Minimize or eliminate the use of Porland cement, one of the most energ intensive and polluting materials used in building constction . 3. Maximize use of locally available material 4. Minimize impact on the site (building footrint ) EARTH BAGS. Properties of lime: i. Natural product ii. Healthy and Green iii. Antiseptic iv. Antifngal v. Disinfectant vi. Antistatic (less dust) vii. Protection against insects -Insect Repellent viii. Good thermal and sound insulation ix. Anti-humidity excellent adaptation to changes in temperature. x. Apply to walls: Great diffusing capacity (let the walls breathe) xi. An excellent fire retardant. d. Locally sustainability harvested wood trunks: Cedar posts, Gum Poles NATURAL WATER FEATURES. Technology. Natural ponds accomodate plants, rocks and natural vegetation and comprise the filter zone. Once water filters through the plant zone (stares algae off nutrients), its then pumped through a UV sterilizer filter to ensure maximum cleanliness (by cleanliness ( by cleaning algae) and aeration. Typically, natural ponds have a waterfall to pump water back on to the rocks. Structure. Aboardering wall of massive boulders, lined with the rubber or reinforced polythene, earthbag walls. Natural pools have skimmers and pumps that circulate the water through the regenaration zone and draw it across a wall of rocks, loose gravelto which friendly bacteria serving as an additional biological filter. A gradual slope contains the plants, gravel and loamy sand, a wall keeps them seperate from the circulation space. The regeneration zone can be along the perimeter of the natural pond unto itselg. REGENERATION AREA. Natural pond technology. NATURAL POND. Water level. Water plants. Water flow. Pool bottom Dividing Wall. Water flow. Pump MATERIALS Bamboo Earth bags Wood/ timber (cedar posts) Thatch (Loom grass) LIFE SPAN Up to 120 years Up to 75 years Up to 20 years Up to 50 years STRENGTH Six times greater than that of steel. TREATMENT A week's lime water soaking with heat of 200 o C Add lime pest for pest control, water proofing Pest treatment, water proofing Liquid glass treatment (silicon dioxide) Gravel, sand, loam and lime. Indeginous growing trees. Resin treated /Smoked The proposed cultural center will maximise the use of the local but durable materials to maintain the theme as well as strutural stabilty to the facility. Use of bamboo eg. from the neighbouring kibaale forest. Tied bamboo used for structral stabilty as well as interior finish below the steel truss .
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Transcript of ENVIRONMENTAL/ SUSTAINABLE...
GSPublisherVersion 0.0.100.100
DESIGN THESIS PROJECT 2015/2016.PHYSICAL & BIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN.
DEPT OF ARCHITECTURE & BUILDING SCIENCE.SCHOOL OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT.
UNIVERSITY OF NAIROBI
MINDRA SAMUELB02/35352/2010
6TH YEAR
ENVIRONMENTAL/ SUSTAINABLE DESIGN.
BIO LATERINE CONCEPT.
Sewer duct
Washroom
DRY COMPOSTING TOILETS.
Waterless or Microflush toilet.
Compostingchamber.
Chamberaccess door.
Leachatedrainage.
Exhaustsystem
Ventilationpipe.
TOILETToilet vented when seat
is opened.VentRain cover.
Fan
Vent
Floor
Inspectiondoor.
Composting wastes.
Compostaccess.
Excess liquiddrain
Compost processor
Finishedcompost.
Plan of facility washroom space.
A natural pond is a landscape centerpiece that enhances the value of the cultural center and touristexerience.Technology:A natural pond is usually larger than a normal pool to accommodate the plants, rocks, and naturalvegetation that comprise the filter zone (separate from the desigated swimming area). Once waterfilters through the plant zone (stares algae of nutients), it is then pumped through a UV sterilizer filter toensure maximum cleanliness (by killing algae) and aeration. Tyically, natural ponds have a waterfall topump water back into the swimming area.Trace amounts of chlorine can be added to react with silver and copper beads housed in the pumparea for sanitary purposes (less than the amount found in tap water). Elaborate landscaping and designpossibilities. The regeneration zone can be along the perimeter of a natural pool or on one side of it. Diagram showing how dry composting toilets work.
Fan.
Generic Composter.
Active zone.
Primary aerobicbacteria at work.
Curing zone.
Primary actinomyceles& fungi at work.
Finishing zone.
Primarily fungiat work.
Leachate.
Oxygen demand.
80%.
15%.
5-0 %.
Leachate drainage toleachfield,disposal utilization.
Structure:A bordering wall built of massive boulders, lined with rubber or reinforcedpolyethylene, earth bag walls, The pools have skimmers and pumps thatcirculate the water through the regeneration zone and draw it across a wallof rocks, loose gavel or tiles, to which friendly bacteria aach, serving as anadditional biological filter.The natural pools have skimmers and pumps that circulate the waterthrough the regeneration zone and back into the pond.
Design is sustainable, of top-notch standards and highly effective in its operation, maintenance andconstruction. This should also translate into a cost effective build.This should include the use ofi) Renewable energy resources.ii) Environmentally friendly building materials.iii) Use of local building technology and technique.iv) Reduced water consumption and wastage; Water reticulationv) Sewerage and solid waste treatment and management.
The design should show a clear demonstation of lower life cycle costs through:i) Proper ventilationii) Energy effcient design.iii) Daylighting.iv) Use of Renewable energy on site energy.v) Universal design: caters for the needs of the physically challenged and other users with special needs.
Design applications:i) Water is heated with solar PV panels for gest and kitchen use.ii) Cross ventilation and ceiling fans create suffcient cooling effect to ensure guest comfort.iii) Reduce, Reuse & Recycle policy. There is a strong recycling program proposed, with utmost focus on reducing i.e.bringing in as little trash to the island as possible.iv) Wastewater is treated in an on site treatment plant. The reed bed system that is all natural, recycles water andadds nutrients to the plant material.v) Use of organic and biodegadable soaps, cleaning detergents and spa products.vi) Chlorine systems to clean water in the pool.vii) Energy effcient solar and wind powered lighting and illumination.Undergound electicity system (where necessary) that does not interfere with the indigenous fauna especially the birds.
BUILDING MATERIALS.
Not only is bamboo used for �ooring, roof tiles, drainage pipesand srtucture, the roof's stctral system is also a water harestingsystem in individual structures .Bamboo has a Life Span of upto 120 years.Best age for construction bamboo is 3-6 years .Tensile strength remains the same throughout the age of the bambooplant, compressive strength increases as it gets older.The main advantages of using bamboo for roof constctions are:•It is a taditional technolog, which is well understood by localartisans. No special tools are required.•The large-scale utilization of bamboo has no disastousenvironmental consequences (as in the case of timber), on account ofits quick replacement within 4 or 5 years.
BAMBOO.
Bamboo application (uses as a structural material anchoredto the ground.)
• Compared with most other building materials, bamboo is cheap tobuy, process and maintain.Bamboo mechanical properties:(symbol value (PSI)* Ultimate compressive strength 8,000* Allowable compressive stess 4,000* Ultimate tensile stengh stengh 18,000* Allowable tensile stess 4,000* Allowable bond stess U 50* Modulus of elasticity E 2.5X106
Each of the above details is composed of structural grade:bamboo stocks that are attatched to one another using platedsteel connections. A series of connections of nuts and bolts usedto fasten the steel to the bamboo pieces.
The aquatic plants filter out contaminants and use nutients from the water as food which helps prevent algae. Then rocks, such asgranite river rock or haydite, to which friendly bacteria each, act as biological filters.A gradual slope contains the plants, gravel and loamy sand, a wall keeps them separate from the swimming area. The regeneration zonecan be along the perimeter of a natural pool or a pond unto itself but connected to the swimming area.Plant materials: horwor and anacharis, reed, marsh marigolds and water lilies. Natural predators such as water stiders and dragonflies will come to live in the enrichment area and feast on mosquitoes. A skimmer can be installed to keep mosquitoes away. The water isnatural because no chemicals are used.
THATCH.
Locally harested is teated with silicon oxide(liquid glass). Loom grass a surface iscoated with the liquid glass with a thickness of just 100 nanometers or 500 timesthinner than human hair.This effectively protects against water, dirt, bacteria, heat, acid, and UV radiation.Also protects against termite attack. The liquid glass coating is flexible, breathable,and not visible to the human eye. The liquid glass surface is resistant to bacteriabecause bacteria landing on it cannot reproduce with ease. Since liquid glass isbreathable, air can easily pass through it ensuring proper air ventilation and coolingof the rooms beneath using natural ventilation techniques.
Diagram showing how dry composting toilets work.
Earth bags are made of polyropylene bags (UV protection) filled with amixture of sand, lime, shredded thatch mixed with water.Advantages:1. Create stable, long-lasting buildings.2. Minimize or eliminate the use of Porland cement, one of the mostenerg intensive and polluting materials used in building constction .3. Maximize use of locally available material4. Minimize impact on the site (building footrint )
EARTH BAGS.
Properties of lime:i. Natural productii. Healthy and Greeniii. Antisepticiv. Antifngalv. Disinfectantvi. Antistatic (less dust)vii. Protection against insects -Insect Repellentviii. Good thermal and sound insulationix. Anti-humidity excellent adaptation to changes intemperature.x. Apply to walls: Great diffusing capacity (let the wallsbreathe)xi. An excellent fire retardant.d. Locally sustainability harvested wood trunks: Cedarposts, Gum Poles
NATURAL WATER FEATURES.
Technology.Natural ponds accomodate plants, rocks and natural vegetation and comprise thefilter zone. Once water filters through the plant zone (stares algae off nutrients), itsthen pumped through a UV sterilizer filter to ensure maximum cleanliness (bycleanliness ( by cleaning algae) and aeration. Typically, natural ponds have a waterfallto pump water back on to the rocks.
Structure.Aboardering wall of massive boulders, lined with the rubber or reinforced polythene,earthbag walls. Natural pools have skimmers and pumps that circulate the waterthrough the regenaration zone and draw it across a wall of rocks, loose graveltowhich friendly bacteria serving as an additional biological filter. A gradual slopecontains the plants, gravel and loamy sand, a wall keeps them seperate from thecirculation space. The regeneration zone can be along the perimeter of the naturalpond unto itselg.
REGENERATION AREA.
Natural pond technology.
NATURAL POND.
Water level.Water plants.
Water flow.
Pool bottom
Dividing Wall.Water flow.
Pump
MATERIALS
Bamboo
Earth bags
Wood/ timber (cedar posts)
Thatch (Loom grass)
LIFE SPAN
Up to 120 years
Up to 75 years
Up to 20 years
Up to 50 years
STRENGTH
Six times greater than that of steel.
TREATMENT
A week's lime water soaking with heat of 200oC
Add lime pest for pest control, water proofing
Pest treatment, water proofing
Liquid glass treatment (silicon dioxide)
Gravel, sand, loam and lime.
Indeginous growing trees.
Resin treated /SmokedThe proposed cultural center will maximise the use of the localbut durable materials to maintain the theme as well as struturalstabilty to the facility. Use of bamboo eg. from theneighbouring kibaale forest.
Tied bamboo used for structral stabilty aswell as interior finish below the steel truss .
