Environment and the Role of Innovation in the … & Three Star System UAE : Abu Dhabi Estidama...
Transcript of Environment and the Role of Innovation in the … & Three Star System UAE : Abu Dhabi Estidama...
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Vasudevan R Kadalayil
Ecumene Habitat Solutions Pvt Ltd
Thursday, 5th June 2014
Congreso Colombiano de la Construccion 2014
Cartagena de Indias, Colombia
Environment & the Role of Innovation in Construction
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CONTENTS
Global Outlook
Construction Industry & Global Warming
Colombia
Construction Industry & its Impact on the Environment
The National Green Building Code
Opportunities and Methodologies
For Architects & Consulting Engineers
For Developers
For Equipment and Material Manufacturers
For Bankers
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Polar Ice caps have melted faster in the last 20 years than the previous 10,000 years
Gangotri (Source of
the Ganga)
Central Himalayas
Polar Ice-caps & Glaciers
+ Enviornment & Construction Industry
23%
50%
40%
50% 50%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Air quality
(Cities)
Climate
Change
gases
Drinking
Water
Pollution
Landfill
Waste
Ozone
Depletion
Statistics of global pollution that can be attributed to
buildings
Air quality (Cities)
Climate Change gases
Drinking Water Pollution
Landfill Waste
Ozone Depletion
50%
50%
80%
60%
50%
25%
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%
Water
Materials for Buildings & Roads ( by Bulk)
Agriculture land loss to buildings
Timber Products for construction
Coal reef destruction [Indirect]
Rainforest destruction [Indirect]
Resource consumption by construction industry
http://www.willmottdixongroup.co.uk/assets/b/r/briefing-note-33-impacts-of-construction-2.pdf
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Buildings account for nearly 40% of the total energy consumption globally.
Potential energy savings in buildings could reach between 20% to 40%.
Energy & Construction Industry
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Embodied Water in typical building materials
1Kg of concrete 2,000 liters
1kg of steel 40 liters
1kg of Aluminum
88 liters
1kg of plastic 185liters
1Cum of Brick 300 – 174 liters
Water & Construction Industry
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CountryMandatory
[Enforced by Authority]Voluntary
United States BEECMany rating systems, of which LEED
is most widely used
United Kingdom
BEEC plus policy measures for zero-
carbon homes, energy
performance certificates
BREEAM rating system
Switzerland
Established BEEC codes throughout
the states, MINERGIE standard
compulsory in some states
MINERGIE standard
Australia BEEC Green Star rating system
Singapore
BEEC throughout the economy,
minimum certification with Green
Mark required
Green Mark certification above
minimum standard
China
BEEC +require at least 50%
improvement in energy efficiency
from baseline
LEED & Three Star System
UAE : Abu Dhabi Estidama building codes Estidama Pearl rating above
minimum level
UAE : DubaiInternational building codes
currently usedLEED, BREEAM
ChileCodes for residential energy
efficiencyLEED Rating System
ArgentinaRegionally enforced standards for
residential energy efficiencyLEED Rating System
Mexico BEEC + Regionally enforced codes
LEED Rating System, GBR System,
Green Mortgage Programme
Construction Industry & Green Building Initiatives
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2010 Annual Emissions have been pegged at 75,680 Mt CO2 (an increase of 32% from 1990 to 2010).
Source: http://wdi.worldbank.org/table/3.9
33.615.389
5.433.057
8.286.892
2.008.82375.680
World USA China India Colombia
0
5.000.000
10.000.000
15.000.000
20.000.000
25.000.000
30.000.000
35.000.000
40.000.000
Green House Gas Emission
World USA China India Colombia
Colombia – Annual Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Output
Per Capita GHG Emissions Ranking: 142
Overall GHG Emissions: 50
Population with access to:Electricity: 97.6%Water: 87.4%Natural Gas: 57.3%
Source: USEnergy Information Administration, Ministerio de Minas y Energia, DANE
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Electricity &
Heat
Production
21%
Manufacturi
ng Industries
&
Construction
31%
Residential
Buildings &
Commercial
& Public
Services
8%
Transport
36%
Others
4%
GHG Emissions in Colombia
Source: http://wdi.worldbank.org/table/3.10
Colombia – Sectoral
Distribution
+ Sponsors 18
The International Finance
Corporation with the support of
SECO
The Main Partners for the National
Green Building Code in Colombia
are:
•Ministerio de Vivienda, Ciudad
y Territorio (Ministry of Housing,
Cities and Territorial Development)
•Camacol Nacional
+ Sponsors & National Advisory Council 19
The other partners of the National Advisory
Council:
• Ministerio de Minas y Energia (Ministry
of Mines and Energy) / UPME (Unidad de
Planeacion Minero Energetica)
• Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarollo
Sostenible (Ministry of Environment and
Sustainable Development)
• Departmento de Planeacion Nacional
(Department of National Planning)
• Consejo Colombiano de Construccion
Sostenible (Colombia Sustainable Building
Council)
• Sociedad Colombiana de Arquitectos
(Colombian Society of Architects)
+ Current Status - Socialisation 20
• The final stages of
Socialisation under
process.
• Recommendations
from various
stakeholders being
responded to.
• After the final
changes, the code
should take about 10
days to FINALIZE
socialization process
• Central government
can then approve the
Decree July / August
2014
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Parameters considered for selecting cities:
• Parameters agreed in with IDEAM considering complex geography of the country.
• Construction activity & market trend• Climatic zones – Height above the sea level is the main factor which
characterizes cities’ climate.
World Atlas
City nameAltitude from MSL in meters
Climate type
1 Bogota >2000m Cold
2 Medellin Between 1000-2000 Temperate
3 Cali <1000m Warm (Inland)
4 Barranquilla<1000m; <50km from Coast
Warm (Coastal)
Colombia – Climate Zones
+ Arriving at the Baseline – Steps 2 and 3
22
Colombia – Building Types Covered
• Residential (VIP,
VIS & Resi High)
• Offices
• Retail
• Institutions
• Hotels
• Hospitals
• GBC for Colombia is based on a deep & extensive analysis of
resource saving potential and the construction cost.
• Therefore it’s a progressive and market-sensitive regulation
allowing for easy application
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Hotel Office Mall Hospital School Res VIP Res VIS Res High
1 WWR
2 Horizontal shading
3Vertical shading (vertical shadow angle - HSA) to
1200mm range
4Horizontal & Vertical Systems combined shading
(HSA & VSA)
5 Glass U value
6 Coefficient of solar heat gain in glass (SHGC)
8 Wall U value
9 Roof u value
10 Wall Reflectivity
11 Roof reflectivity
12 Natural Ventilation
13 Daylight and daylight controls
14 Lighting power density
15 Economizers
16 Coefficient of performance (COP) - Air conditioning
17 Variable speed drives (VSD) in cooling towers
18Sensors carbon monoxide (CO) for ventilation of
parking
19 Variable Speed Drives (VSD) for pumps
20 Heat recovery from exhaust air
21 Controls (occupancy sensors, zoning)
22 Outdoor Lighting Controls
23 Efficiencies of elevators and escalators
24Sub-metering of electricity (not a measure of
efficiency-used to evaluate usage patterns)
25 Power factor correctors
Energy Efficiency Measures – Cold Climate
+
Type of
building
Water
conservation
Accessories
(keys low flow
showers and
dual flush toilets)
Wastewater
treatment and
water recycling
Rainwater
collection and
reuse
Water efficient
landscaping
Condensate
water recoverySub-metering of
water
Solar hot water
system
Storm water
management
and aquifer
recharge
Hotel
Office
Mall
Hospital
School
Res VIP
Res VIS
Res High
Mandatory
Voluntary
Not Recommended
Water Efficiency Measures – Cold Climate
+Hotel Office Mall Hospital School Res VIP Res VIS Res High
1 WWR
2 Horizontal shading
3Vertical shading (vertical shadow angle - HSA) to
1200mm range
4Horizontal & Vertical Systems combined shading
(HSA & VSA)
5 Glass U value
6 Coefficient of solar heat gain in glass (SHGC)
7 Wall U value
8 Roof u value
9 Wall Reflectivity
10 Roof reflectivity
11 Natural Ventilation
12 Daylight and daylight controls
13 Lighting power density
14 Economizers
15Coefficient of performance (COP) - Air
conditioning
16 Variable speed drives (VSD) in cooling towers
17Sensors carbon monoxide (CO) for ventilation of
parking
18 Variable Speed Drives (VSD) for pumps
19 Heat recovery from exhaust air
20 Controls (occupancy sensors, zoning)
21 Outdoor Lighting Controls
22 Efficiencies of elevators and escalators
23Sub-metering of electricity (not a measure of
efficiency-used to evaluate usage patterns)
24 Power factor correctors
Energy Efficiency Measures – Temperate Climate
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Type of
building
Water
conservation
Accessories
(keys low flow
showers and
dual flush toilets)
Wastewater
treatment and
water recycling
Rainwater
collection and
reuse
Water efficient
landscapingCondensate
water recoverySub-metering of
water Solar hot water
system
Storm water
management
and aquifer
recharge
Hotel
Office
Mall
Hospital
School
Res VIP
Res VIS
Res High
Mandatory
Voluntary
Not Recommended
Water Efficiency Measures – Temperate Climate
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Hotel Office Mall Hospital School Res VIP Res VIS Res High
1 WWR
2 Horizontal shading
3Vertical shading (vertical shadow angle - HSA) to
1200mm range
4Horizontal & Vertical Systems combined shading
(HSA & VSA)
5 Glass U value
6 Coefficient of solar heat gain in glass (SHGC)
7 Wall U value
8 Roof u value
9 Wall Reflectivity
10 Roof reflectivity
11 Natural Ventilation
12 Daylight and daylight controls
13 Lighting power density
14 Economizers
15Coefficient of performance (COP) - Air
conditioning
16 Variable speed drives (VSD) in cooling towers
17Sensors carbon monoxide (CO) for ventilation of
parking
18 Variable Speed Drives (VSD) for pumps
19 Heat recovery from exhaust air
20 Controls (occupancy sensors, zoning)
21 Outdoor Lighting Controls
22 Efficiencies of elevators and escalators
23Sub-metering of electricity (not a measure of
efficiency-used to evaluate usage patterns)
24 Power factor correctors
Energy Efficiency Measures – Warm (Inland)
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Type of
building
Water
conservation
Accessories
(keys low flow
showers and
dual flush
toilets)
Wastewater
treatment and
water recycling
Rainwater
collection and
reuse
Water efficient
landscaping
Condensate
water recoverySub-metering of
water
Solar hot water
system
Storm water
management
and aquifer
recharge
Hotel
Office
Mall
Hospital
School
Res VIP
Res VIS
Res High
Mandatory
Voluntary
Not Recommended
Water Efficiency Measures – Warm (Inland)
+Hotel Office Mall Hospital School Res VIP Res VIS Res High
1 WWR
2 Horizontal shading
3Vertical shading (vertical shadow angle - HSA)
to 1200mm range
4Horizontal & Vertical Systems combined shading
(HSA & VSA)
5 Glass U value
6 Coefficient of solar heat gain in glass (SHGC)
7 Wall U value
8 Roof u value
9 Wall Reflectivity
10 Roof reflectivity
11 Natural Ventilation
12 Daylight and daylight controls
13 Lighting power density
14 Economizers
15Coefficient of performance (COP) - Air
conditioning
16Variable speed drives (VSD) in cooling towers
17Sensors carbon monoxide (CO) for ventilation of
parking
18 Variable Speed Drives (VSD) for pumps
19 Heat recovery from exhaust air
20 Controls (occupancy sensors, zoning)
21 Outdoor Lighting Controls
22 Efficiencies of elevators and escalators
23Sub-metering of electricity (not a measure of
efficiency-used to evaluate usage patterns)
24 Power factor correctors
Energy Efficiency Measures – Warm (Coastal)
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Type of
building
Water
conservation
Accessories
(keys low flow
showers and
dual flush toilets)
Wastewater
treatment and
water recycling
Rainwater
collection and
reuse
Water efficient
landscaping
Condensate
water recovery
Sub-metering of
water
Solar hot water
system
Storm water
management
and aquifer
recharge
Hotel
Office
Mall
Hospital
School
Res VIP
Res VIS
Res High
Mandatory
Voluntary
Not Recommended
Water Efficiency Measures – Warm (Coastal)
+ Energy Savings from the Code
37%
30%
40%
23%
51%
9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
HOTEL OFFICE MALL HOSPITAL SCHOOL RES HIGH
Moderate Climate
19%
31%27%
37%
56%
9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
HOTEL OFFICE MALL HOSPITAL SCHOOL RES HIGH
Cold Climate
44%
31% 32%29%
44%
9%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
HOTEL OFFICE MALL HOSPITAL SCHOOL RES HIGH
Warm (Coastal) Climate
23%
41%
34% 34%
49%
9%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
HOTEL OFFICE MALL HOSPITAL SCHOOL RES HIGH
Warm (Inland) Climate
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43%
19%
9%
45%
16%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Office Retail Hotel Hospital Residence 4-6
Combined Savings with all water conservation measures
Moderate Climate
39%
29%
26%
12%
16%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Office Retail Hotel Hospital Residence 4-6
Combined Savings with all water conservation measures
Cold Climate
26%24%
49%
44%
14%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Office Retail Hotel Hospital Residence 4-6
Combined Savings with all water conservation measures
Warm (Coastal) Climate
56%
51%
42%
9%
13%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Office Retail Hotel Hospital Residence High 4-
6
Combined Savings with all water conservation measures
Warm (Inland) Climate
Water Savings from the Code
+Architects & Consulting Engineers – Integrated Design
Approach
• Hydraulics Consultant
• Project Manager
• All Consultants
• Project Manager
• Electrical Consultant
• HVAC Consultant
• Project Manager
• Architect
• HVAC Consultant
• Project Manager Energy-
efficiency measures – Passive
Energy-efficiency measures – Active
Water-efficiency measures
Good Practices
+
Understanding Building Physics: There is a need for design
professionals to revisit the principles of building physics while
designing buildings.
Revisiting Building Physics
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The code has been designed to avoid resorting to expensive building
energy/water modelling tools. Most guidelines are simple and prescriptive.
Modelling Tools
+
Opportunity for a new design language: An active engagement with
the environment helps in creating a refined language of architectural
aesthetics.
New Design Language
+
Singapore Model
Meeting the Code &
Beating the Code
Meeting Codal
ProvisionsGreen Mark
Meeting the Code & Beating the Code
+The Triple Bottom-line Approach
Profit
• Profits and RoI
• Job Creation
• Taxes
People
• Customer satisfaction
• Employee Welfare
• Social Participation
Planet
• Energy Efficiency
• Water Efficiency
• Indoor/Outdoor Environment Quality
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Understanding the code and
how it operates in different
climates
Contextualising the approach
Altering existing company-wide
Design Guidelines to
accommodate the code
Internalising the Code
+Developers - International Examples
ZED Homeshttp://www.zed.in/about
Six Strands
• Earth
• Energy
• Water
• Waste
• Air
• Biomass
+ Developers – International Examples
Value Budget Housing Corporationhttp://www.vbhc.com/vbhc-homes/sustainability
• Managing water resources in a responsible manner
• Managing and creating ‘wealth from waste’ in the
community
• Reducing the overall energy consumption for the
development
• Building a community aware of its responsibility
towards sustainability
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ITC Group, Indiahttp://www.itcportal.com/sustainability/cleaner-environment.aspx
Developers – International Examples
• Green Hotels
• Renewable Energy
• Waste Recylcing
+Equipment & Material Manufacturers
• Opportunities to innovate on
existing products
• Opportunities for new product
lines
• Opportunities for Research &
Development
• Creating a data base about
Embodied Energy and Water
• Creating a matrix about
Social and Environmental
Effects
+Aiding better lending
Higher Utility Bills
Lower repayment capacity
Lower Utility Bills
Higher Repayment
Capacity
+Green Investments
Interest rate discounts for green buildings – Corporate and Retail
Green Building Fund for Building Improvement (ESCO Model)
+Learnings from Other Countries
Singapore – creating a seamless mandatory-voluntary mechanism
Encouraging buildings to be better
India – incentive mechanisms to encourage sustainable construction
Extra Buildable Area
Reduction in Property Tax
Fast-tracking Applications
Jakarta – the keenness of developers to use the code
+
Colombian Model will be the model for the rest of Latin America
Camacol – a unique
organisation
The initiative by Camacol and IFC
The earnestness of the
Government
Inter-ministerial cooperation –National Advisory Council
Developers can look at sharing their experience with rest of the Latin American Countries
Learnings from
Colombia
Institute of Building
Innovation