Nita Ambani(born November 1, 1965) is an Indian businesswoman and the founder and chairperson of theDhirubhai Ambani International School. She is the wife of industrialistMukesh Ambani.[1][2]She is actively involved in various philanthropic activities in the fields of education, human resources and disaster relief.[3]Nita Ambani also is the co-owner of theMumbai Indianscricket team and is actively involved in Project Drishti, a social initiative taken byReliance Industries(RIL) and National Association for the Blind.[4]Contents[hide] 1Early life 2Career 3Social work 4Personal life 5Awards and honours 6References 7External linksEarly life[edit]Born on November 1, 1965, grew up in the suburbs ofMumbaiand hails from a middle-class family.[5]Her father was a senior executive in Birla. She has always had a keen interest in Indian classical dance and wanted to pursue a career in dance. While her mother aspired for her to become a chartered accountant, she now holds qualifications as a teacher and an interior designer. She is also a commerce graduate fromNarsee Monjee College of Commerce and Economics.Career[edit]Nita Ambani has been associated withDhirubhai Ambani International Schoolsince its inception in June 2003.[6][7]She is the chairperson of the school. The school is considered one of the premier schools in Mumbai and is one of the 37 in India that offer theInternational Baccalaureate Program. She has headed theDhirubhai Ambani Foundation,[8]which is a non-profit organisation primarily devoted towards the promotion of education and health care services for the poor and under privileged in India. She also serves on the board forOberoi Hotels & Resorts. She remains as a non-executive director for the same. This is also her first honorary position outside ofReliance Industries Limited.[9]On 18 June 2014 she was appointed as a director on the board ofReliance Industries Limited.[10]Social work[edit]Mrs. Ambani heads theDhirubhai Ambani Foundation.[11]She is also part ofReliance IndustriesandUNAIDSpartnership which is aimed towards halting and reversing the HIV epidemic in India.[12]She spearheads Project Drishti, a unique initiative by RIL and NAB, with a vision to give sight to blind people from the underprivileged segment at no cost. Under the project, she started a Hindi fortnightly newspaper in Braille.[13]Personal life[edit]Nita Ambani is the wife ofMukesh Ambani, the richest man in India and the eldest daughter-in-law of Late Sh.Dhirubhai Ambani, the founder of Reliance Industries Limited. They have 3 Children. Two sons, Ananth and Akash, and a daughter Isha.[14]Awards and honours[edit] Recipient of the Samaj Seva Vishwa Bhushan at the Bharat Nari Shakti award function which was held on the International Women's Day in 2005.[15] Awarded 'Corporate Citizen of the Year 2012' by All India Management Association (AIMA)[16] Conferred Honorary Doctorate(Degree of Doctor or Letters) By Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya SCSVMV, University of Kanchipuram for her contribution in the field of education, philanthropy and social work.[17] Awarded 'Entrepreneur of the Year' in April 2015 by AIMA.[18]The Indian Super League trophy was unveiled on 5 October 2014 in Mumbai by IMG-Reliance chairperson Nita Ambani. The trophy was also unveiled by all eight marquee players for the 2014 season.[42]References[edit]1. Jump up^"How Nita Ambani was courted". Hindustan Times. 2 January 2009. Retrieved31 December2010.2. Jump up^Sengupta, Somini (7 May 2008)."Bright Lights and Big Money in India's New Cricket League". The New York Times. Retrieved31 December2010.3. Jump up^14 October 2010, 04.26PM IST,PTI (14 October 2010)."Nita Ambani to lecture at London School of Economics on Friday The Economic Times". Economictimes.indiatimes.com. Retrieved31 December2010.4. Jump up^"Project Drishti: Restoring sight to the blind". Meri News. 8 February 2008.5. Jump up^{she worked ambani bar as a bar dancer"Nita Ambani | Nita Ambani First Corporate Lady of India". Reliance News. Retrieved31 December2010.6. Jump up^"Nita M. Ambani". Da-is.org. Retrieved31 December2010.7. Jump up^Priya Tanna (19 August 2005)."Nita Ambani speaks her mind". DNAIndia.com.8. Jump up^Rajiv Sharma (6 May 2010)."DAF in Nita Ambani's Responsible Hands". Indiaprwire.com. Retrieved31 December2010.9. Jump up^ET Bureau (31 October 2010)."Nita Ambani appointed as Additional Director in EIH Board". Economic Times.10. Jump up^"Nita Ambani joins as a Director on the Board of Reliance Industries Ltd".IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved18 June2014.11. Jump up^"Nita Ambani to deliver lecture at LSE The Times of India". Timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 15 October 2010. Retrieved31 December2010.12. Jump up^Max, on 7 June 2010 (7 June 2010)."Nita Ambani". Theconsumerism.com. Retrieved31 December2010.13. Jump up^"Reliance Foundation launches first Hindi mag in Braille, IBN Live News". Ibnlive.in.com. 10 May 2011. Retrieved20 March2012.14. Jump up^"India's young billionaire heirs and heiresses". Retrieved7 January2014.15. Jump up^"Nita Ambani awarded Samaj Seva Vishwa Vibhushan Smt. Nita Mukesh Ambani, President, Dhirubhai Ambani Foundation, was awarded the 'Samaj Seva Vishwa Vibhushan' at the hands of H.E. Shri S.M. Krishna, Governor of Maharashtra, at the Bharat Nari Shakti 200". Press.xtvworld.com. Retrieved31 December2010.16. Jump up^"Will spread education into India's interiors: Nita Ambani". Retrieved19 April2012.17. Jump up^"Doctorate for Nita Ambani".Hindu Business Line. 17 October 2013. Retrieved2 January2014.18. Jump up^https://www.aima.in/media-centre/events/mia.htmlExternal links[edit]Indra Krishnamurthy Nooyiborn 28 October 1955) is an Indian-born,naturalizedAmerican, business executive and the currentChairpersonandChief Executive OfficerofPepsiCo, the second largest food and beverage business in the world by net revenue.[3]She has consistently ranked among theWorld's 100 Most Powerful Women.[4]In 2014, she was ranked 13 in the list of Forbes World's 100 most powerful women.[5]Contents[hide] 1Early life and career 2PepsiCo executive 3Compensation 4Honours, awards and international recognition 5Memberships and Associations 6See also 7Notes 8External linksEarly life and career[edit]Nooyi was born to a Tamil-speaking family[6]inMadras(presentlyChennai),[7]Tamil Nadu,India. She was educated atHoly Angels Anglo Indian Higher Secondary Schoolin Madras. She received a Bachelor's degree in Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics fromMadras Christian Collegein 1974 and aPost Graduate Diploma in Management(MBA) fromIndian Institute of Management Calcuttain 1976.[8]Beginning her career in India, Nooyi held product manager positions atJohnson & Johnsonand textile firm Mettur Beardsell. She was admitted toYale School of Managementin 1978 and earned a Master's degree in Public and Private Management. While at Yale, she completed her summer internship withBooz Allen Hamilton.[9]Graduating in 1980, Nooyi joined theBoston Consulting Group(BCG), and then held strategy positions atMotorolaandAsea Brown Boveri.[10]PepsiCo executive[edit]Wikinews has related news:PepsiCo names Nooyi CEO as Reinemund retires

Nooyi joinedPepsiCoin 1994 and was named president and CFO in 2001. Nooyi has directed the company's global strategy for more than a decade and led PepsiCo's restructuring, including the 1997 divestiture of its restaurants into Tricon, now known asYum! Brands. Nooyi also took the lead in the acquisition ofTropicanain 1998,[11]and the merger withQuaker Oats Company, which also broughtGatoradeto PepsiCo. In 2006 she became the fifth CEO in PepsiCo's 44-year history.[12]She was named as the 3rd Most Powerful Woman in Business byFortuneon 2014.According toBloomberg Businessweek(now known asBloomberg Business), since she started as CFO in 2001,[13]the company's annual revenues have risen 72%, while net profit more than doubled, to $5.6 billion in 2006.[14]Nooyi was named onWall Street Journal's list of 50 women to watch in 2007 and 2008,[15][16]and was listed amongTime's 100 Most Influential People in The World in 2007 and 2008.Forbesnamed her the #3 most powerful woman in 2008.[17]In 2014, she was ranked #13 byForbes.[5]Fortuneranked her the #1 most powerful woman in business in 2009 and 2010. On the 7th of October 2010 Fortune magazine ranked her the 6th most powerful woman in the world.[18][19]Compensation[edit]While CEO of PepsiCo in 2011, Nooyi earned a total compensation of $17 million which included a base salary of $1.6 million, a cash bonus of $2.5 million, pension value anddeferred compensationof $3 million.[20]Honours, awards and international recognition[edit]Forbesmagazine ranked Nooyi fourth on the 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2014 lists ofThe World's 100 Most Powerful Women.[5][21]Fortunemagazine has named Nooyi number one on its annual ranking of Most Powerful Women in business for 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 and 2010.[22][23][24][25]In 2008, Nooyi was named one of America's Best Leaders byU.S. News & World Report.[26]In 2008, she was elected to the Fellowship of theAmerican Academy of Arts and Sciences.[27]In January 2008, Nooyi was elected Chairwoman of the US-India Business Council (USIBC). Nooyi leads USIBC's Board of Directors, an assembly of more than 60 senior executives representing a cross-section of American industry.[28][29]Nooyi has been named 2009 CEO of the Year by Global Supply Chain Leaders Group.[30]In 2009, Nooyi was considered one of "The TopGun CEOs" by Brendan Wood International, an advisory agency.[31][32]After five years on top, PepsiCo's Indian American chairman and CEO Indra Nooyi has been pushed to the second spot as most powerful woman in US business by Kraft's CEO,Irene Rosenfeld.[33]Nooyi was named toInstitutional Investor's Best CEOs list in the All-America Executive Team Survey in 2008 to 2011.[34]YearNameAwarding organizationRef.

2013Honorary DegreeNorth Carolina State University[35]

2011Honorary Doctor of LawsWake Forest University[citation needed]

2011Honorary Doctor of LawsUniversity of Warwick[36]

2011Honorary Doctorate of LawMiami University[37]

2010Honorary Doctorate of Humane LettersPennsylvania State University[38]

2009Honorary DegreeDuke University[39]

2009Barnard Medal of HonorBarnard College[40]

2008Honorary DegreeNew York University[citation needed]

2007Padma BhushanPresident of India[41]

2004Honorary Doctor of LawsBabson College[42]

Memberships and Associations[edit]Nooyi is a Successor Fellow of theYale Corporation.[43]She serves as a member of the Foundation Board of theWorld Economic Forum,International Rescue Committee,Catalyst[44]and theLincoln Center for the Performing Arts. She is also a member of the Board of Trustees ofEisenhower Fellowships, and has served as Chairperson of the U.S.-India Business Council.Nooyi serves as an Honorary Co-Chair for theWorld Justice Project. The World Justice Project works to lead a global, multidisciplinary effort to strengthen theRule of Lawfor the development of communities of opportunity and equity.She has two daughters and resides inGreenwich, Connecticut. One of her daughters is currently attending the School of Management at Yale, Nooyi's alma mater.[45]Forbes ranked her at the 3rd spot among 'World's Powerful Moms' list.[46]Her older sister is singerChandrika Krishnamurthy Tandon.[47]See also[edit] Indians in the New York City metropolitan regionNotes[edit]1. Jump up^The TIME 1002. Jump up^[1]3. Jump up^"PepsiCo, Inc. (NYSE:PEP): Second Quarter 2010 Earnings Preview".IStock Analyst. 15 July 2010. Retrieved11 December2010.4. Jump up^Sellers, Patricia (2012-10-02)."Forbes Magazine's List of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women".Forbes.5. ^Jump up to:abc"#13 Indra Nooyi".Forbes. Forbes. Retrieved20 June2014.6. Jump up^http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2007-02-07/news/28471801_1_indra-nooyi-nandan-nilekani-personal-side7. Jump up^"Pride of Chennai - A list of people that make Chennai proud". Itz Chennai. January 2012.8. Jump up^Notable Biographies9. Jump up^Sellers, Patricia (2006-10-02)."It's good to be the boss".CNN.10. Jump up^"Alumni Leaders Indra Nooyi '80". Yale School of Management. Retrieved2009-07-09.11. Jump up^Levine, Greg (2006-08-14)."'Power Women' Member Nooyi To Lead 'Platinum' Pepsi".Forbes. Retrieved2007-09-10.12. Jump up^"Indra Nooyi, Chairman and CEO of PepsiCo, Named CEO of the Year by GSCLG". Marketwire. 2009-09-09. Retrieved2009-07-09.13. Jump up^"Forbes Profile: Indra Nooyi". Retrieved2007-12-09.14. Jump up^Brady, Diane (2007-06-11)."Indra Nooyi: Keeping Cool In Hot Water".BusinessWeek. Retrieved2009-07-10.15. Jump up^McKay, Betsy (2008-22-19)."The 50 Women to Watch 2007".Wall Street Journal. Retrieved2009-07-10.Check date values in:|date=(help)16. Jump up^Crittenden, Michael R. (2008-11-10)."The 50 Women to Watch 2008".Wall Street Journal. Retrieved2009-07-10.17. Jump up^The 100 Most Powerful Women, Forbes.com18. Jump up^The 50 Most Powerful Women in Business, Fortune.com19. Jump up^The World's 100 Most Powerful Women,peoplestar.co.uk, Retrieved on 2010-10-11.20. Jump up^PepsiCo CEO Nooyi gets $17 mn in compensation | NDTV.com21. Jump up^"The 100 Most Powerful Women: #3".Forbes. 2008-08-27. Retrieved2008-08-27.22. Jump up^"50 Most Powerful Women 2006: #1".CNN. Retrieved2009-09-22.23. Jump up^Benner, Katie; Levenson, Eugenia; Arora, Rupali."50 Most Powerful Women 2007: #1".CNN. Retrieved2009-09-22.24. Jump up^

Chanda Kochhar(Born 17 November 1961) is the managing director (MD) ofICICI Bankand its chief executive officer (CEO). ICICI Bank isIndia's largest private bank and overall second largest bank in the country.[1][2]She also heads the Corporate Centre of ICICI Bank.Contents[hide] 1Early life 2Careers 2.119841993 2.219932008 32006present 4Recognition 5References 6External linksEarly life[edit]Chanda was born inJodhpur,Rajasthanand raised inJaipur, Rajasthan. She is an alumnus of St. Angela Sophia School, Jaipur. She then moved toMumbai, where she joinedJai Hind Collegefor a Bachelor of Arts degree. After graduating in 1982 she then pursued Cost AccountancyICWAI, Later, she acquired the Master's degree in Management Studies fromJamnalal Bajaj Institute of Management Studies,Mumbai. She received the Wockhardt Gold Medal for Excellence in Management Studies as well as the J. N. Bose Gold Medal in Cost Accountancy for highest marks in the same year.[3]Kochhar resides in Mumbai, and is married to Deepak Kochhar, a wind energy entrepreneur and her business school mate. She has two children, a son, Arjun, and a daughter, Aarti.[3][4]Careers[edit]19841993[edit]In 1984, Kochhar joined the Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India Ltd. (ICICI).[5]as a management trainee after her Master's degree. In her early years in ICICI, she handled Project Appraisal and Monitoring and projects in various industries like Textile, Paper and Cement.[3]19932008[edit]In 1993, Kochhar was sent to ICICI bank as part of a core team to set the bank. She was promoted to Assistant General Manager in 1994 and then to Deputy General Manager in 1996. In 1996, Kochhar headed the newly formed Infrastructure Industry Group of ICICI, which aimed "to create dedicated industry expertise in the areas of Power, Telecom and Transportation". In 1998, she was promoted as the general manager and headed ICICI's "Major Client Group", which handled relationships with ICICI's top 200 clients. In 1999, she also handled the Strategy and E-commerce divisions of ICICI. Under Kochhar's leadership, ICICI bank started the Retail business in July 2000 and emerged the largest retail financer in India, in the next five years. In April 2001, she took over as Executive Director, heading the in ICICI Bank.[3]It took her ten years to get promoted to AGM, but suddenly within seven years beginning 1994, she got five successive promotions to become Executive director.[6]2006present[edit]In April 2006, Kochhar was appointed as Deputy Managing Director of ICICI Bank. She managed the Corporate and Retail banking business of ICICI Bank. From October 2006 to October 2007, she handled the International and Corporate businesses of ICICI Bank. From October 2007 to April 2009, Kochhar was also the bank's chief financial officer (CFO), Joint managing director (JMD) and the official spokesperson. She also headed the Corporate Centre of ICICI Bank.[3][7]She is also a director of different ICICI group companies. She is the chairperson of ICICI Bank Eurasia Limited Liability Company and ICICI Investment Management Company Limited. Kochhar is the Vice-Chairperson of ICICI Bank UK PLC andICICI Bank Canada. She is a director in ICICI International Limited and ICICI Prudential Life Insurance Company Ltd. and part of the Governing Council in 1964. The ICICI Foundation for Inclusive Growth-Member.[8]Kochhar is CEO and MD of ICICI Bank from May 2009 for a period of five years. She succeedsK. V. Kamath, who was CEO of the bank since 1996.[2][9]Recognition[edit]Under Kochhar's leadership, ICICI Bank won the "Best Retail Bank in India" award in 2001, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and "Excellence in Retail Banking Award" in 2002; both awards were given byThe Asian Banker. Kochhar personally was awarded "Retail Banker of the Year 2004 (Asia-Pacific region)" by theAsian Banker, "Business Woman of the Year 2005" byThe Economic Timesand "Rising Star Award" for Global Awards 2006 byRetail Banker International. Kochhar has also consistently figured inFortune's list of "Most Powerful Women in Business" since 2005.[3]She climbed up the list debuting with the 47th position in 2005, moving up 10 spots to 37 in 2006 and then to 33 in 2007.[10][11]In the 2008 list, Kochhar features at the 25th spot.[12]In 2009, she debuted at number 20 in the Forbes "World's 100 Most Powerful Women list". She is the second Indian in the list behind theIndian National Congressparty chiefSonia Gandhiat number 13.[4]In 2010, she fell to number 92 in the Forbes list, but in 2011 bounced back to 43.[13][14]As of 2014, she ranks at #43.[15]Kochhar has also consistently figured inFortune's list of "Most Powerful Women in Business" since 2005. In 2009, she debuted at number 20 in theForbes"World's 100 Most Powerful Women list",[16]and climbed to the 10th spot in 2010.[17]In 2011, she featured inBusiness Today's list of the "Most Powerful Women Hall of Fame".[18]In 2011, she also featured in the"The 50 Most Influential People in Global Finance" ListofBloomberg Markets.[19]Chanda Kochhar was awarded with ASSOCHAM Ladies League Mumbai Women of the Decade Achievers Award on 2 January 2014.[20]Kochhar is honoured withPadma BhushanAward, the third highest civilian honour by the Government of India for the year 2010 for her services to banking sector.[21]Kochhar was also awarded the"ABLF Woman of Power Award (India)"in 2011 at the Asian Business Leadership Forum Awards.[22]Kochhar was ranked as the most powerful business woman in India in Forbes' list of 'The World's 100 Most Powerful Women 2013'.[23]Kochhar was also featured in the Power List 2013 of 25 most powerful women in India by India Today, for the third year in a row.[24]Kochhar was selected in Time mKiran Mazumdar-Shaw(born 23 March 1953) is anIndianentrepreneur. She is the chairman and managing director ofBioconLimited, a biotechnology company based inBangalore(Bengaluru), India[4]and the current chairperson of IIM-Bangalore.[5]In 2014, she was awarded theOthmer Gold Medal, for outstanding contributions to the progress of science and chemistry.[6][7][8][9][10]She is on theFinancial Times top 50 women in business list.[11]As of 2014, she is listed as the 92nd most powerful woman in the world byForbes.[1]Contents[hide] 1Early life and education 2Biocon 2.1Beginning with enzymes 2.2Expanding into biopharmaceuticals 2.3Establishing independence 2.4Affordable innovation 3Philanthropic activities 3.1Health 3.1.1Arogya Raksha Yojana 3.1.2Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer Center 3.2Education 3.3Infrastructure 4Board memberships 5Awards and honours 5.1International awards 5.2Indian awards 5.3Honorary degrees 6References 7External linksEarly life and education[edit]Kiran Mazumdar was born toGujaratiparents inBangalore, India.[12]She went to school at BangaloresBishop Cotton Girl's High School, graduating in 1968. She then attendedMount Carmel College, Bangalore, a women's college offering pre-university courses as an affiliate of Bangalore University. She studied biology and zoology, graduating fromBangalore Universitywith a B.Sc. in Zoology in 1973.[13][14][15]Mazumdar hoped to go to medical school, but did not obtain a scholarship.[16]Her father, Rasendra Mazumdar, was the head brewmaster atUnited Breweries. He suggested that Kiran studyfermentationscience, and train to be a brewmaster, a very nontraditional field for a woman.[16]Mazumdar went toFederation Universityin Australia to study Malting and Brewing. In 1974 she was the only woman enrolled in the brewing course, and the top of her class.[17]She earned the degree of Master Brewer in 1975.[2][14][17]She worked as a trainee brewer in Carlton and United Breweries, Melbourne and as a trainee maltster at Barrett Brothers and Burston, Australia. She also worked for some time as a technical consultant at Jupiter Breweries Limited, Calcutta and as a technical manager at Standard Maltings Corporation, Baroda between 1975 and 1977.[14][18]However, when she investigated the possibility of further work in Bangalore or Delhi, she was told that she would not be hired as a master brewer in India because "It's a man's work."[19]:152153[20]She began to look abroad, and was offered a position in Scotland.[19]:154[21]:108Biocon[edit]External video

"I managed to do things with a lot of common sense, a lot of determination, and a lot of foolish courage", Women in Chemistry,Chemical Heritage Foundation

"We started first opportunistically developing enzymes but then later on we looked at industry needs and industry opportunities and then we started strategizing", History Live,Chemical Heritage Foundation

Before Kiran could move, she metLeslie Auchincloss, founder of Biocon Biochemicals Limited, of Cork, Ireland. Auchincloss's company produced enzymes for use in the brewing, food-packaging and textile industries. Auchincloss was looking for an Indian entrepreneur to help establish an Indian subsidiary.[19]:154Mazumdar agreed to undertake the job on the condition that if she did not wish to continue after six months she would be guaranteed a brewmaster's position comparable to the one she was giving up.[21]:108Beginning with enzymes[edit]After a brief period as a Trainee Manager at Biocon Biochemicals Limited, of Cork, Ireland, to learn more about the business, Kiran Mazumdar returned to India.[21]:109She started Biocon India in 1978 in the garage of her rented house in Bangalore with a seed capital of Rs. 10,000.[22]Although it was a joint venture, Indian laws restricted foreign ownership to 30% of the company. The remaining 70% belonged to Kiran Mazumdar.[23]Initially, she faced credibility challenges because of her youth, gender and her untested business model. Funding was a problem: no bank wanted to lend to her, and some requested that her father be a guarantor. A chance meeting with a banker at a social event finally enabled her to get her first financial backing.[19]:156[20]:104[21]:109She also found it difficult to recruit people to work for her start-up. Her first employee was a retired garage mechanic.[16]Her first factory was in a nearby 3,000-square-foot shed.[19]:154The most complicated piece of equipment in her lab at that time was aspectrophotometer.[24]As well, she faced the technological challenges associated with trying to build a biotech business in a country with a shaky infrastructure.[19]:156[20]:114Uninterrupted power, superior quality water, sterile labs, imported research equipment, and workers with advanced scientific skills were not easily available in India at the time.[25]The company's initial projects were the extraction ofpapain(an enzyme from papaya used to tenderize meat) andisinglass(obtained from tropical catfish and used to clarify beer).[20]:104Within a year of its inception, Biocon India was able to manufacture enzymes and to export them to the United States and Europe, the first Indian company to do so.[19]:156At the end of her first year, Kiran Mazumdar used her earnings to buy a 20-acre property, dreaming of future expansion.[16]Expanding into biopharmaceuticals[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw spearheaded Biocon's evolution from an industrial enzymes manufacturing company to a fully integrated bio-pharmaceutical company with a well-balanced business portfolio of products and a research focus on diabetes, oncology and auto-immune diseases.[26][27]She also established two subsidiaries: Syngene (1994) which provides early research and development support services on a contract basis and Clinigene (2000) which focuses on clinical research trials and the development of both generic and new medicines.[18][19]:158[20]:106[21]:111[28]:211212Mazumdar-Shaw is responsible for establishing Biocon's direction. As early as 1984, she began to develop a research and development team at Biocon, focusing on discovery of novel enzymes and on development of novel techniques for solid substrate fermentation technology.[29]:3031The company's first major expansion came in 1987, whenNarayanan VaghulofICICI Ventures(Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India) supported creation of a venture capital fund of US$250,000.[21]:113The money enabled Biocon to expand its research and development efforts. They built a new plant featuring proprietary solid substrate fermentation technology based on a semi-automated tray culture process, inspired by Japanese techniques.[19]:156[21]:110[29]In 1989, Biocon became the first Indian biotech company to receive US funding for proprietary technologies.[19]:158In 1990, Kiran Mazumdar incorporated Biocon Biopharmaceuticals Private Limited (BBLP) to manufacture and market a select range of biotherapeutics in a joint venture with the CubanCenter of Molecular Immunology.[19]:158Establishing independence[edit]Biocon Biochemicals of Ireland was acquired from Leslie Auchincloss byUnileverin 1989.[30]:50The partnership with Unilever helped Biocon to establish global best practises and quality systems.[24]In 1997, Unilever sold its specialty chemicals division, including Biocon, toImperial Chemical Industries(ICI).[23]In 1998, Kiran Mazumdar's fiance, Scotsman John Shaw, personally raised $2 million to purchase the outstanding Biocon shares from ICI.[21]:106[31]The couple married in 1998, whereupon she became known as Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw. John Shaw left his position as chairman at Madura Coats to join Biocon.[32]He became Biocons vice chairman in 2001.[16]In 2004, after seeking the advice ofNarayana Murthy, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw decided to list Biocon on the stock market.[21]:114Her intent was to raise capital to further develop Biocon's research programs. Biocon was the first biotechnology company in India to issue an IPO.[19]:159Biocon's IPO was oversubscribed 33 times and its first day at the bourses closed with a market value of $1.11 billion,[19]:159making Biocon only the second Indian company to cross the $1-billion mark on the first day of listing.[33]Affordable innovation[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw's belief in "affordable innovation" has been a driving philosophy behind Biocon's expansion. Inspired by the need for affordable drugs in less-wealthy countries, she has looked for opportunities to develop cost-effective techniques and lower-cost alternatives.[33][34]She has also proposed that drug companies be cost-sensitive in marketing to developing countries, so that people can afford the drugs they need, particularly chronic therapies.[19][34]Mazumdar-Shaw noticed the market potential forstatins(cholesterol fighting drugs) early on. When the patent of the cholesterol-lowering druglovastatinexpired in 2001, Biocon got involved in its development. Then they expanded to other forms of statins. Part of her strategy was to enter into long-term supply contracts, establishing a dependable market base over time. Statins soon accounted for over 50 per cent of the company's revenue.[12]The companys revenue went up from Rs. 70 crore in 1998, to Rs. 500 crore in 2004 when it went public.[33]Biocon continues to expand into new areas.Yeast expression platformsoffer a desirable alternative to mammaliancell culturesfor the genetic manipulation of cells for use in a variety of drug treatments. Unicellular methylotrophic yeasts such asPichia pastorisare used in the production ofvaccines,antibody fragments,hormones,cytokines, matrix proteins, andbiosimilars.[35]Biocon's major areas of research now includecancer,diabetes, and otherauto-immune diseasessuch asrheumatoid arthritisandpsoriasis.[21][36]Because of the high percentage of people in India who chew betel or tobacco, India accounts for eighty-six per cent of oral cancer in the world, known locally as "cancer cheek".[37][38]Diabetes is prevalent, and people who do not wear shoes are at risk to have a minor scrape or injury develop intogangrene, or "diabetes foot".[37][38]Biocon is also working on drugs to treatvitiligo, a skin pigment disease which can result in social ostracization.[37]Treatments developed include Pichia-derived recombinant humaninsulinand insulin analogs for diabetes, an Anti-EGFRmonoclonal antibodyfor head and neck cancer, and abiologicfor psoriasis.[34]Biocon is Asia's largest insulin producer,[39]and has the largest perfusion-based antibody production facilities.[40]As of 2011, Biocon directed about 8% of its revenue back into research and development, a much higher proportion than most Indian pharmacological companies.[41]Biocon has filed at least 950 patent applications as a result of its research activity.[41]Mazumdar-Shaw has actively engaged in acquisitions, partnerships and in-licensing within the pharmaceuticals and bio-pharmaceutical area, entering into more than 2,200 high-value R&D licensing and other deals between 2005 and 2010.[33]Philanthropic activities[edit]In 2004, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw started a corporate social responsibility wing at Biocon, the Biocon Foundation. The Foundation focuses on the areas of health, education and infrastructure, especially in rural areas ofKarnatakawhich lack healthcare facilities.[33]Mazumdar-Shaw dislikes the term "philanthropy", believing that it often provides temporary fixes rather than changing underlying conditions.[37]She prefers the term "compassionate capitalist", believing that properly applied business models can provide an ongoing foundation for sustainable social progress. "Innovation and commerce are as powerful tools for creating social progress as they are for driving technological advancement... when they are put to use for social progress, the implementation is a lot cheaper, a lot more people benefit, and the effect is more lasting."[42]Health[edit]India does not have organized health care programs such as socialised medicine or government-backed health insurance.[42]Rural areas may have only one doctor for every two thousand people: it is estimated that 70 million people do not have the money to pay for a doctor's visit or for medicine.[43]The Biocon Foundation is involved in numerous health and education outreach programs to benefit the economically weaker sections of Indian society.[33]Arogya Raksha Yojana[edit]With Dr.Devi Shettyof Narayana Hrudayalaya Hospital, Mazumdar-Shaw has supported the development ofArogya Raksha Yojana(Disease Protection Program/Health Help).[20]Through this program Biocon Foundation establishes clinics to offer clinical care, generic medicines and basic tests for those who cannot afford them.[42][44]As of 2010, seven clinics each served a population of 50,000 patients living within a radius of 10km, treating in total more than 300,000 people per year.[18]Clinics organize regular general health checks in remote villages by bringing in physicians and doctors from network hospitals. To improve early detection of cancer, they have trained young women as community health workers, using smart phones to send photographs of suspicious lesions to oncologists at the cancer center.[38][45]Public health campaigns such as "Queen of Heart" educate people about specific health issues and promote early detection of problems such as cardiovascular disease.[46]The clinics operate on a model of micro-financed health insurance.[20]Biocon provides low-cost drugs, making a negligible profit on a unit basis, but an overall profit on volume due to the participation of large numbers of people.[43]Clinics also use a "subsidised convenience" pricing plan, under which more wealthy patrons pay full price in return for the convenience of scheduling their visits and procedures at desirable times, while poorer patients can obtain cheap or even free services by choosing less desirable times.[42]Doctors and researchers look for opportunities to use cutting-edge technology in ways that will drive down costs and ensure quality of service.[43]Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer Center[edit]The death of her best friend, Nilima Rovshen, and the illnesses of her husband and her mother from cancer, have motivated Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw to strongly support cancer research and treatment.[3]In 2009, she established a 1,400-bed cancer care center, the Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer Center, at the Narayana Health City campus in Bangalore, collaborating with Dr. Devi Shetty ofNarayana Hrudayalaya.[47]In 2011, she added a center for advanced therapeutics with a bone marrow transplant unit and a research center.[48]Her goal is to create a world-class cancer center.[37][38]Education[edit]In collaboration with collaboration with Mcmillan India Limited and teacher Prathima Rao, Mazumdar-Shaw has supported development and use of a basic mathematics textbook, introduced in Kannada schools in 2006.[21]:117[49]She funded a multi-year research program by creating the Biocon Cell for Innovation Management with Dr.Prasad Kaipaat theIndian School of Businessin 2009.[50][51]Infrastructure[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw speaks openly about the importance of improving India's infrastructure,[20]:112[52]emphasizing the need to address issues such as efficient governance, job creation, and food, water, and health insecurity.[53]In Bangalore itself, Biocon,Infosysand other companies have had a significant impact on the city. These companies attract many scientists who would otherwise go overseas. Once a "pensioner's paradise", Bangalore is now called "the best urban working environment in India".[54]Biocon Park, built in 2005 not far from Mazumdar-Shaw's original office, is a ninety-acre campus with five thousand employees.[37]Outside the developed areas, however, there is still severe poverty.[37]Mazumdar-Shaw is an energetic proponent of good government and infrastructure. She supported theBangalore Agenda Task Force, an initiative ofS. M. KrishnaandNandan Nilekanito improve the city's infrastructure and standard of living.[54][55]Mazumdar-Shaw is part of the Bangalore City Connect Foundation, a non-profit trust for discussion of civic issues, involving both urban stakeholders and the government. Mazumdar-Shaw is actively engaged in urban reform, partnering with Jana Urban Space Foundation and local government to improve roads.[55]She is also involved in the Bangalore Political Action Committee (BPAC), which reviews and recommends candidates running in elections.[56][57]After the 2009 flood, Biocon,InfosysandWiproall committed to rebuilding homes for flood victims in north Karnataka. Biocon committed to building 3,000 houses at a cost of Rs 30 crore.[58][59]Board memberships[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw is a member of the board of governors of the prestigiousIndian School of Business[60]and a past member of the Board of Governors of theIndian Institute of Technology Hyderabad.[61]As of February 2014, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw became the first woman to head the Board of Governors of theIndian Institute of Management Bangalore(IIMB).[62][63][64]Awards and honours[edit]

Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw with the Othmer Gold Medal, 2014As of 2010, Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw was named amongTIME magazines 100 most influential people in the world.[65]She is on the 2011Financial Times top 50 women in business list.[11]As of 2014, she is listed as the 92nd most powerful woman in the world byForbes.[1]International awards[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw is the recipient of several prestigious international awards including theOthmer Gold Medal(2014) for outstanding contributions to the progress of science and chemistry,[6]theNikkei Asia Prize(2009) for Regional Growth,[66][67][68]the Veuve Clicquot Initiative For Economic Development For Asia' Award (2007),[69]Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Awardfor Life Sciences & Healthcare (2002),[70]and 'Technology Pioneer' recognition byWorld Economic Forum(2002). On 05/05/2015 Federation University Australia (Formerly known as University of Ballarat) named a road in Mt Helen campus as Mazumdar Drive . Kiran and Shaw together attended the opening function and cut the rippon.[71]Indian awards[edit]Her pioneering work in the biotechnology sector has earned her numerous national awards, including the prestigious Padma Shri (1989) and the Padma Bhushan (2005) from the government of India.[41][71]She was given theEconomic Times Awardfor 'Businesswoman of the Year' in 2004.[72]At the Pharmaleaders Pharmaceutical Leadership Summit she was named "Global Indian Woman of the Year" (2012);[73][74]she also received the Express Pharmaceutical Leadership Summit Award for "Dynamic Entrepreneur" in 2009.[41]The Indian Merchants' Chamber Diamond Jubilee Endowment Trust's Eminent Businessperson of the Year Award was presented to Kiran Mazumdar-Shaw in 2006 by theGovernor of Maharashtra,S. M. Krishna.[75]She also has received the Indian Chamber of Commerce Lifetime Achievement Award (2005),[76]the 'Corporate Leadership Award' by the American India Foundation (2005).[77][78]and theKarnataka Rajyotsava Award(2002).[41][79]Honorary degrees[edit]Mazumdar-Shaw received an honorary Doctorate of Science in 2004, from her alma mater, Ballarat University, in recognition of her contributions to biotechnology.[17]She has also been awarded honorary doctorates from theUniversity of Abertay, Dundee, UK (2007),[80]theUniversity of Glasgow, UK (2008),Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK (2008) andUniversity College Cork, Ireland (2012).[81]She received an honorary doctorate fromDavangere University, India, at its first convocation, 27 July 2013, in recognition of her contribution in the field of Biotechnology.[82]