"If"

by Rudyard Kipling

Unit Log

Created by Inna Bilik

Pre-reading

1. Brainstorming the themeWrite as many words as you can that you associate with the word “adult”:

adult

2. Asking a thought-provoking questionAnswer the following questions:a) What is the difference between childish behavior and adult behavior?

______________________________________________________________b) Can a child (a teenager) behave like an adult?

______________________________________________________________c) And can adult sometimes behave like a child?

______________________________________________________________

3. IntroductionYou are going to read the poem “If” , written by a great British writer and poet, Rudyard Kipling. Everybody knows his “Jungle Book”, where he describes the life of the child, Mowgli, among wild animals. But today we’ll read his poem. The poem is written in 1896 and was published in 1910 and for more than 100 years has served as an advice for the next generation.The poem is dedicated to Kipling’s friend, Dr. Leander Starr Jameson, the prime minister of the British colony in South Africa. And, in my mind, it is still relevant nowadays.

4. Vocabulary ExercisesExercise AMatch the words in A with their definitions in B A B1. doubt __ a) people who lie to you 2. twist __ b) keep doing something, go on3. foes __ c) good deals, good behavior4. knaves __ d) don’t believe in someone’s opinion5. force __ e) a device for catching somebody or something.6. tools __ f) turn around7. trap __ g) not friends8. hold on __ h) instruments9. virtue __ i) to make somebody do something

Exercise BComplete the sentences with the words and expressions from the box. Make any changes if needed.

common touch pitch-and-toss stoop can bear heap count sinew worth

1. I know the old children’s game, called _______________________.2. He became a famous person, but has never lost the ___________________ with the

crowd. 3. I _________________ everything, except lies.4. The coin fell down and I __________________ to pick it up.5. Today the _____________ of one dollar is 70 rubles.6. They put all the toys in one big ___________________.7. Yesterday I ran a lot and today my _________________ hurt me.8. He listens to what I advise him. He _____________________ with me.

"If," by Rudyard KiplingIf you can keep your head when all about youAre losing theirs and blaming it on you;If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,But make allowance for their doubting too;If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,Or being lied about, don't deal in lies,Or being hated, don't give way to hating,And yet don't look too good, nor talk too wise;

If you can dream—and not make dreams your master;If you can think—and not make thoughts your aim;If you can meet with triumph and disasterAnd treat those two imposters just the same;If you can bear to hear the truth you've spokenTwisted by knaves to make a trap for fools,Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,And stoop and build 'em up with worn-out tools;

If you can make one heap of all your winningsAnd risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,And lose, and start again at your beginningsAnd never breath a word about your loss;If you can force your heart and nerve and sinewTo serve your turn long after they are gone,And so hold on when there is nothing in youExcept the Will which says to them: "Hold on";

If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,Or walk with Kings—nor lose the common touch;If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you;If all men count with you, but none too much;If you can fill the unforgiving minuteWith sixty seconds' worth of distance run,Yours is the Earth and everything that's in it,And—which is more—you'll be a Man my son!

Glossary of low-frequency words:

Knave – רמאי, שקרן

Pitch-and-toss – משחק ילדים בו זורקים מטבעות לעבר הקיר והקרוב ביותר לקיר זוכה בהם

Basic Understanding

1. Complete the sentences in your own words, according to the poem:

If everybody panics, you should (stanza 1)

When people don’t believe in you, you are advised to (stanza 1)You should relate to wins and defeats (stanza 2)Knaves may (stanza 2)

If you lose everything, you should (stanza 3)

If you socialize with the elite, don’t forget (stanza 4)

2. Word Puzzlea. Find the high frequency words from the poem, definitions of which are written

below:

T G U T D M M E C H S Y Z M N

T H W R L K N C K N L I A A J

N D O I Z Q O N W O U S N Q R

C S Z U H T R A E B T Y T E V

J A B M G X W W F E L B T I W

N A F P L H X O R Z U S S G A

O C R H N W T L Y O A H U T G

E U T R I V R L D S E T R R U

S T O O P W P A I L L M T I Z

Y D J Q I Q G D C P O I A Q H

S T I S I K Q H O A S O O L E

U Q E K X A Y U U F X D T W B

G G Y E G R N W N L P L X D K

I M P O S T E R T N R F C V V

Q L J F P P F H L I L Q K O J

allowance

bear

blame

count

disaster

doubt

foe

imposter

master

sinew

stoop

thought

tool

triumph

trust

virtue

wise

b. Write at least 6 sentences using the words from exercise a.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. LOTSAnswer the following questions:

a. According to stanza 1, what should you do when people doubt you?_________________________________________________________________

b. According to stanza 2, who may twist the truth?_________________________________________________________________

c. According to stanza 3, what should you do after your heart, nerve and sinews are gone?_________________________________________________________________

d. According to stanza 4, with what should you fill an unforgiving minute?_________________________________________________________________

e. According to the poem, what will happen if you follow all the conditions listed in it?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

HOTS questions

Explaining PatternsWriters frequently use the same word/phrase/structure repeatedly in order to emphasize their message in the poem or story. This repetition is called a pattern. There are different kinds of patterns we can identify in a poem:

1. Word repetition2. Phonetics3. Rhyme4. Rhythm5. Structure

Look for an example, on the following tongue twister:

In this text, the word “why” is repeated several times. Also, the phonetic sound [w] is heard over and over again. All these create an atmosphere of a crying baby, who cries for no reason and nobody can stop him. You can also feel a rhythm – because the word “why” is stressed. And if you look at the structure of the poem, you see the lines are becoming shorter and shorter – as if the parent is becoming more and more annoyed.

In this tongue twister, there is also the rhyme why-cry. A rhyme is two words that make a pattern of sounds, usually due to its similar ending.

Write rhymes to the next words:

Bee-Tree

Far-____

Fly-_____

Go-______

Now, try to make a small song out of the rhymes you’ve created:

When a bee

Sits on a tree,

It will ____

To the ____.

In order to find the rhyme scheme, we name the last word in the first line as A. Then, we name all the last words in the lines that rhyme with it as A. Then we go to the next unnamed last word and name it B, and so on.

For example – the rhyme scheme in the poem you completed above is AABB.

Now let’s go back to the poem “If”:

1) Word repeata. Which word is repeated in all stanzas?

_____________________________________________b. What feeling does it give you?

_____________________________________________2) Rhyme

a. Look at the second stanza. What is the rhyme scheme in it?______________________________________________

b. Look at the other stanzas. Do they have the same scheme?______________________________________________

c. Why do you thing the author chose to use this scheme?______________________________________________

3) Rhythma. Listen to the reading of the poem in the next link. Pay attention to the rise and

fall of the voice of the narrator:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUQPHkYLayM

b. Which of the drawings, you think, represents better the rhythm of the poem? Explain your choice:

____________________________________________________________

c. Which lines go up and which go down in voice?___________________________________________________________

d. In your opinion, why do you think the author used this pattern?___________________________________________________________

4) Structurea. How many lines are in each stanza? _________________b. Is the length of the lines the same? _________________

5) How do these repetitions (of the word “if”, the stanza’s structure, the rhyme scheme and the rhythm) contribute to our understanding of the message of the poem? ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible answer: the repetitions are to stress the everyday need to continue applying to all the conditions in order to be a responsible adult. It is not enough to do it once. You have to continue doing it all your life. And only by doing so you will become a man. And you always continue to grow up – it’s a journey that never ends. That is why the author uses the verb “to be” a man in the last sentence. It is continuous. And also this is why he uses verbs like “keep”, “hold on”, “bear” etc.

More HOTS questions

6) How are the first and last stanzas of the poem alike and how are they different of each other? Use “Compare and Contrast” thinking skill.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible answer: Both stanzas have the same number of lines and the same rhyme scheme. They both start by the author giving conditions on how to become a responsible adult. However, the in the last stanza, the author “closes the circle” of conditions and presents what would be the consequence of applying all of them. In order to stress this, the rhythm of the poem changes in the two last lines and goes down.

7) “If you can fill the unforgiving minute with sixty seconds’ worth of distance run” (Stanza 4) – What message do you think the author tries to pass in this line? Do you relate to this message? Give an example from your own life in which you applied or should have applied this message.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Possible answer: The author stresses that time flies. If you don’t use it properly, you will lose it. Also, he reminds that everyone has the same amount of time. Once one is well organized and determined to achieve your goals, one can have enough time to do everything he wants. For example, when I didn’t prepare for my Bagrut exams and went to swim in the sea, I failed them. But when I started studying according to a schedule I organized, I did better.

8) What do you think was the goal of the author by writing the word “Man” with a capital letter? Justify your answer by giving quotes from the poem. Use the “Uncovering Motives” skill.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible Answer: I think it was important for the author to stress this word by writing it with a capital letter because he wanted to say that these conditions, given in the poem, differ Homo sapiens from other animals and a child from an adult. Only a man is expected to be responsible for his deeds. For example, a person can “force his heart and nerve and sinew to serve your turn long after they are gone” (Stanza 3) but a child or an animal would probably stop because they are leaded by their emotions.

9) Speculate, what other conditions would you suggest for being a Man? Why did you decide to mention them? Hypothesize on how would you think they would affect the society? Try to write the conditions in the form of the conditions in the poem.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Possible answer: I would also suggest that a person should help others, mainly the poor, the disabled and the elderly. I think that it is possible to relate to the commandments of “Honor thy father and thy mother” and “You shalt not covet thy neighbor’s house” that I think are very important because this is what makes a makes a man to a Man and creates a healthy and more cohesive society where nobody is left out and its identity continues.

“if you honor your mom and dad, and call them every day,If you are happy with the belongings of your friend,And you don’t get jealous by them,If you help others and not only yourself, You’ll become a Man and the Society”

Learning Literary Terms

There are different terms in literature that you will meet, like metaphor, oxymoron, antonyms etc. In this poem, we will focus on idioms.

IdiomsIn the poem “If” there are many idioms. An idiom is a combination of words that you cannot understand from the meaning of each word. You have to learn it as a whole. Using idioms makes your language more attractive.For example: The name doesn’t ring a bell; You talk behind my back; My hands are tied.

a) Match the idiom in A to its meaning in B

A B

Get on your nerves Have second thoughts about something

Melt your heart Agree about something

Doubting Thomas Get crazy

Behind your back Be irritating

Going bananas Get out of a difficult situation

See eye to eye Feet emotional about something

Land on your feet Secretly say unkind things

Choose the right meaning of the idiom from the poem:

a. Keep your headI. Make sure your head is safe

II. Stay calmIII. Bet on your head in a game and win

b. Lose your headI. Forget where you left your head

II. Get into panicIII. Being sentenced to decapitation

c. Make allowanceI. Let someone do something

II. Create pocket-money given by parents to their kidsIII. Design a new kind of bonus in a pay-check

d. Give wayI. Allow something to happen, step aside

II. Name a road after someoneIII. Sell a street to someone

e. Twist the truthI. Present the situation differently than the reality

II. Dance to the song “The Truth”III. Take the truth in your hands and turn it to different directions

f. Hold onI. Keep doing something

II. Press on the button “ON”III. Grab something

g. Count with someone

I. Try to define the number of some items together with a friendII. A noble man with a partner

III. Believing someone’s advice should be taken into consideration

Bridging Text and Context

The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century was associated with European imperialism in Africa. European countries – France, Britain, the Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal etc. – fought to expand their influence in the world by and occupying territories in Africa.

The colonies of those countries throughout the world brought wealth to the European empires, but also created political tensions between them.

From time to time, in different parts of the world wars between the empires erupted. One of them was the Anglo-Boer war in today South Africa. The Boers were Dutch villagers who occupied some lands and gold mines in the British colony.

In 1895, the British colony decided to overthrow the Boer government in Transvaal in what was called the Jameson Raid, after its honorable leader Leander Starr Jameson. The raid failed and its leaders were sent to prison. Jameson, who took the blame for the failed raid, was criticized by the English public. Later, he was pardoned and released from jail.

The raid led to the Anglo-Boer war in the region (1899-1902), which the British army won. In 1904, Jameson became the Prime Minister of the Cape colony.

Leander Starr Jameson was a friend of Rudyard Kipling. Kipling wrote in his autobiography that the poem “If” was “drawn from Jameson’s character”.

Question: What is the connection between what you have just read to the poem and its message?

Answer:

The poem "If-" contains different characteristics that the writer sees as essential to the ideal man. In particular, a man must be humble, patient, rational, truthful, dependable, and persevering. His behavior stands against tragic events and cruel men. It is not so important what are the outside events, whether you win or lose, whether you are beloved or hated – as long as you acts honorably. For example, Jameson, who used to “walk with kings” and met “with Triumph” but then knew disasters but continued to act as a gentleman: had faith in himself when “all men” doubted him, he dealt with times when his words were “twisted by knaves”, felt when his “loving friends” left him, withstand lies and hatred from others. Jameson knew to take responsibility after the failed raid, was set on trial but his character didn’t break and allowed him to overcome these events and eventually gave him strength to come to top again. For Kipling, the true measure of a man is his humility and his preserve manners.

Another Possible Bridging Question

Read the following information and answer the question below:

Michael Utley was a famous football player. In 1991, during a match, he fell and hurt his back. While he was taken off the pitch, he raised his thumbs up to the crowd as a symbol that everything would be alright. Later, he found himself paralyzed and had to use a wheelchair for the rest of his life.

One month after his injury, he started the “Mike Utley Foundation” with “Thumbs Up!” as its slogan. The foundation has helped people with disabilities.

Question:

How does this information connect with the poem “If”?

Sample Response:

Mike was a successful football player. He met “with Triumph” and walked “with kings”, but one day he experienced “Disaster”. Mike “kept his head” and trusted himself when others doubted him and found the strength to build him up. Even though his “nerve and sinew” literally were gone, he managed to “Hold on”. For many people his diagnose would sound as a verdict. But not for Mike. He fought for a normal life and for helping others and, thereby, “filled the unforgiving minute with sixty second worth of distance run” – that is, giving aid to people with the same problem as he had. Mike showed on his own example how a true “Man” should act like.

Post Reading Activity

http://www.classtools.net/FB/home-page

Choose one of the following assignments:

1. With your partner, choose a famous character which went/is going through hard times (For example: Michael Schumacher, Mickey Rourke, Eyal Golan, or Christopher Reeve). Write an interview with the character. Then, create an enactment of the interview in the class. Add the written script and pictures from the show.

2. Imagine your friend lost a decent amount of money and was put into prison. He is in deep depression. Write a letter of advice and encouragement that will help him to get out of this hard situation.

3. Imagine that you compete for the role of the Prime Minister of Israel. Create a Fakebook page, in which you explain your platform, write slogans, show your good ways with the public and add responses of others. Add relevant pictures with captions, if needed, and comments and posts.

Summative Assessment (Module D)

LOTS QuestionsQuestion 1: complete the sentence In the poem “If”, Kipling is urging the reader not deal in _________

i) Liesii) Gamblingiii) Prejudiceiv) Politics

(9 points)Question 2:What are the two “imposters” Kipling mentioned in the poem?_________________________________________________________________

(9 points)Question 3:How does Kipling believe you should treat the two “imposters”?__________________________________________________________________

(9 points)Question 4:According to Kipling, what should a person do if he lost all his winnings?__________________________________________________________________

(9 points)

Question 5:According to the poem, what will happen if you follow all the conditions?_____________________________________________________________________

(9 points)

HOTS QuestionsQuestion 6:Explain why the word “if” is repeated in the poem? Support your answer with information from the poem._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(12 points)Question 7:“Except the Will which says to them: ‘Hold on!’”Explain why the poet wrote the word “will” with a capital letter, using the information from the poem? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(12 points)Question 8: What do you think the poet meant when he wrote, “Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it”? Support your answer with information from the poem.Thinking Skill: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

(16 points)Bridging text and contextQuestion 9: “Success is not final, failure is not fatal: it is the courage to continue that counts”

Winston Churchill

“Try not to become a man of success, but rather try to become a man of value”

Albert Einstein

Choose one of the quotes above. Make a connection between these quotes and the poem “If”.

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

(15 points)

Possible Answers:

1. i2. Triumph and Disaster3. You should treat them the same way4. Start again and not complain5. You will become a grown up man

6. The repetition of the word if implies that it is not simple to become a Man – you must follow many rules and fulfill many conditions for it. For example, you should not deal in lies, be patient, not lose the connection with the crowd etc.

7. The word is written with a capital letter because the poet wanted to infer that only the will of a man decides his further behavior, whether to give up or to hold on. It is one of the most important things in person’s character.

8. Thinking skill: InferringI can infer, that the poet meant that if you follow all the conditions, you will have all the potential in the world and all gates will be open for you to conquer the things you want. We can conclude you will know how to deal with every situation in life.

9. The first quote teaches us that the success or failure are not absolute things, and that is why they are pretty much “the same”, like the Triumph and disaster from the poem. The quote also implies that not the result of the events that is important, but rather the desire to continue – which is one of the main characteristics of a “Man” - like in the poem.

Unit Graphic Organizer (UGO)

Pouch for “If”

1. 10 commandments – good for pre-reading or bridging.

2. Discussing the video - “Latet” in Thailand (good for post reading or reflection)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7_uJcEsDEr0

3. Discussing the video - How to become a better person (good for post reading or reflection)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SX3C3GnvKVI

4. Discussing the picture – how to become an adult (good for pre-reading)

5. Bringing a toy crown and simulating how a student feels putting the crown on his head.

6. Bringing roulette, asking the class how will they feel if they had won a lot of money and put all of it on one number? How would they feel if they lost everything?

7. Discussing the picture - I want to be this person…

8. Discussing the video - Marathon runner – How to continue to act when having no power

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AZKbN3Mw2cs

9. Discussing the video - Pascal Berkovic – How to outdo yourself

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KpKL2cLBcUU

10. Discussing the story of Alfred Dreyfuss – not to be afraid to stand for your ideas

Another Assignment that is not connected to our log

Comparing and Contrasting the Two Units for Count That Day Lost

For each component, write at least one similarity and one difference between the three-point and four-point units for Count That Day Lost.

You may focus on: length, content, choice, language, complexity, activities, presentation, types of questions and more.

Describe the differences and similarities in the chart below. Pre-reading has been done for you. You can change it or add to it if you wish.

Component Similarities Differences CommentsPre-reading Both sets of

worksheets concentrate on the same theme of doing good deeds

More emphasis in the three-point worksheets on specific vocabulary (good deeds and count)Use of a video clip and emoticons in three-points instead of only verbal cues and a checklist in four points.

The three point worksheets are more visually oriented which is good for these students.

Basic Understanding Checking vocabulary knowledge, LOTS questions

3 pointers are using more visual exercises (flashcard games), words are already defined and some of them are in Hebrew. The multiple choice exercise for 4-points gives more possible answers. 4-points requires writing answers while 3-points only matching.

3 pointers are using more visual exercises (flashcard games), cognates.

Analysis – explicit HOTS

Both using video clips. Different HOTS taught. Order of teaching HOTS and literary terms.

Analysis – literary Both teaching 3-points teach only The 3-points part is

terms metaphor. one literary term. 4-points learn the difference between metaphor and simile.

more scaffolded while 4-points have to analyze on their own.

Analysis – application of the HOTS

Both have a part of application of HOTS to students’ lives.

In 3 points there is emphasis on expressing verbally, visually…

Analysis – other questions

Both require writing examples from the text. Both require using specific HOTS vocabulary in answers.

More questions in 4 points. Different HOTS.

One question is the same in both modules.

Bridging Text and Context

Same pictures given and the aim is the same in both (what is the connection...)

For 3-points the exercise is more scaffolded – the teacher explains the set and the idea. In 4-points the students must come to the conclusion on their own.

Post-reading One assignment is the same (#1). Emphasis on good deeds.

More choice in 3-points. 4-points assignments require more writing (not necessarily).

Summative Assessment

Both have LOTS and HOTS questions

Different amount of HOTS and LOTS questions, different grading, no extended HOTS question in 3-points, no bridging in 3-points.

Minimum writing in 3-points, very scaffolded.

Other: I feel that there is a huge gap between the level of 3 and 4 points. I would expect an intermediate level because it would be hard to move students from 3 to 4 points bagrut.

There was no mentioning of the amount of teaching hours to dedicate for each piece in 3 and 4 points classes.