English Sailing Prsesentation

8/3/2019 English Sailing Prsesentation

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SAILING

BY : Tampaki Eirini


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+Definition OfSailing

Sailing is the propulsion ofa boat and the control ofits

movement with largefoils called sails. By changing the

rigging, rudder, and sometimes the keel or center board, a

sailor manages theforce ofthe wind on the sails in order to

move the boat relative to its surrounding medium, andchange its direction and speed. Mastery ofthe skill requires

experience in varying wind and sea conditions, as well as,

knowledge concerning sailboats themselves.


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+History OfSailing

Throughout history ofsailing has been instrumental in the

development ofcivilization, affording mankind greater

mobility than travel over land whether for trade, transport or

warfare, and the capacity offishing. Advances in sailingtechnology from the Middle Ages onward enabled Arab,

Chinese, Indian and European explorers ta make larger

voyages into regions with extreme weather and climatic

conditions. From the 15th century onwards , European ships

went further north, stayed longer on the Grand banks and in

the GulfofSt Lawrence and eventually began to explore the

pacific northwest and the western arctic. Sailing has

contributed to great explorations in the world.


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+Sailboats &

Types OfSailboats

Description ofsailboat :

A sailboat is a propelled partly or entirely by sails. The term

covers a variety ofboats, larger than small vessels such assailboards and smaller than sailing ships, but distinctions in the

size are not. Strictly defined and what constitutes a sailing ship,

sailboat or a smaller vessel varies by region and culture.


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+ Types ofsailboats :

1.Sloop: Today the mast common

sailboat is the sloop, whichfeatures one mast and two sails: anormal mainsail and a headsail.This simple configuration is veryefficient for sailing towards thewind. The mainsail is attached tothe mast and the boom, which is aspar capable ofswinging acrossthe boat depending on directionofthe wind.Depending on thesize and design ofthe headsail itcan be called a jib, genoa orspinnaker; when sailing directlydownwind a commonconfiguration is to have theheadsail sailed to one side oftheboat and the main sail sailed tothe other. This configuration iscalled wing on wing.


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+ 2.Fractional rig sloop: On afractional rig sloop the

forestay does not run to the

ofthe mast, rather it connectsat same point below. This

allows the top ofthe mast to

be raked aft by increasing

the tension ofthe back stay

while arcing the middle of

the mast forward. This gives a

performance advantage in

some conditions by flattening

the sails.


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3. Cat boat: Cat boat has a single mast mounted fairly

forward and does not carry a jib. Most modern designshave only one sail, the mainsail however the traditional

cat boat could catty multiple sails from the gulfrig. The

designer ofthe catboat is Brian Husband, master sailor

oftheearly 1940s.


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+ 4. Laser:The Laser is one ofthe most popular single-handeddinghies in the world. As of2011, there are more than

250,000 boats worldwide. A commonly cited reason for its

popularity is that it is robust, simple to rig and sail. The Laseralso provides very competitive racing due to the very tight

class association controls which eliminate differences in hull,

sails and equipment.

The term "Laser" is often used to refer to the Laser Standard

(the largest ofthe sail plan rigs availablefor the Laser hull).

However there are two other sail plan rigs availablefor the

Laser Standard hull and a series ofother "Laser"-branded

boats which are ofa completely different hull designs.

Examples include the Laser 2 and Laser Pico. The Laser

Standard, Laser Radial and Laser 4.7 are three types of 'Laser'administered by the International Laser Class Association.


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+Race Signals

1. Postponement signal:The Answering

Pennant (AP) with or without a

numerical pennant is used to indicate a

postponed race. A numerical pennantbelow the AP denotes the time, in hours,

ofthe race postponement.


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3. Start signal:These signals are used in the pre-start

procedure. Class flags can be numeral pennants,

however they can be substituted to avoid confusion with

the postponement signals relating to a particular class.

2.Preperatory signal: These signal flags are used before a

race start and most commonly as part ofa start

sequence/procedure.


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5. Course change signal:

4. Recall signal: 6.Abandonment signal:


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English Sailing Prsesentation

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