ENGLISH GRADE 9

7 June – 11 June

GM 2018

GM 2020

Monday 7 June

Please do all work in your english workbook

NOUNS

What is a noun?

A noun is a part of speech that is used to name a person, place, thing, quality, or action.

Different types of nouns:

TYPE OF NOUN DENIFINITION

Common nouns Names things that are around us e.g. table, book, window

Proper nouns Name of a person, place or thing e.g. John, BMW, London

Collective nouns Describes a group of things or people as a unit e.g. herd, flock

Abstract nouns An idea, event, quality, or concept that cannot be perceived

through our senses e.g. freedom, love, courage, fear

Concrete nouns Name something recognizable through one of the senses (they

can be seen, heard, touched, smelt or tasted) e.g. house, dog

Compound nouns Two or more nouns combined to form a single noun e.g. sister-in-

law, schoolboy, fruit juice

Countable nouns Can occur as a singular or plural form. In plural, these nouns can

be used with a number - they can be counted e.g. 5 friends, 10

chairs, houses, boys

Uncountable nouns Can only be used in singular. They cannot be counted e.g. rice,

water, coffee

Singular nouns A noun that is only one item e.g. book, pencil, tree, car

Plural nouns A nouns that is many e.g.

books, pencils, trees, cars ( add s)

GM 020

Activity : Nouns

REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW AND UNDERLINE THE NOUNS AND STATE THE TYPE OF NOUN THAT HAS BEEN USED.

1. The man was trying to steal a horse with a cart full of apples. 2. William Shakespeare was a famous writer from England. 3. The troupe of dancers performed for the crowd of spectators. 4. She felt immense pride and joy when she won the competition. 5. My brother-in-law put the fish tank in the bathroom.

FINITE VERBS

VERBS AND ADVERBS VIDEO LESSON

A finite verb is a verb that can be used to make a complete

sentence. It can stand by itself as the main verb in a sentence.

A finite verb has a subject, tense and number.

A finite verb can be one word or it may be more than one word.

E.g. The girl (subject) rode (past tense verb) a (number) horse.

The boys (subject) ride (present tense verb) horses (number).

Activity: Finite Verbs

1. The teacher encouraged the learners to study for their test. 2. The students were asked to submit their assignment on Friday. 3. The doctor is attending to the sick patient. 4. The dog wagged its tail. 5. The children ran outside for break.

AUXILIARY VERBS

Auxiliary verb (helping verb):

These verbs help another verb, to make a complete sentence.

Examples: is, are, was, were, am, has, had, have, etc.

Activity : Auxiliary Verbs

1. I will go to Chicago after I ——————– finished my work here.

a) has b) have c) had

2. She ——————– playing the piano when I entered her

room. a) was b) is

c) has

3. The patient ——————- died before the doctor came.

a) has b) did c) had

4. —————— you ever been to

Kashmir? a) were b) have

c) had

ADVERBS

What are adverbs?

An adverb is a word that modifies verbs.

What are the different types of adverbs?

Most adverbs tell you how and when something is done. In other words, they describe the

manner or time of an action.

Here are some examples:

He speaks quietly - quietly is an adverb of manner – how?

We'll leave tomorrow - tomorrow is an adverb of time – when?

Adverb of manner:

An adverb of manner tells us how something is done or happens. Most adverbs of

manner end in –ly such as happily, sadly, slowly, quickly.

Adverb of time:

An adverb of time tells us when an action happened/happens e.g. yesterday, tomorrow,

now, later, two weeks ago.

GM 2020

Activity : Adverbs

REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW AND UNDERLINE THE ADVERB AND STATE THE TYPE OF ADVERB THAT HAS BEEN USED.

1. Today I must phone Sally to enquire about our homework. 2. Tim played the violin beautifully. 3. The group of friends went to watch the movie last week. 4. Sarah spoke softly because she was losing her voice. 5. James coughed loudly to attract her attention.

ADJECTIVES

What are adjectives?

An adjective is a word which modifies a noun or a pronoun.

Example: He has a beautiful car - beautiful is an adjective, which modifies the noun

car (it gives more information about the noun car.)

Adjectives may come before a noun:

Example: He found a brown (adjective) cat (noun).

Adjectives may also come after certain verbs:

Example:

Johnny (noun) is intelligent (adjective).

The garden lights (noun) are beautiful (adjective).

DEGREES OF COMPARISON

Adjectives can be used for comparison:

Comparative: New York is bigger than Paris. (compares 2 things)

Superlative: This is the strongest student in the class. (compares more than 2 things)

GM 2020

Activity : Adjectives

REWRITE THE SENTENCES BELOW AND UNDERLINE THE ADJECTIVES.

1. It was a long, boring wait until I was finally called in for the interview.

2. The arrogant man behind the brown desk asked me several questions. 3. His questions were difficult, but I answered them with ease. 4. I was nervous during my interview. 5. I shook his strong, powerful hand and left the room.

Tuesday 8 June

CLAUSES

What is a clause?

A clause is a group of words that consists of a subject and a predicate. There are

two major types of clauses:

Independent clauses

Dependent clauses

Clauses can be classified as:

1. The main clause/independent clause:

Has a subject and predicate. GM 2020

This is the main idea of the sentence.

It is able to stand on its own and make complete sense.

Example: The van came to a halt after it had run out of petrol.

2. The subordinate clause/dependent clause:

This part of the sentence always has a verb, but cannot stand alone in a

sentence. It depends on the main clause for its meaning.

A comma often separates the main clause from the subordinate clause.

Look at some examples of subordinate conjunctions: after, before, as, because, that,

if, when, whenever, where, whereas, although, whether, until, while, once, since, than,

unless, why, however.

Example: While it was moving, the man jumped out of the car.

Activity : Clauses

REWRITE AND UNDERLINE THE MAIN CLAUSE IN EACH SENTENCE BELOW:

1. I went to the mall, but forgot to buy the vegetables. 2. I planted flowers because I liked them. 3. When I picked up the flower, a bee stung me. 4. My mom will take us to the park if we are good. 5. Since my mom is having a nap, my dad is reading a book.

ADJECTIVAL CLAUSES

What is an adjective clause?

An adjective clause (also called an adjectival clause) is a dependent clause which modifies

a noun and usually begins with a relative pronoun which, that, who, whom, whose. In an

adjectival clause sentence, the introductory word serves as the subject.

Examples:

Students who work hard get good grades.

The adjective clause who work hard modifies the noun students.

The book which you lent me is very interesting.

The adjective clause which you lent me modifies the noun the book.

GM 2020

Activity : Adjectival Clauses

REWRITE AND UNDERLINE THE ADJECTIVAL CLAUSE IN EACH SENTENCE.

1. The man who is standing there is a secret agent. 2. The writer who won the Nobel Prize is from Colombia. 3. Fast food, which most people love, is not very healthy at all. 4. My uncle, who is a farmer, lives in the countryside. 5. Leila, whose father is a famous poet, invited me to her birthday party.

ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

What is an adverbial clause?

An adverb clause (also called an adverbial clause) is a dependent clause (or subordinate

clause) which functions as an adverb. They usually begin with the subordinating clause:

if, though because, since, after, although, when , whenever, before, so that. They can be used in any part of the sentence.

Activity: Adverbial Clauses

UNDERLINE THE ADVERBIAL CLAUSE IN EACH SENTENCE.

1. When you reach home, call me. 2. Put the games away so that you can eat your dinner. 3. I will give you a chocolate if you clean your room. 4. I had to watch because Jamie was playing basketball. 5. Before I go to bed, I brush my teeth.

NOUN CLAUSES

What is a noun clause?

A noun clause is a dependent clause that acts as a noun. Remember, that a noun names

a person, place, thing or idea. They begin with words such as: how, whom, which,

whoever, whomever, who, why. A noun clause can function as a subject and an object

Activity : Noun Clauses

UNDERLINE THE NOUN CLAUSE IN THE SENTENCES BELOW:

1. Whoever thought of this idea, is a genius. 2. Choose a gift for whomever you want. 3. Whichever restaurant you choose, will be fine with me. 4. It is important to realise why we make certain decisions. 5. On the weekends, we can play whatever game we want to

.

Wednesday 9 June

COMPOUND AND COMPLEX SENTENCE

What is a simple sentence?

A simple sentence is one independent clause that has a subject and a verb and

expresses a complete thought.

Example:

1. Joe went to the store. 2. Sarah and Jessie are going swimming.

What are compound sentences?

Compound sentences = 2 independent sentences (simple sentences) joined by

a co-ordinating conjunction. Some conjunctions have a comma before them.

Co-ordinating conjunctions:

F for

A and

N nor

B but

O or

Y yet

S so

GM

Examples:

1. I tried to speak Spanish and my friend tried to speak English. 2. Alex was playing football, so Maria went shopping. 3. Katlego cooked dinner, yet Thandi never ate.

What are Complex Sentences?

Complex sentence = An independent clause joined by 1 or more dependent clauses. These

sentences are joined by subordinating conjunctions. These include: after, before, as,

because, that, if, when, whenever, where, whereas, although, whether, until, while, once, since, than, unless, why, however. They can appear in the beginning or

middle of a sentence.

Examples:

1. When he handed in his homework, he forgot to give the teacher the last page. 2. The teacher returned the homework after she noticed the error. 3. The students are studying because they have a test tomorrow. 20

Activity : Compound and Complex Sentences

REWRITE THE SENTENCE AND UNDERLINE THE CONJUNCTION IN EACH

SENTENCE AND STATE IF IT IS A COMPOUND OR COMPLEX SENTENCE.

1. We have to go to bed when the clock strikes ten. 2. Jennifer liked William’s friend and she also liked his cousin. 3. Since they had no homework, they decided to go to the movies. 4. Khanyi and Tebogo rode their bicycles after they ate lunch. 5. Many soldiers fought in the war, so they received medals for bravery.

Activity : Punctuation

PUNCTUATION VIDEO LESSON

PUNCTUATE THE PASSAGE USING CAPITAL LETTERS, FULL STOPS,

COMMAS, APOSTROPHE

one night percy was driving home through a thick fog it was frightening to drive in such

conditions suddenly percy saw two bright spots of light appear in front of the car then

they disappeared percy realized that he had just seen a cat he had not seen the cats

body but its eyes had reflected the light coming from the cars headlights

this experience gave percy an idea over the next few months he spent hours

experimenting in his workshop he designed round glass studs that reflected the light

from a cars head-light

percy shaws invention is used throughout the world today they are called cat eyes

GM 2020

DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH VIDEO LESSON

DIRECT SPEECH

➢ Direct speech quotes exactly what someone says.

➢ What a person says/said, is given within quotation marks “…”

➢ You have to give the exact words of the person.

➢ E.g. Sarah says, “I love strawberries!”

➢ E.g. “I bought a new dress,” said Jane.

Add a comma after the introductory verb e.g. says, or said,

If the person speaking, appears at the end of the sentence, then the comma

must be placed before the closing inverted comma e.g. “I need …,” said Jane.

Quotation marks must be used to open and close the speech (“…”)

A capital letter must begin the direct speech.

A full stop, or exclamation mark or question mark must end the sentence

(./!/?) ➢

In direct speech, each new speaker must begin on a new line.

INDIRECT SPEECH

Indirect speech is when you report what a person has said.

Many changes occur when we convert direct speech into indirect speech.

The changes are as follows:

✓ Remove the comma and add the word that.

✓ Take away all quotation marks.

✓ Change all pronouns.

✓ Check your tense.

✓ Add the word if or whether to questions.

✓ Keep present tense sentences in present tense e.g. says

✓ E.g. Anna says, “I love the smell of roses.”

Anna says that she loves the smell of roses. ✓ All sentences with the word said, will move one stage back in tense.

✓ E.g. Joe said, “I am feeling tired.”

Joe said that he was feeling tired.

M 2020

Activity : Direct Speech

ADD QUOTATION MARKS TO THE SENTENCES BELOW TO MAKE THEM

DIRECT SPEECH.

1. The boy said I pledge not to buy wildlife souvenirs. 2. The man said I have started my fight against wildlife trade. 3. Linda said tigers need their fur to keep warm. 4. Sam said elephants use their tusks for digging. 5. Bongi said all animals belong in the wild.

Activity : Indirect Speech

CHANGE THE DIRECT SPEECH SENTENCES TO INDIRECT SPEECH.

1. Shane said, “Sharks need their fins to swim.”

2. The boy said, “I want to help the animals.”

3. Mom said, “I do not want a pet iguana.”

4. Roman said, I will not wear fur or leather clothing.”

5. Lee said, “Animals should not be hunted.”

2020 COLON

REWATCH THE PUNCTUATION VIDEO

COLON

Introduces a list of items. Example

The following are harmful to our planet: pollution, poaching and global warming.

Introduces a quotation.

Example

Nelson Mandela said: “It was a long walk to freedom.”

Used in script writing (dialogue or plays). A colon follows the speaker.

Jason: Where did you go?

Ben: I went to look for the boat.

GM 2020

Activity: Colon

REWRITE THE SENTENCES AND INSERT THE COLON WHERE NECESSARY.

1. He wanted to see three cities in Italy Rome, Florence and Venice 2. She kept repeating “I really want that car!” 3. Here are three states that begin with M Michigan, Mississippi and Maine. 4. This house has everything I need two bedrooms, a backyard and a garage. 5. I have several favourite genres of movies drama, science fiction and mystery.

GM 2020

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE VIDEO LESSON

Active Voice:

In the active voice, the subject performs the action.

For example: The country mouse visited the town mouse.

Passive Voice:

In the passive voice, the subject receives the action.

For example: The town mouse was visited by the country mouse.

Activity : Active and Passive Voice

REWRITE THE SENTENCES IN THE PASSIVE VOICE.

1. The boy writes poems. 2. The girl drove the blue car. 3. They have collected enough money. 4. They will open a new restaurant. 5. The guard watched the prisoner.

Thursday 10 June

PREPOSITIONS

Are words that show the relationship of one thing to

another They refer to place, position time manner or reason

They usually appear before nouns and pronouns

The following table contains rules for some of the most frequently used

prepositions:

Prepositions – Time

English Usage Example

on days of the week on Monday

in months / seasons in August / in winter

time of day in the morning

year in 2006

after a certain period of time (when?) in an hour

at for night at night

for weekend at the weekend

a certain point of time (when?) at half past nine

since from a certain point of time (past till now) since 1980

for over a certain period of time (past till now) for 2 years

ago a certain time in the past 2 years ago

before earlier than a certain point of time before 2004

to telling the time ten to six (5:50)

past telling the time ten past six (6:10)

to / till / marking the beginning and end of a from Monday to/till Friday

until period of time 2020

till / until in the sense of how long something is He is on holiday until Friday.

going to last

by in the sense of at the latest I will be back by 6 o’clock.

up to a certain time By 11 o'clock, I had read five

pages.

Prepositions – Place

English Usage Example

in room, building, street, town, country in the kitchen, in London

book, paper etc. in the book

car, taxi in the car, in a taxi

picture, world in the picture, in the world

at meaning next to, by an object at the door, at the station

for table at the table

for events at a concert, at the party

place where you are to do something at the cinema, at school, at

typical (watch a film, study, work) work

on attached the picture on the wall

for a place with a river London lies on the Thames.

being on a surface on the table

for a certain side (left, right) on the left

for a floor in a house on the first floor

for public transport on the bus, on a plane

for television, radio on TV, on the radio

by, next to, left or right of somebody or something Jane is standing by / next to /

beside beside the car.

under on the ground, lower than (or covered the bag is under the table

by) something else

below lower than something else but above the fish are below the

ground surface

over covered by something else put a jacket over your shirt

meaning more than over 16 years of age

overcoming an obstacle climb over the wall

getting to the other side walk over the bridge

above higher than something else, but not a path above the lake

directly over it

across getting to the other side (also over) walk across the bridge

getting to the other side swim across the lake

through something with limits on top, bottom and drive through the tunnel

the sides

to movement to person or building go to the cinema

movement to a place or country go to London / Ireland

for bed go to bed

into enter a room / a building go into the kitchen / the

house

towards movement in the direction of something go 5 steps towards the

(but not directly to it) house

onto movement to the top of something jump onto the table

from in the sense of where from a flower from the garden

Activity : Prepositions

REWRITE THE SENTENCES AND FILL IN THE PREPOSITIONS IN EACH SENTENCE BELOW.

1. I prefer to read ______ the library. 2. He climbed up the ladder to get ______ the attic.

3. Please sign your name ____ the dotted line _____ you read the contract.

4. Go _____ the stairs and ______ the door.

5. GM He swam _______ the pool. 6. Take your brother _______ you. 7. I received a present _______ Janet. 8. School begins _____ Monday.

ARTICLES

Articles – Definite and Indefinite

Indefinite Articles: a, an

an - used before singular count nouns beginning with a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) or vowel

sound: an apple, an elephant, an issue, an orange.

a - used before singular count nouns beginning with consonants (other than a, e, i, o,

u): a stamp, a desk, a television, a cup, a book.

BUT

if the first letter of the word is a vowel, but sounds like a consonant, then use a – a

used car, a useful gadget – sounds like ‘y’.

if the first letter of the word is a consonant, but sounds like a vowel, then use an – an

honest man – sounds like ‘o’.

Definite Article: the

Can be used before singular and plural, or countable and non-countable nouns. Anne

received the award for bravery (a specific award).

Activity Articles

REWRITE EACH SENTENCE AND FILL IN THE CORRECT ARTICLE.

1. ______ Blue Whale can weigh up to 200 tons.

2. I found ______ yellow stone and ______ earring while I was walking on

the beach. 3. Go to the supermarket and buy ______ melon and ______ newspaper. 4. If you want to get good marks you should be ______ hardworking student. 5. I wish I could see ______ unicorn.

GM 2020

6. Wendy wants to buy ______ fridge, ______ washing machine, ______ oven and

______ electric knife for her new house. 7. If you eat ______ orange or ______ lemon a day, you can protect yourself from

flu. 8. My mother is ______ angel. She treats me well even if I get bad marks. 9. It's too hot. I want to have ______ ice-cream. 10. My father has ______ Italian and ______ Turkish flag. 11. The teacher wanted ______ answer from the student. 12. Peter is going to have ______ birthday party next Sunday

Friday 11 June

WITH ALL THIS WEEK’S ACTIVITIES

&