English Equivalents of Latin Names - Charleville...

English Equivalents of Latin Names.doc

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Courtesy

of FULLERTON COLLEGE

HORTIOCULTURE DEPARTMENT

ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS OF

LATIN NAMES


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— A — abbreviatus: abbreviated, shortened abortivus: aborted, parts failing abruptus: abrupt, suddenly changing in shape or color abyssinicus: Abyssinian acaulis: stemless acephalus: headless acerbus: acerb, harsh or sour (taste) aceroides: acer-like, maple-like acerosus: needle-shaped acicularis: needle-like acidis simus: exceedingly sour acidus: acid, sour acinaceus: scimetar- or saber-shaped acris: acrid, sharp aculeatus: prickly acuminatus: acuminate, long-pointed, tapering acutangulus: acutely or sharply angled acutifidus: acutely or sharply cut acutifolius: acutely leaved, sharp-leaved acutilobus: acutely lobed acutipetalus: petals acute or sharpe (pointed) acutus: acute, sharp-pointed admirabilis: admirable, noteworthy adnatus: adnate, joined to adpressus: pressed against adscendens: ascending adsurgens: rising to an erect position, ascending aduncus: hooked advenus: newly arrived, adventive aegyptiacus: Egyptian aemulus: emulative, imitating aeneus: brazen, bronze-colored aequinoctialis: pertaining to the equinox aequipetalus: equal-petaled aerugninosus: rusty, rust-colored aestivalis: summer aestivus: summer aethiopicus: Ethiopian, African affinis: related (to another species) africanus: African agavoides: Agave-like ageratoides: ageratum-like aggregatus: aggregate, clustered agrarius: of the fields

agrestis: of or pertaining to the feilds aizoides: aizoon-like (Aizo 'on, an evergreen or tenacious plant) alatus: winged albescens: whitish, becoming white albicans: whitish albicaulis: white-stemmed albidus: white albiflorus: white-flowered albifrons: white-fronded, white-herbaged albispinus: white-spined albocinctus: white-girdled, white-crowned albospicus: white-spiked albus: white alcicornis: elk-horned aleppicus: of Aleppo (in Syria) alliaceus: of the alliums, garlic-like aloides: aloe-like alpestris: alpine alpinus: alpine altaicus: of the Altai Mts. (S. Siberia) alternans: alternating alternus: alternating, alternate altifrons: tall-fronded or -herbaged altissimus: very tall, tallest altus: tall amabilis: lovely amarus: bitter ambiguus: ambiguous, doubtful amelloides: amellus-like americanus: American amethystinus: amethystine, violet-colored amoenus: charming, pleasing amphibius: amphibious, growing both in water and on land amplexicaulis: stem-clasping amplissimus: most or very ample amplus: ample, large, extended amurensis: of the Amur River region (E. Siberia) amygdalinus: pertaining to or like amygdalus anacanthus: without spines anatolicus: of Anatolia (Asia Minor) anceps: two-headed, two-edged anidicolus: native to the Andes Mts. andinus: Andine, Andian, pertaining to the Andes

ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS OF LATIN NAMES OF SPECIES


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andryogynus to balsameus andryogynus: with both staminate and pistillate flowers in one cluster anfractuosus: twisted anglicus: English, pertaining to England anguinus: snaky, pertaining to serpants angularis: angular, angled angulatus: angular, angled angulosus: angular, angled angustus: narrow annotinus: year-old annularis: annular, ringed annulatus: annular annuus: annual, living but one year anomelus: anomalous, out of the ordinary or usual antillaris: of the Antilles (W. Indies) antipodum: of the antipodes antiquorum: of the ancients antiquus: ancient apenninus: pertaining to the Apenines (Italy) apertus: uncovered, bare apetalus: without petals aphyllus: leafless apiculatus: apiculate, tipped with a point appendiculatus: appendaged, bearing an extension or additional part or process applanatus: flattened applicatus: joined, attached apterus: wingless aquaticus: aquatic aquatilis: aquatic aqueus: aqueous, watery aquilinus: aquiline, pertaining to the eagle arabicus: Arabian arachnoides: spider-like, cobwebby arborescens: becoming tree-like, woody arboreus: tree-like arcticus: arctic arcuatus: bow-like, bowed arenarius: of sand or sandy places areolatus: areolate, pitted argentatus: silvery, silvered argenteus: silvery argophyllus: silver-leafed argutus: sharp-toothed argyraeus: slivery

aridus: arid arietinus: like a ram's head aristatus: aristate, bearded aristosus: bearded armatus: armed (as with thornes) aromaticus: aromatic arrectus: raised up, erect articulatus: articulated, jointed arundinaceus: reed-like arvensis: pertaining to cultivated fields ascendens: ascending asiaticus: Asian asper: rough asperatus: rough aspericaulis: rough-stemmed asperrimus: very rough assimilis: similar, like to assurgens: assurgent, clambering ater: coal-black atlanticus: Atlantic, growing in Atlantic regions atratus: blackened atropurpureus: dark purple atrorubens: dark red atrosanguineus: dark blood-red atrovirens: dark green attenuatus: attenuated, produced to a point atticus: pertaining to Attica or Athens, Greek augustissimus: very notable augustus: august, notable, majestic aurantiacus: orange-red aureolus: golden aureus: golden auriculatus: auricled, eared australiensis: belonging to Australia australis: southern austriacus: Austrian autumnalis: autumnal axillaris: axillary, borne in the axils, pertaining to the axils azureus: azure, sky-blue

— B — baccatus: berried baccifera: berry-bearing balearicus: Balcarian, of the Balearic Islands balsameus: balsamic, balsam-like


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balsamifera to cantabricus balsamifera: balsam-bearing bambusoides: bambusa-like, bamboo-like banaticus: of Banat (S. Hungary) barbadensis: of Barbadoes barbarus: foreign, from a strange country barbatus: barbed, bearded barbigora: bearing barbs or beards basilaris: pertaining to the base or bottom bellus: handsome benedictus: blessed benghalensis: of Bengal (E. India) betuloides: Betula-like, birch-like bicarinatus: twice-keeled, with two keels bicolor: two-colored bicornis: two-horned bicornutus: two-horned bidentatus: two-toothed biennis: biennial, living only two years bifidus: twice cut, in two parts biflorus: two-flowered bifurcatus: twice-forked bigibbus: with two swellings or projections biglumis: two-glumed bijugus: yoked two together, joined, fastened together bilobus: two-lobed binatus: twin, double, two-and-two binervis: two-nerved binocularis: binocular, two-eyed, two-spotted bipartitus: two-parted bipetalus: two-petaled bipinnatifidus: bipinnatifid, twice pinnately cut bipinnatus: bipinnately, twice pinnate bipunctatus: two-spotted bisectus: cut in two parts bispinosus: two-spined biternatus: twice ternate blandus: bland, mild bonus: good borbonicus: of Bourbonne (in N.E. France) borealis: northern botryoides: cluster-like, grape-like brachiatus: brachiate, branched at right angles brachypodus: short-stalked

bracteatus: bracteate, bearing bracts bracteosus: bract-bearing brevicaulis: short-stemed brevifrons: short-fronded, short-leaved brevipes: short-footed, as with short pedicel or petiole brevirostris: short-beaked brevis: short brevisetus: short-bristled brevis pathus: short-spathed brevis simus: very short, shortest brilliant issumus: most brilliant, very brilliant brunneus: deep brown bucephalus: ox-headed bufonius: pertaining to the toad bulbifera: bulb-bearing bulbosus: bulbous bullatus: inflated, swelling, puckered, bullate byzantinus: Byzantine (of the Constantinople region)

— C — caerulescens: becoming or turning dark blue caeruleus: cerulean, dark blue caesius: bluish gray caespitosus: cespitose, tufted, growing in low dense clumps caffer: Kafir caffra: Kafir calbricus: form Calabria (S. Italy) calathinus: basket-like calcaratus: spurred, with spurs calcareus: of or pertaining to lime callosus: thick-skinned, with callosities calvus: bald, hairless calycinus: calyx-like calyculatus: calyx-like, calyx-bearing, fruit enclosed in a calyx cambricus: Cambrian, Welsh campanulatus: campanulate, bell-shaped campestris: of the fields or plains canadensis: Canadian canaliculatus: channeled, grooved canariensis: of the Canary Islands candicans: white, hoary, particularly white-hairy or white-wooly candidissimus: very white-hairy or hoary cantabricus: from Cantabria (in Spain)


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candidus to conspicuus candidus: white, white-hairy, shining canescens: gray-pubescent canus: ash-colored, hoary capensis: of the Cape (of Good Hope) capillaris: hair-like capreolatus: winding, twining capsularis: capsular cardinalis: cardinal carinatus: keeled carneus: flesh-colored carnosus: fleshy carolinianus: Carolinian, pertaining to North or South Carolina, or indefinitely to the Carolinas carpathicus: of the Carpathian region (Europe) cartilagineus: like cartilage caryophyllaceus: clover-like; perhaps also pertaining to the pink family cashmerianus: of Cashmere (Asia) catharticus: cathartic cathayanus: of Cathay (China) caucasicus: belonging to the Caucasus (mountain region between the Black Sea and Caspian Sea) caudatus: caudate, tailed caulescens: caulescent, having a stem or stems cauliflorus: stem-flowered cenisius: of Mt. Cenis (between France and Italy) cephalatus: headed, bearing heads cerasiformis: cherry-formed cerefolius: wax-leaved cerifera: wax-bearing cernuus: bending forward, inclined, drooping, nodding ceylanicus: of Ceylon (Sri Lanka); same as zeylanicus chalcedonicus: Chalcedon (on the Bosphorus) chilensis: belonging to Chile chinensis: belonging to China chloranthus: green-flowered chrysanthus: golden-fllowered chrysocarpus: golden-fruited chrysophyllus: golden-leaved

chrysostomus: golden-mouthed, golden- throated ciliaris: ciliate, fringed with hairs on the margin cilicicus: of Cilicia (in S.E. Asia Minor) cinctus: girded, girdled cinereus: ash-colored cinnabarinus: cinnabar-red cinnamomeus: cinnamon-brown circinatus: circinate, coiled cirrhosus: tendrilled citratus: citrus-like citrinus: citron-colored or –like clandestinus: concealed clavatus: clavate, club-shaped clematideus: pertaining to or like clematis clypeatus: with a shield coccifera: berry-bearing coccineus: scarlet cochlearis: spoon-like cochleatus: spoon-like coelestinus: celestial, sky-blue collinus: pertaining to a hill coloratus: colored (other than green) comatus: with coma or hair communis: common, general, gregarious commutatus: changed or changing comosus: with long hair compactus: compact, dense complexus: circled, embraced complicatus: complicate compressus: compressed comptus: adorned, ornamented concavus: concave, hollowed out concinnus: neat, well made concolor: colored similarly condensus: condensed, crowded confertus: crowded conformis: similar, like to confusus: confused, uncertain (as to characteristics) congestus: congested, brought together conglomeratus: conglomerate, crowded together conifere: cone-bearing conjugatus: connected, joined together conoideus: conoid, cone-like consolidus: consolidated, solid, stable conspicuus: conspicuous, marked


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constrictus to densus constrictus: constricted contiguus: contiguous, near together contortus: contorted, twisted contractus: contracted coralliflorus: coral-flowered corallinus: coral-red cordatus: cordate, heart-shaped cordifolius: cordate-leaved, heart-leaved coriaceus: leathery corniculatus: horned cornigera: horn-bearing cornutus: horned coronarius: used for or belonging to garlands coronatus: crowned corrugatus: corrugated, wrinkled corsicus: Corsican (island in the Mediterranean) corticosus: heavily furnished with bark coruscans: vibrating, glittering corymbitera: corymb-bearing corymbosus: corymbose costatus: costate, ribbed crassicaulis: thick-stemed crassifolius: thick-leaved crassipes: thick-footed or –stalked crassus: thick, fleshy crenatus: crenate, scalloped crenulasus: crenulate, somewhat scalloped crepidatus: sandaled, slippered crepitans: rattling, rustling cretaceus: cretaceous, pertaining to chalk creticus: of Crete (island of eastern Mediterranean) crinitus: hairy, provided with hair crispus: crisped, curled cristatus: cristate, crested crocatus: saffron-yellow croceus: saffron-colored, yellow cruciatus: cruciate, cross-like crucifera: cross-bearing cruentus: bloody crystallinus: crystalline cubensis: Cuban cucullatus: hooded cultratus: cultrate, knife-shaped cuneatus: cuneate, wedge-shaped

cuneifolius: wedge-leaved cuneiformis: wedge-formed cupreus: copper-like or -colored curvatus: curved cuspidatus: cuspidate, with a cusp or sharp stiff point cyaneus: blue cylindraceus: cylindrical cylindricus: cylindrical cymbiformis: boat-formed cymosus: cymed, having a cyme or cymes cypreus: copper-like, see cupresus

— D — dactylifera: finger-bearing dahuricus, davuricus: of Dahuria or Dauria (in Trans-Baikal Siberia, near the frontier of China) dalmaticus: Dalmatian (on the eastern side of the Adriatic) damascenus: of Damascus dasycarpus: thick-fruited dealbatus: whitened, white-sashed debilis: weak, frail decandrus: ten-stamened decapetalus: ten-petaled deciduus: deciduous, with parts falling decipiens: deceptive declinatus: declined, bent downward decolorans: discoloring, staining decompositus: decompound, more than one compound or dividend decornas: adorning decorus: elegant, comely, becoming decumbens: decumbent, reclining at the base but the top or tips upright decurrens: decurrent, as a leaf extending down the stem deflexus: deflexed, bent abruptly downward deformis: misshapen, deformed delectus: chosen delicatissimus: most or very delicate delicatus: delicate, tender delociosus: delicious deltoideus: deltoid, triangular demissus: low, weak dendroideus: tree-like densiflorus: densely flowered densus: dense


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dentatus to eriocephalus dentatus: toothed denticulatus: denticulate, slightly toothed dentosus: toothed denudatus: denuded, naked depauperatus: depauperate, starved, dwarfed dependens: hanging down depressus: depressed deustus: burned devastator: (feminine devastatrix): devastating, laying waste diacanthus: two-spined diadema: a diadem, crown diandrus: with two stamens diaphanus: diaphanous, very thin, transparent dichotomus: forked, two-branched equally dichrous: of two colors dicoccus: with two berries didymus: in a pair, as of anthers difformis: of differing forms diffusus: diffuse, spreading digitatus: digitate, compound in form like fingers dilitatus: dilated, expanded dilatus: dilated, spread out dimidiatus: halved, in two equal parts dimorphus: dimorphorus, two-formed diodon: with two teeth dioicus: dioecious dipetalus: two-petaled diphyllus: two-leaved dipsaceus: of the teasel, of Dipsacus discoideus: discoid, rayless discolored: of two or of different colors dispar: dissimilar, unlike dissectus: dissected, deeply cut dissimilis: dissimilar, unlike distichus: two-ranked, with leaves or flowers in ranks on opposite sides of stems distylus: two-styled diurnus: day-flowering divaricatus: divaricate, spreading, widely divergent divergens: diverging, wide-spreading diversifolius: variable-leaved

diversiflorus: diversely flowered, varieable-flowered divisus: divided, separated dodecandrus: twelve-stamened dolabriformis: hatchet- or ax-shaped dolosus: deceitful domesticus: domestic, domesticated drupaceus: drupe-like drupiffera: drupe-bearing dubius: dubious, doubtful dulcis: sweet dumetorum: of bushes or hedges dumosus: bushy duplex: double duplicatus: duplicate, double durabilis: durable, lasting duracinus: hard-berried duriusculus: somewhat hard or rough

— E — ebenaceus: ebony-like ebracteatus: bractless ebruneus: ivory-white echinatus: bristly, prickly echinocarpus: prickly-fruited echinosepalus: prickly-sepaled ecornutus: hornless edulis: edible effusus: very loose-spreading elasticus: elastic elatior: taller elatus: tall elegans: elegant elegantissimus: most elegant, very elegant elephantum: of the elephants ellipticus: elliptical elogantus: elongated, lengthened emarginatus: emarginate, with a shallow notch at the apex emeticus: emetic eminens: eminent, prominent enneaphyllus: none-leaved equestris: pertaining to the horse equinus: of horses erectus: erect, upright erianthus: wooly-flowered ericoides: erica-like, heath-like eriocarpus: wooly-fruited eriocephalus: wooly-headed


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erosus to florepleno erosus: erose, jagged, as if gnawed erraticus: erratic, unusual, sporadic erubescens: blushing erythrocarpus: red-fruited erythropodus: red-footed, red-stalked erythropterus: red-winged esculentus: esculent, edible estriatus: without stripes etuberosus: without tubers europaeceus: European exaltatus: exalted, very tall excavatus: excavated, hollowed out excellens: excellent, excelling excelsus: tall excisus: excised, cut away exiguus: little, small, poor eximius: distinguished, out of the ordinary exitiosus: pernicious, destructive exoletus: mature, fully grown, dying away exoticus: exotic, from another country expansus: expanded exsculptus: dug out, carved out exsertus: exserted, protruding from exsurgens: rising up, standing up extensus: extended exudans: exuding

— F — fabaceus: faba-like, bean-like falcatus: falcate, sickle-shaped or scythe-shaped falcifolius: falcate-leaved falciformis: sickle-formed fallax: deceptive farinaceus: containing farina or starch, or like flour; perhaps also farinose farinifera: farina-bearing farinosus: farinose, mealy, powdery fasciatus: fasciate, abnormally flattened and broadened fascicularis: fascicled, clustered, brought together fasciculatus: fascicled fascinator: fascinating, charming fastigiatus: fastigiate, branches erect and close together fastosus: proud

febrifugus: febrifuge, fever-dispelling fenestralis: with window-like openings ferox: ferocious, very thorny ferreus: pertaining to iron ferrugineus: rusty, of the color of iron rust fertilis: fertile, fruitful festivus: festive, gay, bright fibrosus: fibrous, bearing prominent fibers ficoideus: fig-like filamentosus: filamentous, composed of threads or bearing threads filicatus: fern-like, ferny filicifolius: fern-leaved filicinus: fern-like filicoides: fern-like filifera: bearing filaments or threads filifolius: thread-leaved, with leaves cut into thread-like divisions filiformis: filiform, thread-like filipes: with stalks thread-like firmatus: firm, strong, made firm fimbriatus: fimbriated, fringed firmus: firm, strong fissifulius: split-leaved fissilis: fissile, cleft or split fissus: cleft, split fistulosus: fistular, hollow-cylindrical flabellatus: flabellate, with fan-like parts flabelliformis: fan-formed flaccidus: flaccid, soft flagellaris: flagellate, whip-like flagellatus: whip-like flagelliformis: whip-form flagellum: a scourge or flail flammeus: flame-colored flavescens: yellowish, becoming yellow or yellowish flavicomus: yellow-wooled or –haired flavidus: yellow, yellowish flavispinus: yellow-spined flavissimus: very yellow, deep yellow flavus: yellow flexilis: flexible, pliant flexuosus: flexuouse, tortuous, zig-zag floccosus: wooly florealbo: with white flowers florentinus: Florentine florepleno: with full or double flowers


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floribundus to gloriosus floribundus: free-flowering, blooming profusely floridus: flowering, full of flowers fluitans: floating fluvistilis: pertaining to a river foemina: female foeniculaceus: fennel-like foetidissimus: very fetid foetidus: fetid, bad-smelling foliatus: with leaves foliolatus: with leaflets foliasus: leafy, full of leaves follicularis: bearing follicles, follicled forficatus: shear-shaped formicaeformis: ant-shape, ant-like formosissimus: most or very beautiful formosus: beautiful, handsom foveatus: pitted fragilis: fragile, brittle fragrans: fragrant, odorous fragrantissimus: very fragrant fraxineus: fraxinous, like Fraxinus or ash trees frondosus: fronded, leafy fructifera: fruit-bearing, fruitful fructigenus: fruitful frutescens: shrubby, bushy fruticosus: fruticose, shrubby, bushy fucatus: painted, dyed fugax: swift fulgens: shining, glistening fulgidus: fulgid, shining fulginosus: black-painted or –colored, sooty fulvescens: fulvous or becoming fulvous fulvus: fulvous, tawny, orange-gray-yellow funalis: of a rope or cord funebris: funereal fungosus: fungous, pertaining to a fungus, spongy funiculatus: of a slender rope or cord; with a funicle (stalk of an ovule or seed) furcans: forked furcatus: furcate, forked fuscus: fuscous, brown, dusky fusiformis: spindle-shaped

— G — galericulatus: helmet-like galicus: of Gaul or France; also pertaining to a cock or rooster gandavensis: Belonging to Ghent, Belgium garganicus: belonging to Gargano (Eastern Italy) gelidus: ice-cold geminatus: twin geminiflorus: twin-flowered gemmatus: gemmed, jeweled; also bearing buds gemmifera: bud-bearing genevensis: belonging to Geneva geniculatus: jointed, kneed geoides: of the earth geometricus: geometrical, in a pattern germanicus: German, of Germany gibberosus: humped, hunchbacked gibbiflorus: gibbous-flowered gibbosus: swollen at one side gibbus: gibbous, swollen on one side giganteus: gigantic, very large giganticus: gigantic gigas: of giants, immense glabellus: smoothish glaber: glabrous, smooth glaberrimus: most smooth, smoothest glabratus: somewhat glabrous or smooth glabrescens: smoothish, or becoming so glacialis: icy, frozen gladiatus: sword-like glandulifera: gland-bearing glandulosus: glandular glastifolius: with leaves like the dyer’s woad (Isatis, once called Glastum) glaucescens: glaucescent, becoming glaucous glaucifolius: glaucous-leaved glaucophyllus: glaucous-leaved glaucus: glaucous, with a bloom, grayish globosus: globose, spherical, nearly or quite globular globularis: of a little ball or sphere globulifera: globule-bearing, globe-bearing globulosus: globuled, like a little ball glomeratus: glomerate, clustered gloriosus: glorious, superb


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glumaceus to hybridus glumaceus: glumed, with glumes or glume-like structures glutinosus: glutinous, gluey, sticky gongylodes: roundish gracilentus: slender gracilis: graceful, slender gracillimus: graceful, very slender grecus: of Greece, Greek gramineus: grassy, grass-like graminifolius: grass-leaved grandiceps: large-headed grandicuspis: with large cusps or points grandidentatus: large- or big-toothed grandiflorus: large-flowered grandifolius: large-leaved grandiformis: on a large scale, of a big kind grandipunctatus: with large spots grandis: large, big granulatus: granulate, covered with minute grains granulosus: granulate, granulose gratissimus: very pleasing or agreeable gratus: pleasing, agreeable graveolens: heavy-scented groenlandicus: of Greenland guianensis: of Guiana (South America) guineensis: of Guinea (Africa) gummifera: gum-bearing guttatus: spotted, speckled gymnocarpus: naked-fruited gyrans: gyrating, revolving in a circle

— H — haemanthus: blood-red-flowered hamatus: hooked hamosus: hooked harpophyllus: sickle-leaved hastatus: hastate, spear-shaped hastifera: spear-bearing hastilis: of a javelin or spear hebecarpus: pubescent-fruited hederceus: of the ivy (Hedera) helianthus: sunflower helveticus: Swiss, of Helvetia (Switzerland) helvolus: pale yellow hemisphaericus: hemispherical heptaphyllus: seven-leaved

herbaceus: herbaceous, dying to the ground and not woody herbariorum: of the herbaria heteracanthus: various-spined heteranthus: various-flowered, variable in flowers heterocarpus: various-fruited heterodon: various-toothed heteroglossus: various-tounged heteromorphus: various in form heterophyllus: various-leaved, with leaves of more than one shape hexagonopterus: six-angled-winged hexagonus: hexagonal, six-angled hexapetalus: six-petaled hianus: open, gaping hibernalis: of or pertaining to winter hibernicus: Hibernian, of or pertaining to Ireland hieroglyphicus: hieroglyphic, marked as if with signs himalaicus: Himalayan hircinus: of a goat, with a goat’s odor hirsutissimus: very hairy, most hairy hirsutulus: somewhat hirsute, or hairy hirsutus: hirsute, hairy hirtellus: somewhat hairy hirtiflorus: hairy-flowered hirtipes: hair-stalked or –stemmed hirtus: hairy hispanicus: Spanish, of Spain hispidissimus: most or very bristly hispidulus: somewhat hispid or bristly hispidus: hispid, bristly histrionicus: histrionic, pertaining to the stage or to actors holosericeus: wooly-silky horizontalis: horizontal horridus: provided with spines or barbs, prickly hortensis: belonging to the hortus or garden horticolus: a little garden; of the garden hortorum: of gardens hortulanus: pertaining to a garden humifusus: sprawling on the garden humilis: low-growing, dwarf hyacinthinus: hyacinthine, sapphire-colored hyacinthoides: like a hyacinth hybridus: hybrid, mixed, mongrel


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hyemalis to italicus hyemalis: of winter; also hiemalis hygrometricus: hygrometric, taking up water hylinus: transparent, translucent hymenanthus: membranaceous-flowered hymenodes: membrane-like hyperboreus: far northern hypocrateriformis: salver-shaped, flower with a slender cylindrical tube and flat spreading limb hypogaeus: under ground, subterranean hypoglaucus: glaucus beneath hypoleucus: whitish, pale hypophyllus: under the leaf hystrix: porcupine-like, bristly

— I — ianthianus: violet, violet-blue ibericus: of Iberia (The Spanish peninsula) icosandrus: twenty-stamened ignescens: fiery igneus: fiery ilicifolius: ilex-leaved, holly-leaved illustratus: pictured illustris: bright, brilliant, lustrous illyricus: of Illyria (Grecian peninsula) imberbis: without beards or spines imbricaus: imbricating imbricatus: imbricated, lapping over, shingled immaculatus: immaculate, spotless immersus: immersed, under water imperator: commanding, imperious imperialis: imperial, kingly implexus: implicated, interwoven impressus: impressed, sunken in inaequalifolius: unequal-leaved inaequalis: unequal inaequilaterus: unequal-side incanus: hoary incarnatus: flesh-colored incertus: uncertain, doubtful incisifolius: cut-leaved incisus: incised, cut inclinatus: inclined, bent downward incomparabilis: incomparable, excelling incomptus: rude, unadorned, not attractive inconspiccus: inconspicuous, not prominent

incurvatus: incurved, bent inward incurvus: incurved indentatus: indented, dented indicus: Indian, of India or the East Indies indivisus: undivided inermis: unarmed, with thorns or spines infectorius: used for dying, pertaining to dyes infestus: dangerous, unsafe inflatus: inflated, swollen up infortunatus: unfortunate infrectus: broken infundibuliformis: funnel-shaped, trumpet- shaped infundibulum: a funnel inodorus: without odor, scentless inornatus: without ornament, not showy inquinans: polluting, discoloring inscriptus: inscribed, written on insignis: remarkable, distinguished, marked insititius: grafted intactus: intact, untouched integer: entire integerrimus: very entire integrifolius: entire-leaved interjectus: interjected, put between intermedius: intermediate interruptus: interrupted intertextus: interwoven, intertwined intricatus: intricate, entangled introrsus: introrse, turned inward intumescens: swollen, puffed up, tumid intybaceus: pertaining to chicory (Intybus) inversus: inverse, turned over, upside down invisus: unseen, overlooked involucaratus: involucred, with an involucre involutus: involute, rolled inward ionanthus: with flowers like a violet ionopterus: with wings like a violet iridescens: iridescent, changing color at different angles iridiflorus: iris-flowered irregularis: irregular isandrus: with equal stamens isopetalis: equal-petaled isophyllus: equal-leaved italicus: Italian


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jamaicensis to lilacinus

— J — jamaicensis: of Jamaica japonicus: Japanese, of Japan jasmineus: jasmine-like jasminiflorus: jasmine-flowered javanicus: Javan, of Java jubatus: crested, with a man juncundus: agreeable, pleasing jugosus: joined, yoked junceus: Juncus-like, rush-like

— K — kashmirianus: of Cashmere, of Kashmere kewensis: Belonging to Kew (Kew Gardens, England) koraianus: of Corea, also coreanus

— L — labiatus: labiate, lipped labiosus: lipped lachryma: a tear laciniatus: laciniate, torn, cut or slashed into narrow lobes laciniosus: laciniose, laciniate lactatus: milky lacteus: milk-white lacticolor: milk-colored lactifera: milk-bearing, milky-juiced lactiflorus: flowers milk-colored lacunosus: with holes or puts lacustris: pertaining to lakes ladanifera: ladanum-bearing laetevirens: light green, vivid green laetus: bright, vivid laevicaulis: smooth-stemmed laevigatus: smooth laevipes: smooth-footed, smooth-stalked laevis: smooth laeviusculus: smoothish, somewhat smooth lanatus: wooly lanceolatus: lanceolate lanceus: lance-like lancifolius: lance-leaved lanigera: wool-bearing lanuginosus: wooly, downy

lappaceus: pertaining to a globular hooked bur; Lappa-like lapponicus: of Lapland laricifolius: larch-leaved laricinus: Larix-like, larch-like lasiocarpus: rough-fruited, rough-hairy lasiopetalus: with petals rough-hairy lateriflorus: lateral-flowered, with flowers on the side lateritius: brick-red latifolius: broad-leaved latifrons: broad-fronded, broad-herbaged, broad-leaved latimaculatus: broad-spotted latipes: broad-footed, broad-stalked latissimus: broadest, very broad latus: broad, wide laurifolius: laurel-leaved laurinus: laurel-like lavandulaceus: lavender-like laxiflorus: loose-flowered laxifolius: loose-leaved laxus: lax, open, loose leianthus: smooth-flowered leiocarpus: smooth-fruited leiophyllus: smooth-leaved lenticularis: lenticular, lens-shaped lentus: pliant, tenacious, tough leontoglossus: lion-tounged or –throated leopardinus: leopard-spotted lepidophyllus: scaly-leaved leprosus: of leprosy, scurfy leptocaulis: thin-stemmed, slender- stemmed leptocladus: thin-stemmed or –branched leptolepis: thin-scaled leptophyllus: thin- or slender-leaved leptosepalus: thin-sepaled leptopus: thin- or slender-stalked leucanthus: white-flowered leucobotrys: with white clusters leucocephalus: white-headed leuconeurus: white-nerved leucophyllus: white-leaved leucorhizus: white-rooted libnicus: of Liburnia (west of Adriatic) lignosus: woody ligularis: ligulate, strap-shaped lilacinus: lilac


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liliiflorus to marginalis liliiflorus: lily-flowered limbatus: bordered limosus: of muddy or marshy places linariifolius: lanaria-leaved linearifolius: linear-leaved linearilobus: linear-lobed linearis: linear lineatus: lined, with lines or stripes ligulatus: toung-shaped linifolius: linum-leaved, flax-leaved linophyllus: flax-leaved lithospermus: with seeds stone-like littoralis: of the seashore lividus: livid, bluish lobatus: lobed loliaceus: Lolium-like (Lolium compresses rye grasses) longebracteatus: long-bracted longepedunculatus: long-pedunculate langicaudatus: long-tailed longiflorus: long-flowered longifolius: long-leaved longihamatus: with long laminae or plates longilobus: long-lobed longimucronatus: long-mucronate longipes: long-footed, long-stalked longipetalus: long-petaled longipinnatus: long-pinnate longiracemosus: long-racemed longiscapus: long-scaped longisepalus: long-sepaled longispathus: long-spathed longispinus: long-spined longissimus: longest, very long longistylus: long-stalked longus: long lorifolius: strap-leaved lucidus: lucid, bright, shining, clear ludovicianus: of Louisiana lugdunensis: belonging to the region of Lyons lunatus: lunate, moon-shaped, moon-like, crescent-shaped lunulatus: somewhat moon-shaped lupulinus: Lupulus-like, hop-like luridus: lurid, wan, sallow, pale yellow luteolus: yellowish

lutescens: yellowish, becoming yellow luteus: yellow luxurians: luxuriant, thrifty lyratus: lyrate, pinnatifid with large terminal lobe

— M — macilentus: lean, meager macrandus: with large anthers macranthus: large-flowered macrobotrys: large-clustered macrocarpus: large-fruited macrocephalus: large-headed macrodactylus: large-fingered macrodontus: large-toothed macropetalus: with large petals macrophyllus: large-leaved macroplectron: large-spurred macropodus: large-footed or –stalked macropterus: large-winged macrospadix: with large spadix macrostachus: large-spiked macrostegius: large-decked macrostemus: with large filaments macrostulus: large-styled macrourus: large-tailed maculatus: spotted maculosus: spotted maesiacus: of Moesia, ancient name of Bulgeria and Serbia magellanicus: Straits of Magellan region magnificus: magnificent, eminent, distinguished majelis: of May, May time majesticus: majestic major: greater, larger majus: greater, larger malabaricus: of Malabar (in British India) maliformis: apple-formed malvaceus: Malva-like, mallow-like mammosus: breasted, with breasts manicatus: manicate, long-sleeved, covered densely as with thick hairs so that the covering can be removed as such marcescens: withering but not falling marcidus: withering but not falling off margaritaceus: pearly, of pearls marginalis: marginal, marked in some way along the margins or edges


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marginatus to monspessulanus marginatus: margined marginellus: somewhat margined marilandicus: of the Maryland region; also written marylandicus maritimus: maritime, of the sea marmoratus: marbled, mottled marmoreus: marbled marmorophyllus: leaves marbled maroccanus: of Morocco mas: male masculatus: masculine masculus: male, masculine matronalis: pertaining to matrons mauritanicus: of Maurentania (N. Africa) maxillaris: maxillary, of the jaw maximus: largest mediterraneus: of the Mediterranean region medius: medium medullaris: of the marrow or center of pith megalanthus: large-flowered megaphyllus: large-leaved megapotamicus: of the large river megarrhizus: large-rooted megaspermus: large-seeded megastachyus: large-spiked megastigmus: with large stigma melananthus: black-flowered melancholicus: melancholy, hanging or drooping melanocaulon: black-stemmed melanococcus: black-berried melanoleucus: black and white melanoxylon: black-wooded meleagris: like a guinea-fowl, speckled melleus: pertaining to honey millifera: honey-bearing meloformis: melon-shaped membranaceus: membranaceous, membranous, thin and more or less translucent meniscifolius: crescent-leaved mesoleucus: mixed with white metallicus: metallic (color or luster) mexicanus: Mexican, of Mexico micans: glittering, sparkling, mica-like micranthus: small-flowered microcarpus: small-fruited

microdon: small-toothed microglossus: small-tounged microlepis: small-scaled micromeris: small-numbered, of small number of parts micropetalus: small-petaled microphyllus: small-leaved micropterus: small-winged microsepalus: small-sepaled microstemus: of small filaments or stemlets militaris: military millefoliatus: thousand-leaved millefolius: thousand-leaved, leaves or parts of very many mimus: mimic minax: threatening, forbidding miniatus: cinnabar-red minimus: least, smallest minor: smaller minus: smaller minutissimus: very or most minute minutus: minute, very small mirabilis: marvelous, extraordinary, wonderful mistassinicus: of Lake Mistassini (Quebec) mitis: mild, gentle mitratus: turbaned mixtus: mixed modestus: modest moldavicus: of Moldavia (in Romania) mollis: soft, soft-hairy mollissimus: very soft-hairy moluccanus: of the Moluccas (East Indies) monadelphus: in one group or bundle mongolicus: of Mongolia monilifera: bearing a necklace monocanthus: one-spined monocephalus: single-headed monogynus: of one pistil monoicus: monoecious monopetalus: one-petaled monophyllus: one-leaved monopterus: one-winged monopyrenus: bearing one stone or pyrene monosepalus: one-sepaled monospermus: one-seeded monstachus: single-spiked monspeliensis: of Montpelier monspessulanus: of Montpelier


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monstrosus to nudus monstrosus: monstrous, wholly abnormal or deformed, teratological montanus: pertaining to mountainsor mountainous regions montevidensis: of Montevideo (Uruguay) monticolus: native of mountains moschatus: musky, musk-scented mucronatus: mucronate, tipped with a short sharp point or mucro mucronulatus: with a small mucro or point multibracteatus: many-bracted multicaulis: many-stemmed, with numerous stems multiceps: many-headed, many-branched multicolor: many-colored multifidus: multifid, Many times parted multiflorus: many-flowered multifurcatus: much-forked, many times forked multijugus: many in a yoke, many times joined multinervis: many-nerved multiplex: many-folded multiradiatus: many-radiate, with numerous rays multisectus: many times cut, much-cut or dissected mundulus: trim, neat munitus: defended, fortified muralis: of walls, growing on walls muricatus: muricate, rough by means of hard points muscipula: a mouse-trap mutatus: changeable muticus: blunt, pointless multilatus: mutilated myriacanthus: numberless spined, very many-spined myriocarpus: very many-fruited myrmecophilus: ant-loving myrtifolius: myrtle-leaved

— N — nanus: dwarf napiformis: turnip-shaped narbonensis: of Narbonne (ancient region or province of S. France)

natans: floating, swimming navicularis: pertaining to a ship neapolitanus: Neapolitan nebulosus: nebulous, clouded, indefinite, obscure neglectus: neglected, overlooked nemoralis: of groves or woods nemorosus: of groves or woods and shady places nepalensis: of Nepal (Himalayan region) neriifolius: nerium-leaved, oleander-leaved nervosus: nerved nevadensis: of the Sierra Nevada mountains (in Spain or N. America) nectitans: blinking, moving nidus: nest niger: black nigratus: blackish nigrescens: blackish, becoming black nigricans: black nigricornis: black-horned nigripes: black-footed or –stalked nilotica: of the Nile nitens: shining nitidus: shining nivalis: snowy, pertaining to snow niveus: snowy nivosus: snowy, full of snow nobilior: more noble nobilis: noble, famous, renowned nobilissimus: most or very noble nodiflorus: with flowers at nodes nodosus: with nodes, jointed nonscriptus: undescribed nootkatensis: of Nootka (Nootka Sound is by Vancouver Island) notatus: marked novaenglae: of New England novaecaesareae: of New Jersey novaezealandiae: of New Zealand novebriacebsus: of New York novibelgii: of New Belgium or New York (i.e., New York) nubicolus: dwelling among clouds nucifera: nut-bearing nudatus: nude, stripped nudicaulis: naked-stemmed nudiflorus: naked-flowered nudus: nude, naked


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numismatus to pallescens numismatus: pertaining to money, coin-like nutons: nodding nycticalus: night-blooming

— O — obconicus: inversely conical obcorbatus: obcordate, inversely cordate obesus: obeses, fat obfuscatus: clouded, confused obliquus: oblique, unequal and slanting obliteratus: obliterated, erased, not apparent oblongatus: oblong oblongifolius: oblong-leaved obovatus: obovate, inversely ovate obscurus: obscure, hidden obseletus: obsolete, rudimentary obtustus: obtuse, blunt obtusifolius: blunt-leaved obtusilobus: blunt-lobed obtusus: obtuse, blunt, rounded occidentalis: occidental, western oceanicus: oceanic; perhaps of Oceanica ocellatus: eyeleted, with small eyes ochreatus: with an ochrea or botsheath ochroleucus: yellowish-white octrandus: with eight anthers octopetalus: eight-petaled octophyllus: eight-leaved oculatus: eyed, with eye-like marks odontities: tooth odontochilus: with toothed lip or margin odorantissimus: most or very odorous, very fragrant odoratus: odorous, fragrant odorus: odorous, fragrant officinalis: officinal, medicinal, recognized in the pharmacopoeia officinarum: of the apothecaries oleanfolius: olea- or olive-leaved oleifera: oil-bearing oleraceus: oleraceous, vegetable-garden herb used in cooking oliganthus: few-flowered oligocarpus: few-fruited oligospermus: few-seeded

olitorius: pertaining to vegetable-gardens or -gardens olivaceus: olive-like, olive-colored olivaeformis: olive-shaped olympicus: of Olympus or Mt. Olympus (in Greece) omnivorus: omnivorous, of all kinds of food opacus: opaque, shaded operculatus: with a lid oppositiflorus: opposite-flowered oppositifolius: opposite-leaved opuliflorus: flowers of Opulus (a Viburnum) orbicularis: round orbiculatus: round orchideus: orchard-like orchioides: orchard-like oreganus: of oregano orgyalis: length of the arms extended, about six feet orientails: oriental, eastern ornatissimus: most showy or ornate ornatus: ornate, adorned ornithocephalus: like a bird’s head ornithopodus: like a bird’s foot ornithorhynchus: shaped like a bird’s beak orthocarpus: straight-fruited orthochilus: straight-lipped orthopterus: straight-winged ovalifolius: oval-leaved ovatus: ovate ovifera: egg-bearing ovigera: egg-bearing ovinus: pertaining to sheep oxyacanthus: sharp-thorned or –spined oxyphyllus: sharp-leaved oxygonus: sharp-angled oxysepalus: with sharp sepals

— P — pachyanthus: thick-flowered pachyneurus: thick-nerved pachypterus: thick-winged pacificus: of the Pacific, of regions bordering the Pacific Ocean palaestinus: of Palestine paleaceus: with palea (bracts in grass flowers), or palea-like, chaffy pallens: pale pallescens: palish, becoming pale


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palliatus to petraeus palliatus: palliated, cloaked pallidiflorus: pale-flowered pallidifolius: pale-leaved pallidispinus: pale-spined pallidus: pale palliflavens: pale yellow palmatifidus: palmately cut palmatus: palmate, divided or lobed like a hand paludosus: of marshes, marsh-loving palustris: marsh-loving panduratus: fiddle-shaped paniculatus: paniculate paniculigera: panicle-bearing pannonious: of Pannonia (Roman province on the Danube, now western Hungary) pannosus: ragged, tattered papaveraceus: Papaver-like, poppy-like papilionaceus: butterfly-like, the form of the pea flower papillosus: papillate, with a minute nipple- like projections or protuberances papyraceus: papery papyrifera: paper-bearing paradisiacus: of parks and gardens paradoxus: paradoxical, strange parasiticus: parasitical, of a parasite pardalinus: leopard-like, spotted pardinus: leopard-spotted partitus: parted parviflorus: small-flowered parvifolius: small-leaved parvissimus: smallest, very small parvulus: very small, very slight parvus: small patagonicus: of Patagonia patellaris: circular, disk-shaped, like a knee-pan patens: spreading patulus: spreading pauciflorus: few-flowered paucifolius: few-leaved pauperculus: poor pavoninus: peacock-like pectinaceus: pectinate pectinatus: pectinate, comb-like, pinnatifid with very narrow close divisions or parts

pectinifera: comb-bearing pectoralis: shaped like a breast-bone pedatus: footed, of the foot or feet; also pedate, like a bird's foot, being palmately dividedand the side parts 2-cleft pedemontanus: of Piedmont (northern Italy) peduncularis: peduncled, stalked pedunculatus: peduncled pedunculosus: with many peduncles pellucidus: pellucid, with translucent dots peltatus: peltate peltifolius: peltate-leaved pelviformis: pelvis-shaped penduliflorus: pendulous-flowered pendulinus: somewhat pendulous pendulus: pendulous, hanging penicillatus: hair penciled, like a little brush; pinnate pennatus: feathered, as the veins or lobes standing off at right angles from a midrib; pinnate penninervis: feathered-veined pennsylvanicus: of Pennsylvania pentagonus: five-angled pentagynus: of five pistils pentandrus: of five stamens pentanthus: five-flowered pentaphyllus: five-leaved perbellus: very beautiful peregrinus: exotic, foreign, from a strange country perennans: perennial perennis: perennial, living three or more years perfoliatus: perfoliate, with leaf surrounding the stem perforatus: perforated, with holes permixtus: much mixed or confused persicaefolius: peach-leaved persicus: of Persia; also the peach perspicuus; clear, transparent pertusus: thrust through, forced through, perforated peruvianus: Peruvian, of Peru petaloideus: petal-like petiolaris: petioled, with a leaf-stalk petiolatus: petioled petraeus: rock-loving


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phlogiflorus to provincialis phlogiflorus: flame-flowered phoeniceus: purple-red phrygius: of Phrygia (in Asia Minor) phyllomaniacus: running wildly to leaves, leafy picturatus: painted-leaves, pictured, variegated pictus: painted pilifera: bearing soft hairs pilosiusculus: somewhat or slightly pilose pilosus: pilose, shaggy, with soft hairs pilulifera: globule-bearing pinetorum: of pine forests pineus: of the pine pinifolius: pine-leaved pinnatifidius: pinnatifid, pinnately cleft pinnatifrons: pinnate-fronded or –foliaged pinnatinervis: pinnate-nerved pinnatus: pinnate with leaflets on the side of a main leaf axis pisifera: pisum-bearing, pea-bearing pisocarpus: pea-fruited placatus: quiet, calm planiflorus: plane-flowered, flat-flowered planifolius: flat-leaved plantagineus: plantain-flowered planus: plane, flat platanoides: Platanus-like, plane tree-like platycanthus: broad-spined platycarpus: broad-fruited platycladus: broad-branched platyglossus: broad-tounged platyphyllus: broad-leaved plenissimus: very full or double plenus: full, used to designate doubleness in a flower (as in flore-pleno) pleurostachys: side-spiked plicatus: plicate, plaited, folded lengthwise plumarius: plumed plumatus: plumed plumbeus: of lead plumosus: feathery poculiformis: deep cup-shaped podocarpus: with stalked fruit poeticus: pertaining to poets poilfolius: polium-leaved, white-leaved politus: polished

polyacanthus: many-spined polyandrus: of many stamens polyanthus: many-flowered polycephalus: many-headed polydactylus: many-fingered polygamus: polygamous, having both perfect and imperfect flowers polymorphus: of many forms, variable polypetalus: many-petaled polyphyllus: many-leaved polyspermus: many-seeded polystachyus: many-spiked polystictus: many-dotted pomaceus: pome-like, resembling th eapple or pear pomeridianus: afternoon ponderosus: ponderous, heavy, weighty ponticus: of Pontus (in Asia Minor) populifolius: populus-leaved, poplar-leaved populneus: pertaining to poplars porcinus: pertaining to swine porrifolius: Porrum- or leek-leaved praealtus: very tall praecox: precocious, premature, very early praestans: distinguished, excelling praetixtus: bordered prasinatus: greenish prasinus: grass-green pratensis: of meadows precatorius: praying, prayerful prickle: small, weak, spinelike outgrowth of the bark or epidermis rather than of the wood; compare Thorn primulinus: primrose-like princeps: princely, first prismaticus: prismatic, prisim-shaped proboscideus: proboscis-like procerus: tall procumbens: procumbent, lying on the ground procurrens: extended productus: produced, lengthened profusus: profuse prolifera: producing offshoots, bearing abnormal supernumerary parts prolificus: prolific, fruitful propendens: hanging down propinquus: related, near to prostratus: prostrate, lying flat


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prostratus to religiosus protrusus: protruding provincialis: provincial; or of Provence, southern France pruinatus: pruinose pruinosus: pruinose, with a hoary or frost-like bloom prunifolius: plum-leaved pruriens: itching pseud- pseudo- : in combination means false, not genuine, not the true or the typical, as Pseudotsuga, false tsuga psittacinus: of the parrot pubens: downy puberulus: puberulous, somewhat pubescent pubescens: downy pudicus: bashful, retiring, shrinking pulchellus: pretty, beautiful pulcher: handsom, beautiful pulcherrimus: very handsome pullus: dark colored, dusky, almost black pulverulentus: powdered, dust-covered pulvinatus: cushioned, cushion-like pumilus: dwarf punctatissimus: most spotted, very spotted punctatus: punctate, dotted pungens: piercing, sharp-pointed puniceus: reddish purple purpuraceus: purple purpurascens: purplish, becoming purple purpuratus: purple purpureus: purple pusillus: very small, insignificant pycnacanthus: densely spined pycnanthus: densely flowered pygmaeus: pigmy pyramidalis: pyramidal pyrenaicus: of the Pyreneese pyrifolius: pear-leaved pyriformis: Pyrus-formed, pear-shaped

— Q — quadrangularis: quadrangular, four-angled quadrangulatus: four-angled quadratus: in fours or four, squared quadricolor: of four colors quadridentatus: four-toothed

quadrifidus: four-cut quadrifolius: four-leaved quadripartitus: four-parted quadrivalvis: four-valved quercifolius: Quercus-leaved, oak-leaved quercinus: of Quercus the oak quintatus: quinate, in fives quinquecolor: five-colored quinqueflorus: five-flowered quinquefolius: five-leaved quinquelocularis: five-loculed, of five cells or compartments quinquenervis: five-nerved quinquepunctatus: five-spotted

— R — racemiflorus: raceme-flowered racemosus: racemose, flowers in racemes radiatus: radiate, rayed radicans: rooting radicosus: many-rooted radicum: of roots radiosus: radiate, with many rays ramentaceus: bearing a hair-like covering ramiflorus: with branching inflorescence ramosissimus: most- or much-branched ramosus: branched ranifera: bearing frogs rapaceus: pertaining to rape or turnips rariflorus: scattered-flowers, with flowers loose or few rarus: rare, uncommon raucus: hoarse, raw reclinatus: reclined, bent back rectus: straight, upright recurvatus: recurved redivivus: restored, brought to life reduplicatus: duplicated again, doubled again, redoubled reflexus: bent back refractus: broken, broken in pieces refulgens: brightly shining, reflecting light or color regalish: regal, royal regina: queen regius: regal, royal, kingly, pertaining to a king religiosus: used for religious purposes, venerated


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remotus to scabrellus remotus: remote, with parts distant reniformis: reniform, kidney-shaped repandus: repand, with margin wavy repens: repent, creeping reptans: creeping resectus: cut off, curtailed, pruned resinosus: resin-bearing, full of resin reticulatus: reticulate, netted, net-veined retortus: twisted back retroflexus: reflexed retusus: retuse, notched slightly at a rounded apex reversus: reversed, end-for-end revolutus: revolute, rolled backward from the margins rex: king rhamnifolius: Rhamnus-leaved, buckthorn- leaved rhizophyllus: root-leaved, acaulescent rhodanthus: rose-flowered rhodochilus: rose-lipped or –margined rhodocintus: rose-girdled rhodoneurus: red-nerved rhomboideus: rhomboidal ricinifolius: Ricinus-leaved, with leaves of castor-oil plant rigidulus: somewhat stiff or rigid rigidus: rigid, stiff ringens: ringent, gaping, open-mouthed riparius: of river banks rivalis: pertaining to brooks rivularis: brook-loving robustus: robust, stout rosaceus: rose-like rostratus: rostrate, beaked rosularis: rosulate, in rosettes rotatus: rotate, wheel-shaped rotundifolius: round-leaved rotundus: rotund, round rubellus: reddish rubens: red, rudy ruber: red, ruddy ruberrimus: very red rubescens: reddish, becoming red rubiaefolius: rubus- or bramble-leaved rubicundus: rubicund, red rubiginosus: rusty

rubricaulis: red-stemmed rubrifolius: red-leaved rubronervis: red-veined rufinervis: red-nerved rufus: red, reddish rugosus: rugose, wrinkled runcinatus: runcinate, rotrorsely or backwardly incised or toothed rupestris: rock-loving rupicolus: growing on cliffs or ledges rusticus: rustic, belonging to the country ruthenicus: Ruthenian, Russian rutilans: red, becoming red

— S — saccatus: saccate, bag-like saccharatus: containing sugar, sweet saccharifera: sugar-bearing saccharinus: saccharine saccharum: sugar saccifera: bag-bearing sachalinensis: of Saghalien Island (N. Japan) sagittalis: of the arrow, sagittate sagittatus: sagittate, arrow-like sagittifolius: arrow-leaved salicifolius: salix-leaved, willow-leaved salicinus: willow-like salignus: of the willow salinus: salty sambucinus: sambucus- or elder-like sanctus: holy sandwicensis: of the Sandwich or Hawaiian Isles sanguineus: bloody, blood-red sapidus: savory, pleasing to taste sapientum: of the wise men or authors saponaccus: soapy sarcodes: flesh-like sarmaticus: of Sarmatia, (an ancient territory in S. Russia and Poland) sarmentosus: sarmentose, bearing runners sativus: cultivated saurocephalus: lizard-headed saxatilis: found among rocks saxicolus: growing among rocks saxosus: full of rocks scaber: scabrous, rough scabrellus: somewhat scabrous


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scandens to spectrum scandens: scandent, climbing scaposus: with scapes sceptrum: of a scepter schizoneurus: cut-nerved schizopetalus: cut-petaled schizophyllus: cut-leaved scholaris: pertaining to a school sclerocarpus: hard-fruited sclerophyllus: hard-leaved scotia: Scotch, of Scotland sculptus: carved scutellaris: salver- or dish-shaped scutum: a shield sebifera: tallow-bearing segetum: of cornfeilds semialatus: semi-winged, half or somewhat winged semicaudatus: semi- or somewhat cylindrical simepinnatus: half or imperfectly pinnate semperflorens: ever flowering sempervirens: ever green senilis: senile, old, white-haired sensibilis: endowed with feeling, sensitive sensitivus: sensitive sepiarius: pertaining to hedges sepium: of hedges or fences septangularis: seven-angled septemlobus: seven-lobed septempunctatus: seven-spotted septentrionalis: northern, belonging to the north sepultus: sepulchered, interred sericous: silky serotinus: late, late-flowering or late-ripening serpens: creeping, crawling serpentinus: of snakes, serpentine, looping or waving serratifolius: serrated-leaved, saw-edged-leaved serratus: serrate, saw-toothed serrulatus: serrulate, somewhat serrate sesquipedalis: one foot and a half long or high sessiflorus: sessile-flowered, without peduncle or stalk

sessifolius: sessile-leaved, without petiole sessilifolius: sessile-leaved sessilis: sessile, stalkless, sitting setaceus: setaceous, bristle-like setigera: bristly, bristle-bearing setosus: setose, full of bristles sibiricus: of Siberia signatus: marked, designated, attested sikkimensis: of Sikhim or Sikkim (N. India) siliceus: pertaining to or growing in sand siliculsus: bearing silicles silvaticus: pertaining to woods, sylvan; sometimes sylvaticus silvestris: pertainig to woods simplex: simple, unbranched simplicicaulis: simple-stemmed simplicifolius: simple-leaved simplicissimus: simplest, very unbranched simulans: similar to , resembling sinensis: Chinese, of China sinicus: Chinese sinuatus: sinuate, wavy-margined sinuosus: sinuate sitchensis: belonging to Sitka, Alaska smaragdinus: of emerald smilacinus: of smilax sobolifera: bearing creeing rooting stems or shoots socialis: sociable, companionable socotranus: of the island of Socotra (South of Arabia) solaris: solar, of the sun solidus: solid, dense, not hollow somnifera: sleep-producing sordidus: dirty, unclean, foul spadiceus: with a spadix sparsiflorus: sparsely or few-flowered sparsifolius: sparsley or few-leaved sparsus: sparse, scattered, few sparteus: pertaining to the broom sparthaceus: with spathe spathulatus: spatulate, spoon-shaped, narrow toward the base from a rounded top speciosissimus: very showy speciosus: showy, good looking spectabilis: spectacular, worth seeing, remarkable, showy spectandus: showy spectrum: an image, apparition


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sphacelatus to subsinuatus sphacelatus: dead, withered, diseased sphaericus: spherical sphaerocarpus: spherical-fruited sphaerocephalus: spherical-headed sphaeroides: sphere-like sphaerosthacyus: spherical-spiked spicatus: spicate, with spikes spicigera: spike-bearing spine: strong, stiff, sharp-pointed outgrowth on a stem, leaf or other organ spinosissimus: most or very spiny spinosus: full of spines spinulifera: bearing small spines spinulosus: somewhat or weakly spiny spiralis: spiral spirellus: a spiral, little spiral splendens: splendid splendidissimus: very splendid splendidus: splendid spumarius: frothing, of froth or spume spurius: spurious, false, bastard squalens: daubed, filthy squamatus: squamate, with squamae or small scale-like leaves or bracts squamosus: squamate, full of scales squarrosus: squarrose, with parts spreading or even recurved at ends stamineus: bearing prominent stamens stans: standing, erect, upright stauracenthus: with spines cross-shaped stellaris: starry stellulatus: of little stars stellatus: stellate, starry stenocephalus: narrow-headed stenogynus: with narrow stigmastenopetalus: narrow-petaled stenophyllus: narrow-leaved stenopterus: narrow-winged sterilis: sterile, infertile stigmaticus: marked, of stigma stigmosus: much marked, pertaining to stigma stipulaceus: stipuled, with stipules stipularis: stipuled stipulatus: stipuled stolonifera: bearing stolons or runners that take root

stramineus: straw-colored strangulatus: strangled, constricted streptocarpus: twisted-fruited streptopetalus: with petals twisted streptophyllus: somewhat twisted leaves striatus: striated, striped strictiflorus: strict- or stiff-flowered strictus: strict, upright, erect strigillosus: somewhat strigose strigosus: strigosus, covered with sharp straight appressed hairs strigulosus: beset with small or week appressed hairs striolatus: striolate, somewhat or faintly striped strobilifera: cone-bearing strumarius: of tumors or ulcers strumatus: with tumors or ulcers stylosus: with style or styles prominent styracifluus: flowering with storax or gum suaveolens: sweet-scented suavis: sweet, agreeable suavissimus: sweetest, very sweet-scented subacaulis: somewhat stemmed, nearly stemless subalpinus: subalpine, nearly alpine subauriculatus: somewhat or rather auricled or eared subcarnosus: nearly or rather fleshy subcordatus: partially or imperfectly or somewhat cordate subedenatus: nearly toothless suberculatus: of cork, corky suberectus: somewhat or rather erect suberosus: cork-barked, full of cork subfalcatus: somewhat falcate subglaucus: somewhat or to some degree glaucous subhirtellus: somewhat hairy sublunatus: somewhat lunate or crescent-shaped submersus: submerged, underwater subperennis: imperfectly or nearly perennial subpetiolatus: somewhat or partially petioled subsessilis: nearly sessile, not completely sessile subsinuatus: somewhat sinuate or wavy-margined


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subterraneus to tinctorius subterraneus: subterranean, underground subulatus: subulate, awl-shaped subumbellatus: somewhat or incompletely umbellate subvillosus: somewhat villose or soft-hairy subvolubilis: somewhat twining succulentus: succulent, fleshy suecicus: Swedish, of Sweden suffrutescens: slightly shrubby, becoming somewhat shrubby suffruticosus: slightly shrubby sulcatus: sulcate, furrowed sulphureus: sulfur-colored sumatranus: of the Island of Sumatra superbiens: superb, proud superciliaris: eyebrow-like superfluus: superfluous, redundant surculosus: producing suckers surinamensis: belonging to Surinam (Dutch Guiana) susianus: of the province of Susiana (Persia) suspensus: suspended, hung sylvaticus: sylvan, forest-loving (also written silvaticus) sylvestris: of woods or forest sylvicolus: growing in woods syphiliticus: syphilitic syriacus: Syrian, of Syria systylus: with styles joined

— T — tabularis: pertaining to tablets tabuliformis: tablet-formed taedigera: torch-bearing, resin-bearing taraxicifolius: Taraxicum- or dandelion-like tardiflorus: late-flowered tardivus: tardy, late tataricus: of Tartary (old name for Central Asia) taureus: of oxen tauricus: Taurian, Crimean taurinus: bull-like taxifolius: Taxus-leaved, yew-leaved tectorum: of roofs or houses tectus: concealed temulentus: drunken

tenacissimus: most tenacious tenax: tenacious, strong tenebrosus: of dark or shaded places tenellus: slender, tender, soft tener: slender, tender, soft tentaculatus: with tentacles or short projecting parts tenuicaulis: slender stemmed tenuiflorus: slender-flowered tenuifolius: slender-leaved tenuilobus: slender-lobed tenuior: more slender tenuis: slender, thin tenuissimus: very slender, very thin terebinthinus: of turpentine teres: terete, circular in cross-section teretifolius: terete-leaved terminalis: terminal, at the end of stem or branch ternatus: in threes, ternate ternifolius: with leaves in threes terrestris: of the earth, terrestrial tessellatus: tessellate, laid off in squares or in dice-like pattern testaceus: light-brown, brick-colored; also testaceous, bearing a prominent testa or seed-coat testiculatus: testiculated, testicled testudinarius: like a tortoise-shell tetracanthus: four-spined tetragonus: four-angled tetrandrus: four-anthered tetranthus: four-flowered tetraphyllus: four-leaved tetrapterus: four-winged tetraquetrus: four-cornered texanus, texensis: of Texas, belonging to Texas theifera: tea-bearing thermalis: warm, of warm springs thorn: sharp, woody, spinelike outgrowth, from the wood of a stem; usually a reduced, modified branch; compare Prickle thuyoides: like Thuja or arborvitae thyrsiflorus: thyrse-flowered thrysoideus: thryse-like tibicinis: of a flute player tigrinus: tiger-striped tinctorius: belonging to dyers, of dyes


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tinctus to unicolor tinctus: dyed tipuliformis: of the shape of a daddy long-legs tomentosus: tomentose, matted-pubescent torminalis: useful against colic torosus: torose, cylindrical with contractions at certain places or at intervals tortillis: twisted torulosus: somewhat torose toxicarius: poisonous toxicus: poisonous toxifera: poison-producing transparens: transparent trapeziformis: trapezium-formed, a four- sided figure of which no two sides are alike trapezoides: trapezium-like tremuloides: like Tremulus, like trembling poplar tremulus: quivering, trembling triacanthus: three-spined triandrus: with three anthers or stamens triangularis: three-angled triangulatus: three-angled triangulus: three-angular tricaudatus: three-tailed trichophyllus: hairy-leaved trichosanthus: hairy-flowered trichospermus: hairy-seeded trichotomus: thrice branched or forked tricolor: three-colored tricornis: three-horned tricuspidatus: three-cusped, three-pointed tridactylus: three-fingered tridens: with three theeth tridentatus: three-toothed trifasciatus: three-banded trifidus: three-parted triflorus: three-flowered trifoliatus: three-leaved trifoliolatus: three-leafleted trifolius: three-leaved trifurcatus: trifurcate, thrice-forked trilineatus: three-lined trilobatus: three-lobed trimestris: of three months trinervis: three-nerved trinotatus: three-marked or –spotted

tripartitus: three-parted tripetalus: three-petaled triphyllus: three-leaved tripteris: three-winged tripunctatus: three-spotted triqueterus: three-cornered tristis: sad, bitter, dull triternatus: triternate, thrice in threes triumphans: triumphant trivialis: common, ordinary, very frequent, found everywhere tropicus: of the tropics truncatulus: somewhat or partially truncate truncatus: truncate, cut off square tuberculatus: tuberculate, with tubercles or small tubers tuberculosus: tubercled, knotted tuberosus: tuberous tubiflorus: tube-flowered tubispathus: tube-spathed tubulosus: tubulose, with tubes tulipifera: tulip-bearing tumidus: swollen turbinatus: turbinate, top-shaped turgidus: turgid, inflated, full typhinus: smoky or dull; perhaps pertaining to fever typicus: typical, conforming to the standard or norm

— U — ulicinus: like the gorse or furze (Ulex) uliginosus: of wet or marshy places ulmifolius: Ulmus-leaved, elm-leaved umbellalatus: with umbellets umbellatus: with umbels umbonatus: bossed, bearing at center an umbo or stout projection umbraculifera: umbrella-bearing, shade-producing umbrosus: shaded, shade-loving uncinatus: hooked at the point undatus: waved undecimpunctatus: eleven-spotted undulatifolius: undulate-leaved undulatus: undulated, wavy unguiculatus: unguiculate, clawed unguipetalus: petals clawed unicolor: one-colored


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unicornis to volgaricus unicornis: one-horned unidentatus: one-toothed uniflorus: one-flowered unilateralis: one-sided univittatus: one-striped urceolatus: urn-shaped urens: burning, stinging urentissimus: very burning, very stinging urophyllus: tail-leaved urostachyus: tail-spiked ursinus: pertaining to bears urticifolius: nettle-leaved (Urtica) usitatissimus: most useful ustulatus: burnt, sere utilis: useful utilissimus: most useful utriculatus: utriculate, with a utricle or small bladdery one-seeded fruit utriculosus: utricled uvifera: grape-bearing

— V — vagans: wandering, vagabondish vaginalis: vaginate, sheathed vaginatus: sheathed valdivianus, valdiviensis: Valdivian, of the province of Valdivia (Chile) valentinus: Valentian, of Valentia (in Spain) valifus: strong variabilis: variable, of many forms varians: variable variatus: variable variegatus: variegate variiformis: of variable or many forms varius: various, diverse vastator (femine vasatrix): ravagig, devastating vegetatus: full of growth, vigorous vegetus: vigorous velaris: pertaining to curtains or veils velutinus: velvety venenatus: poisonous venosus: veiny ventricosus: ventricose, swelling or inflated on one side or unevenly venustus: handsome, charming verecundus: modest, blushing

vermiculatus: worm-like, or like worm tracks vernalis: vernal vernicifera: varnish-bearing vernus: of spring, vernal verrucosus: verrucose, warted versicolor: variously colored verticillaris: verticillate, whorled verticillatus: verticillate, whorled, arranged in a circle about the stem verus: the true or genuine or standard vescus: week, thin, feeble vesiculosus: with little, bladders vespertinus: of the evening, western vestitus: covered, clothed, as with hairs or pubescence vexans: puzzling, vexatious vexillarius: of the standard petal (as of pea- like flowers), with a standard villosus: villous, soft-hairy viminalis: of osiers, of basket willows vimineus: of osiers or wicker-work vinifera: wine-bearing vinosus: full of wine violaceus: violet violescens: somewhat violet-colored or becoming so virens: green virescens: greenish, becoming green virgatus: twiggy virginalis: virgin virgineus: virgin virginicus, virginiensis: Virginian, of Virginia viridiflorus: green-flowered viridifolius: green-leaved viridis: green viridissimus: greenest, very green viridulus: greenish viscidulus: somewhat viscid viscidus: viscid, sticky viscosissimus: very sticky viscosus: viscid vitellinus: dull yellow approaching red vitifolius: Vitis-leaved, grape-leaved vittatus: striped vittigera: bearing stripes viviparus: viviparous, producing the young alive (rather than oviparous)


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volgaricus to zonatus volgaricus: Volgan, of the Volga River region (written also wolgarious) volubilis: twining voluptas: pleasure, delight volutus: rolled-leaved vulgaris: vulgar, common vulgatus: common vulpinus: of the fox

— W — wolgaricus: Volgan (see volgaricus)

— X — xanthacanthus: yellow-spined xanthinus: yellow xanthocarpus: yellow-fruited xantholeucus: yellow-white xanthophyllus: yellow-leaved

— Y — yedoensis: of Yeddo (japan) yunnanensis: of province of Yun-nan, China

— Z — zebrinus: zebra-striped zelyanicus: Ceylonian, of Ceylon, Cingalese; same as ceylanicus zonalis: zonal, zoned zonatus: zoned, banded

English Equivalents of Latin Names - Charleville...

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