Energy Transfer In Plants Changing the Sun’s Energy Into Useable, Stored Energy.
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Transcript of Energy Transfer In Plants Changing the Sun’s Energy Into Useable, Stored Energy.
Energy Transfer In Plants
Changing the Sun’s Energy Into Useable, Stored Energy
All Life Needs Energy!!
Some life uses a process called chemosynthesis to make life possible.
Bacteria can get energy from thermal vents on the ocean floor!!!
Hydrogen sulfide chemosynthesis - CO2+O2+4{H2S}→CH2O+4{S}+3{H2O}
But even this depends on photosynthesis!! (O2 from plants)
Chloroplast
Plant Cell
Sunlight
Parts of the Plant Cell
Life Needs Useable Energy
Remember!! ATP is the useable form of energy in a cell!
In order for a plant to make ATP they must perform 2 processes, Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Plants Do BOTHBOTH!!
Photosynthesis with Chloroplasts
And Cellular Respiration with Mitochondria
Where Does It Start?Photosynthesis
begins with Sunlight, when it hits the leaves of plants (and some protists or bacteria)
Photosynthesis has 3 stages
I. Capture Light Energy
II. Make Chemical Energy
III. Store Energy In Carbohydrates
Photosynthesis: Stage 1
Light hits the chloroplast and is absorbed by a pigment called chlorophyll
A pigment is any light absorbing substance
Stage 1: ContinuedIn Stage 1, the
energy from the light splits H2O into three parts: Oxygen (O2) Hydrogen Ions (H+) Electrons (e-)
Sunlight
2 H2O
O2
e-
4 H+
Chlorophyll
electron{membrane of chloroplast
Photosynthesis: Stage 2
The H+ and e- are pushed through the electron transport chain to make NADPH
NADPH is like a rechargeable battery
membrane of chloroplast
e-
NADPH
Electron Transport Chain ATP
Photosynthesis: Stage 3This stage DOES NOT require LIGHT. NADPH provides the energy to combine CO2
molecules into carbohydrates such as glucose (C6H12O6)
This process is called the “Calvin Cycle”
Calvin Cycle
CO2
ADP
ATPNADP+
NADPH
3 Carbon Sugars
Carbohydrates
Photosynthesis: The Reaction
(6) CO2 + (6) H2O C6H12O6 + (6) O2Light
Enzymes
Reactants: Carbon Dioxide & Water
Products: Glucose & Oxygen
What’s Next?
Some glucose is stored as starch.
The rest of it goes to the cytoplasm to begin to make ATP through Cellular Respiration!!