Energy Management :: 2007/2008 - ULisboa · Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management...
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Energy Management :: 2007/2008 Class # 1 Course organization and Sustainability and resource management Prof. Paulo Ferrão [email protected] Dr. João Parente [email protected]
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Transcript of Energy Management :: 2007/2008 - ULisboa · Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management...
Energy Management :: 2007/2008
Class # 1
Course organization and Sustainability and resource management
Prof. Paulo Ferrã[email protected]
Dr. João [email protected]
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 2 of 53
Course Organization
Week Dates Summary Assignement
1 10, 14 Set Sustainability and resource management
2 17, 21 Set Energy Markets OUT, 1
3 24, 28 Set Energy and environment: LCA Presentation TERM PAPER Topics
4 1, 5 Out Energy and environment: LCA OUT, 2
5 8, 12 Out Energy Services Definition Term Paper Topics
6 15, 19 Out Energy Systems modeling: Blocks OUT, 3
7 22, 26 Out Energy Systems modeling: I‐O OUT, 4
8 29 Out, 2 Nov Energy Management in Industry
9 5, 9 Nov Main Energy Transformation Equipments Characterization, energy audits OUT, 5
10 12, 16 Nov Energy Management Systems in Industry
11 19, 23 Nov Integration of Energy Systems: Demand side management. OUT, 6
12 26, 30 Nov Energy Efficiency, tools and practice
13 3, 7 Dez Energy efficiency in buildings
14 10, 14 Dez The role of renewables
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 3 of 53
Evaluation
Contribution to the final classification
6 Assignments 3% each
1 Term paper 22 %
1 Exam 60 %
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 4 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Up to the 18th Century
Fisiocrats(Quesnay, Turgot)
Land, agriculture, Natural Resources
Farmers Crop value Main production factor
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 5 of 53
Producers Consumenrs
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
Natural Ecosystem
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 6 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 18th Century and middle 19th Century
Adam Smith, Karl Marx
Work on Manufacturing
Companies and commerce
Objective assets, capital
Secondary production factor, supporting labor
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 7 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
End of the 19th Century, 20th Century
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development
Market and companies
Different subjective values determined by market
Value totally overcome by capital and labour
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 8 of 53
Era Schoool Main Productivity factors
MainActors
Wealthperception
Perception of Environment
Contemporary Multifactors Markets, companies and technologies
GDP
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 500 1000 1500 2000Ano
Impo
rtân
cia
rela
tiva
EnvironmentLaborCapital
Unemployment and overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources
Human development and resource productivity
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 9 of 53
Época School Main productivity factors
Main actors
Perception of wealth
Perception of environment
Up to the 18th Century
Fisiocratas (Quesnay, Turgot)
Land, agriculture, Natural Resources
Farmers Crop value Main production factor
End of the 18th Century and middle 19th Century
Adam Smith, Karl Marx
Work on Manufacturing
Companies and commerce
Objective assets, capital
Secondary production factor, supporting labor
End of the 19th Century, 20th Century
Neoclassics Labor: manufacturing, administration, research and development
Market and companies
Sum of different sujective valuespelo mercado
Value totally overcome by capital and labour
Contemporary Multifactors Market, companies and technology
GDP
Unemployment and overexploitation of environment are factors that determin the major relevance of the Productivitity of Natural Resources
Adapted from Bleischwitz (2001) “Rethinking productivity: Why has productivity focused on labor instead of natural resources? Environmental and resource economics,19.
Evolution of the productivity factors
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 10 of 53
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusualCompliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Process orientedProcess oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 11 of 53
MSW
EEE
Car
Components ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Waste
Environment
ResourcesResources
Life cycle thinking
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 12 of 53
MSW
Others
EEEProduct
Life C
ycle
Space
Environment
Car
Components ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Resources Waste
Life cycle thinking
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 13 of 53
IndustrialIndustrial EcologyEcologyCreating loop closing
industrial ecosystemsPromoting waste exchangesCascading energy utilization
Systems OrientedSystems Oriented
Extended product Extended product responsabilityresponsability
Eco-efficiencyDesign for EnvironmentLife Cycle Assessment
LCA
Product orientedProduct oriented
BusinessBusiness--asas--usualusualCompliance with regulationPollution prevention
EIA, Energy audits, Envir. audits
Process orientedProcess oriented
Historical pattern of Environmental strategiesHistorical pattern of Environmental strategies Time and Time and SpaceSpace
Historical pattern of Environmental Strategies
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 14 of 53
Others
MSW
EEE
CarComponents
ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Incinera
tion
Landfill
Resource
s
Recyc
lingEnvironmental
SphereI.E
. Tec
h.
I.E. T
ech.
Shredd
er
Shredd
er
Product
Life C
ycle
Space
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 15 of 53
Others
MSW
EEE
CarComponents
ManufacturingComponents
Manufacturing AssemblyAssembly UseUse
Incinera
tion
Landfill
Resource
s
Recyc
ling
I.E. T
ech.
I.E. T
ech.
Shredd
er
Shredd
er
Product
Life C
ycle
Space
BulkBulk-- MFAMFA
LCALCA
SFASFA MFAMFA
TOOLS
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 16 of 53
Producers Consumenrs
DecomposersNutrients reservoir
Energy
Nutrients
Natural Ecosystem
ECONOMYMETABOLISM
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 17 of 53
Materials Flow Analysis
Economy
AirWater
Air Water
* Matthews et al. (2000)
Stocks
Imports Exports
ENVIRONMENT
Environmentalburdens
DMITMRDomesticextraction
Domesticoutput
Foreign hidden flows
Domestic hidden flows
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 18 of 53
Portugal in the European Context
Adapted from Bringezu and Schütz, 2000, Total Material Requirement of the European Union, European Environment Agency, Technical report No 55.
(1988-1997)
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 19 of 53
A new Kuznets Curve ?
itititit yydmi εβββ +++= 2210
Canas, A., Ferrão, P. and Conceição, P. (2003) “A new environmental kuznets curve? Relationship between direct material input and income per capita: evidence from industrialized countries”. Ecological Economics. Volume 46, Issue 2, September 2003 , Pages 217-229.
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 20 of 53
S. Niza and P. Ferrão (2005) “ Metabolism of a transitional economy: The Portuguese case study”. Resources, Conservation and Recycling.
Metabolism of the Portuguese Economy, Year 2000
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 21 of 53
Primary Energy Supply
Source: http://www.snowman-jim.org/science/images
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 22 of 53
Primary Energy Supply :: Regional Shares of TPES
OECD - Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(Europe) Austria; Belgium; Czech Republic; Denmark; Finland; France; Germany; Greece; Hungary; Iceland; Ireland; Italy; Luxembourg; Netherlands; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Slovak Republic; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey; United Kingdom; (rest of the world) Australia; Canada; Japan; Korea; Mexico; New Zealand ;United States
*Excludes electricity and heat trade.**Asia excludes China.
Source: IEA, 2007
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 23 of 53
Primary Energy Supply :: Fuel Shares of TPES
*Excludes electricity and heat trade.**Other includes geothermal, solar, wind, heat, etc.
toe - tones of oil equivalent Source: IEA, 2007
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 24 of 53
Primary Energy Supply :: Oil
Source: BP, 2007
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 25 of 53
Primary Energy Supply in Portugal
Source: http://www.eco.edp.pt/image/Empresas.jpg
http://idgnow.uol.com.br/idgimages/galerias/energia_das_ondas/energia_ondas_01.jpg
Source: http://www.ge.com/es/docs/442700_Serpa.jpg
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 26 of 53
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Others (2)Electricity (1)Natural GasOilCoal
16%
66%
5%
13%
Primary Energy Supply in Portugal:: Total Primary Energy Supply by fuel
13%
57%
13%
6%
11%
1990
2004
Total Primary Energy Supply by fuelkTOE
(1) 1GWh = 86 TOE(2) Includes wood, wastes, biogas and thermal solar heat after 2005
Source: DGGE, 2007
14%
86%
net imports
domestic production2004
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 27 of 53
Energy Transformation :: Electricity Production
Source: http://www.fenco-era.net/
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 28 of 53
11.0%
85.0%
0.2%
3.8%
34.1%
65.7%
0.1%0.1%
0
5 000
10 000
15 000
20 000
25 000
30 000
35 000
40 000
45 000
50 000
1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
PhotovoltaicGeothermalWindThermalHydro
Energy Transformation :: Electricity Production in Portugal
Total electricity production by sourceGWh
Source: DGGE, 2007
1994
2005
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 29 of 53
Energy Demand
Source: SUSTAINABLE ENERGY - ENERGY USES IN DIFFERENT COUNTRIES, Prof. Michael W. Golay, MIT - Nuclear Engineering Dept. 2007
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 30 of 53
Energy Demand :: Consumption per capita
Source: BP, 2007
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 31 of 53
Energy Demand :: Regional consumption pattern
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 32 of 53
Ecological Footprint
The
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT is a resource management tool that measures how much land and water area a human population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its wastes under prevailing technology.
• The Ecological Footprint, human demand, and biocapacity, ecosystem supply, are both measured in units of global hectares, a hectarenormalized to the average productivity of all bioproductive hectares on Earth.
• As of 2003, there are approximately 11.2 billion global hectares of area available. In that same year, humanity demanded products and services from the equivalent of 14.1 billion global hectares.
• Excel file
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 33 of 53
Ecological Footprint
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
Energy Management
Class # 1 :: Sustainability and resource management Slide 34 of 53
Ecological Footprint
Available in: http://www.footprintnetwork.org
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