Energy 102 Electrical Energy Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical...
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Transcript of Energy 102 Electrical Energy Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical...
![Page 1: Energy 102 Electrical Energy Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical Energy.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032803/56649e425503460f94b340c0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Energy 102Electrical Energy
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Energy 101: The BasicsCovered
• 8 Forms of Energy• Primarily Chemical Energy
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Electrical Energy
• Secondary Form of Energy• Can Not Exist on Its Own• Must be Produced or Stored by Another
Form
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Electrical Energy• Not Static Electricity• Electrons on the Move
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Primary Energy Forms
• Chemical
• Radiant
• Mechanical
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100 % Satisfaction Guarantee
Five Times More Energy Educated
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Grading SystemFinal Exam
Class Participation
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Reliable Electrical Energy
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Early Telegraph Systems
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Powered EarlyTelegraph and Telephone Systems
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Alexandra Volta
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Voltaic Pile – Battery Invented 1800
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Zinc Gains 2 Extra ElectronsNegative
Copper Loses 2 ElectronsPositive
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Batteries are Everywhere
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Storage BatteriesExpensive Today
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Electric Car Batteries
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Photovoltaic Cell
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PV Cell Efficiency
7 % – 17 %Most of the Incoming Radiant
Transformed into Thermalor Reflected
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Total 2012 U.S. Energy from PV Systems
0.1%
Twice as Expensive as Natural Gas, Coal, or Nuclear
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Super PV Cells• Cheaper to Manufacturer• More Efficient Transforming
Radiant Energy into Electrical
Laws of PhysicsMay Prevent or Allow
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Tracking the Sun
20% more in winter
50% more in summer
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Anti – Reflective Coating
33% absorption without coating96 % absorption with coating
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99% of U.S. Electricity
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Primary Energy Forms for Electrical Energy
Radiant and Chemical – 1%Mechanical – 99%
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Electrical Generator
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Michael Faraday1791-1867
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Michael Faraday - 1831
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Joseph Henry1797 - 1878
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Hand Generators
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Early Generatorsmid 1800s
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Thomas Edison
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Pearl Street Station, New York - 1882
85 Customers400 Lamps
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Pearl Street Station New York – 1882-4
Customers85-508Lamps
400 - 10,164
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Electric Power – 40%2012 U.S. Energy Demand
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Thermal Power Plants2012 U.S. Electricity Production
• Coal – 42% • Natural Gas – 25%• Nuclear – 19%• Petroleum – 1%• Biomass 3%• Geothermal 0.3%
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Spins 60 Times a Second in the Americas
Most of the World - 50 cycles per second
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Energy ConversionThermal Power Plants
• 1/3 to Electrical Energy • 2/3 to Thermal Energy
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Cogeneration
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Hydroelectric Power – 4 %Up to 90% Efficient
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Wind Power - 3 %U.S. Electricity
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Turbine EfficiencyMechanical to Electrical Energy
• Average - 20%• Perfect Wind Speed – 50%
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Electric Grid
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Alexander Volta
André-Marie Ampere
James Watt
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Low Amperage
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Higher Amperage
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1 Amp
6.2×1018 Electrons per second
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Voltage – Push on Electrons
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Power = Voltage x Current
P = VI
Watts = Volts x Amps
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500 Watt Hair Dryer
500W = 120V x II = 500W/110V
I = 4.2A
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Electric Grid
Output Voltage - 11- 25kVPower Output 100 - 1,400 MW
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7% Conversion intoThermal Energy
Step up Voltage 10-30 timeswill
Reduce Current 10-30 times
Reduce Current by only 10 times Reduces Thermal Losses by 100
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Reduce Collisions
Reduce Thermal Losses in Power Lines
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Transformers
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P = VI MW = (10)V (1/10)I
1/100 Thermal Energy Losses
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Electric Grid
Step Up 10-30 Times to 138KV – 765 KV
11-25 KV
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Electric Grid
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Electric Grid
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Electric Grid
120V and 240V
2400V
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Electric Grid
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Switching to Satellite
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Energy 102 Final Exam
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Thermal energy changes water into high pressure steam to turn a
turbine and generator at 60 cycles per second.
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Generator Produces Electrical Energy
11KV – 25 KV
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To Reduce Thermal LossesTransformers Step Up Voltage
10-30 times
Reducing Current 10-30 times
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High Voltage Transmission Lines
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Substation Steps Down Voltage and Increases Current
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Distribution Lines into Neighborhoods
Above and Below Ground
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Once in the NeighborhoodStepped Down to 120V and 240V
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Transformation from Electrical Energy
into Thermal and Radiant Energy
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Radiant and Chemical Energy Produce
Chemical Reaction on Surface of the Bread
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Final GradeQuintuple or More – A Money Back Retake Energy 102
![Page 74: Energy 102 Electrical Energy Energy 101: The Basics Covered 8 Forms of Energy Primarily Chemical Energy.](https://reader030.fdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032803/56649e425503460f94b340c0/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
Thank You, Energy 102 Instructors!