8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

1

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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2

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3 bY tHE nuMBERS

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3 positions up for grabs

4 MAP vote rich provinces

5 MAP poorest provinces

6 WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOME

7 INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENT

8 IRA DEPENDENCY

9 ARMM A Backgrounder

11 election violence in armm

11 consistent election

hotspots in armm

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF SOURCESQuickSearch

COMELECPhilippine National Police

Department of Interior and Local GovernmentiNewsGMA News Online

ARMM website

National Statistical Coordination BoardOfficial Gazette (wwwgovph)Supreme Court

DOPF-BLGF

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3

PARTY-LIST SEATS NOT YET INCLUDED IN THE COUNT

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

5

The poorest provinces are mostly locatedin Mindanao

Luzon has three provinces in thepoorest cluster

Likewise Visayas alsohas three provincesin the poorest cluster

5

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

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8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

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10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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2

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3 bY tHE nuMBERS

LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3 positions up for grabs

4 MAP vote rich provinces

5 MAP poorest provinces

6 WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOME

7 INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENT

8 IRA DEPENDENCY

9 ARMM A Backgrounder

11 election violence in armm

11 consistent election

hotspots in armm

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LIST OF SOURCESQuickSearch

COMELECPhilippine National Police

Department of Interior and Local GovernmentiNewsGMA News Online

ARMM website

National Statistical Coordination BoardOfficial Gazette (wwwgovph)Supreme Court

DOPF-BLGF

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3

PARTY-LIST SEATS NOT YET INCLUDED IN THE COUNT

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

5

The poorest provinces are mostly locatedin Mindanao

Luzon has three provinces in thepoorest cluster

Likewise Visayas alsohas three provincesin the poorest cluster

5

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 712

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 812

8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 312

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

3

PARTY-LIST SEATS NOT YET INCLUDED IN THE COUNT

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 412

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 512

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

5

The poorest provinces are mostly locatedin Mindanao

Luzon has three provinces in thepoorest cluster

Likewise Visayas alsohas three provincesin the poorest cluster

5

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 612

6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 712

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 412

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 512

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

5

The poorest provinces are mostly locatedin Mindanao

Luzon has three provinces in thepoorest cluster

Likewise Visayas alsohas three provincesin the poorest cluster

5

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 512

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

5

The poorest provinces are mostly locatedin Mindanao

Luzon has three provinces in thepoorest cluster

Likewise Visayas alsohas three provincesin the poorest cluster

5

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 812

8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 612

6

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

New LGUs

created by the

15th Congress(2010-2013)

NEW PROVINCE

DAVAO OCCIDENTAL

NOTE There are no provincialcandidates for Davao Occidentalin the 2013 elections because the

new provinces creation has yetto be ratified through a plebiscite

President Aquino signed intolaw RA 10360 creating theprovince of Davao Occidental in

January 2013 Pending itsapproval via a plebiscite the lawcarves out five municipalities from

Davao del Sur (Sta Maria MalitaDon Marcelino Jose Abad San-tos and Sarangani) to create a

new province

RA 10360 came from HB 4451authored by Davao del Sur 1st

District Rep Marc Douglas Ca-gas IV The two-term congress-man is running for Davao del Sur

governor in the 2013 electionshoping to win the post his fatherDouglas Cagas currently holds

Provincial board memberMercedes Cagas Rep Cagassmother is vying for his seat in

Congress

NEW CITIES(municipalities convertedinto cities)

Bacoor City Cavite Imus City Cavite

Cabuyao City Laguna Mabalacat City Pampanga Ilagan City Isabela

DISTRICT Quezon City 5th District Quezon City

LEGAL

BASIS

RA 10170 carved out two new district

from a portion of Quezon City 2nd Dist

MAIN

AUTHOR

Quezon City 2nd District Rep Winston Ca

(reelectionist seeks a second term in 20

NOTES

Running against Castelo for the Quezon City 2ncongressional seat is Ismael Mathay III himselfrepresentative of the district (he held the post f

from 2001-2004)

Former Quezon City 2nd District representativeDante Liban and Mary Ann Susano now seek to

represent Quezon City 5th District

House Speaker Feliciano Belmontes nephew

Kit Belmonte is the lone candidate for thecongressional seat of the newly-created 6th Dis

Winston Castelos brother Melencio Bobby C

is running for 6th District councilor Winstons nKarl Edgar Castelo is running for 5th District co(neither Bobby nor Karl Edgar currently hold e le

N e w

L E G I S L A T I V E D I S T R I C T S

WHERE LGUs GET THEIR INCOMELGUs get their income from what they generate (local sources)

and what they receive from the national government and othersources (external sources)

Local sources

real property tax business tax

other taxes regulatory fees serviceuser charges

receipts from sale ofassets debt securities

receipts from loans and

borrowings

External sources

internal revenue allotment (IRA) other shares from

national tax collections(eg tobacco excise taxVAT mining)

inter-local transfer extraordinary receipts

grantsdonationsaids

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

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8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 712

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

7

ct North Cotabato Palawan 3rd District Bukidnon 4th District

RA 10177 reapportioned

the province from two

to three districts

RA 10171 reapportionedPalawan from 2 to 3 districts

the new third district includes

Puerto Princesa Cityand Aborlan town

RA 10184 reapportioned

the province from 3 to 4 districts

North Cotabato 2nd District

Rep Nancy Catamco(reelectionist

seeks a second term in 2013)

Palawan 2nd District

Rep Victorino Socrates(running for

vice governor in 2013)

Bukidnon 3rd DistrictRep Jose Zubiri III

(reelectionist in 2013)

)

In 2010 North CotabatoProvincial Board MemberJose Tejada sponsored a

provincial board resolutionthat called on Congressto create the 3rd District

He is now among threecandidates vying for thecongressional seat in the

newly-created district

six candidates are vying forthe congressional seat inthe newly-created Palawan

3rd District in the 2013 pollsfive are independentcandidates while one--

Puerto Princesa MayorEdward Hagedorns brotherDouglas Hagedorn--

is running under NPC

Zubiri IIIs father andbrother Jose Zubiri Jrand Migz Zubiri

respectively both filed billsproposing the creation ofBukidnon del Sur when

they were in CongressTheir proposals howeverdid not prosper

INTERNAL REVENUE ALLOTMENTIRA is the 40 share of LGUs in the National Governments (NG) internal

revenue collection Itrsquos meant to fund the basic services and facilities that theNG devolved to the LGUs Also the Local Government Code states that not

less than 20 of the LGUs IRA should be set aside for development projects

A portion of the IRA is equally distr ibuted among the LGUs However anLGUs population and land area are also taken into account in computing

how much IRA each province city municipality is entitled to (a different

formula is used to compute the IRA share of each barangay althoughpopulation is still one of the factors)

The IRA is automatically distributed to LGUs based on the followingformula 23 for provinces 23 for cities 34 for municipalities and 20

for barangays

When it comes to IRA allotment more (LGUs) isnt necessarily merrier Forinstance as more municipalities are converted into cities the number of

cities sharing the 23 IRA slice for cities also increases In effect each city will get a smaller portion of the 23 IRA slice for cities unlike before whenthere were fewer cities around

NG REVENUE COLLECTION

IRA DISTRIBUTION

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 812

8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 812

8

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

IRA dependencyWhile the Local Government Code states that LGUs

shall endeavor to be self-reliant this doesnt seem to bethe case on the ground

A review of the 2010 data from the Bureau of LocalGovernment Finance shows that majority of the LGUs inthe country are dependent on external sources particu-

larly the IRA This means that LGUs tend to just rely onautomatic allotments from the national government ratherthan exert more effort in generating their own income

2010 data show that 14 provinces are almost entirelydependent on IRA the automatic appropriation accountsfor more than 90 of these provinces operating income

In contrast most Metro Manila LGUs are far less de-pendent on IRA For instance Makati Cityrsquos IRA in 2010accounted for less than 10 of its total income

2013 IRA =P3023 BILLION

Source

2013 General appropriations ACT

NUMBER OF LGUs BY IRA DEPENDENCY (2010)

983113983122A

D983109983120983109983118D983109983118C983129 983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109983123 C983113983124983113983109983123 983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983113983109983123

90009830859999 14 8 477

80009830858999 28 24 316

70009830857999 11 22 163

60009830856999 7 13 84

50009830855999 4 12 38983138983141983148983151983159 50 2 28 94

983124983151983156983137983148983082 983094983094 983089983088983095 983089983084983089983095983090

983123983151983157983154983139983141 983111983117A 983118983141983159983155 983122983141983155983141983137983154983139983144 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110 983140983137983156983137

983154983137983156983145983151 983151983142 983113983122A 983156983151 983156983151983156983137983148 983145983150983139983151983149983141

B983137983155983141983140 983151983150983148983161 983151983150 983116983111983125983155 983159983144983145983139983144 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137

983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

983120983122983119983126983113983118C983109 983113983122A983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110

983124983119 983124983119

983113983118C983119983117

983123983157983148983157

983117983137983143983157983145983150983140983137983150983137983151

A983152983137983161983137983151

983123983137983154983137983150983143983137983150983145

D983145983150983137983143983137983156 983113983155983148983137983150983140983155

B983137983156983137983150983141983155

983123983157983154983145983143983137983151 983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983118983151983154983156983144983141983154983150 983123983137983149983137983154

983117983137983154983145983150983140983157983153983157983141

983115983137983148983145983150983143983137

983130983137983149983138983151983137983150983143983137

983140983141983148 983123983157983154

983123983151983154983155983151983143983151983150

D983137983158983137983151

D983137983158983137983151 D983141983148 983123983157983154

448774434 455994803 9842

1078632935 1101807677 9790

441754694 452769677 9757

574616046 603553299 9521

284032794 298537320 9514

212989034 225567773 9442

682017768 727799361 9371

643959778 688092707 9359

347776304 373377030 9314

443989296 476768870 9312

842073653 913003348 9223

632378257 693592889 9117

682262460 754043891 9048

768600071 849979349 9043

983154983137983150983147983145983150983143 983138983137983155983141983140 983151983150 983140983137983156983137 983142983154983151983149 66 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155

14 983152983154983151983158983145983150983139983141983155 983144983137983158983141 983150983151983156 983161983141983156 983155983157983138983149983145983156983156983141983140 983140983137983156983137 983156983151 983156983144983141 D983119983110983085B983116983111983110

PROVINCES W MORE THAN 90 IRA DEPENDENCY (2010

The problem with a system in which LGU revenue is

heavily dependent on a national allotment is that theaccountability of LGU officials to their constituents forrevenue and expenditure decisions is lessened

observed Anthony Pellegrini and Ma Cecilia Soriano intheir 2002 report to the Department of Finance A Study

to Revisit the LGU Financing Framework and Its Imple-mentation Final Report

Local officials can act as if they are spending otherpeoplersquos money and avoid the hard decisions associated

with raising revenues to cover local expenditures and justifying to the public the link between taxes andservices the authors added

In a February 2013 speech Finance Secretary CesarPurisima urged local treasurers and assessors to step uplocal tax collection efforts Purisima also said that IRA

dependence has led many LGUs to become lax on theirperformance

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 912

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

9

ARMM A Backgrounder

RA 6734 (The Organic Act for the ARMM) created

the ARMM in 1989 The regionrsquos creation wasprovided for in the 1987 Constitution

Four provinces among 13 provinces and 9 citiesin a plebiscite originally opted to be part of ARMM

Maguindanao Lanao del Sur Sulu and Tawi-Tawi

RA 9054 expanded ARMMrsquos area of autonomy

in 2001 Among 11 provinces and 14 cities that were sought for inclusion only Basilan (exceptIsabela City) and Marawi City in Lanao del Sur

voted to join ARMM in a plebiscite

Shariff Kabunsuan a new province carved outof Maguindanao was created in 2006The Supreme Court however voided the

creation of the said province in 2008

Five provinces (Basilan Lanao del Sur SuluMaguindanao and Tawi-Tawi) and two cities(Marawi and Lamitan) presently compose ARMM

In 2008 the Arroyo administration announcedthat it had formulated a framework agreementon ancestral domain with the Moro Islamic

Liberation Front (MILF) The agreementproposed the creation of the BangsamoroJuridical Entity (BJE) which covered ARMM

territories plus disputed portions of Mindanao which used to be occupied by Bangsamoro

ancestors Local officials of some territories inthe proposed BJE questioned the agreementbefore the Supreme Court saying no publicconsultations were held on the matterThe Supreme Court declared the agreement

unconstitutional

In a historic meeting on August 4 2011President Aquino met with MILF chair Al Haj

Murad in Tokyo The government and the MILFsubsequently signed a framework agreementon October 15 2012 which will lead to the

creation of Bangsamoro a new autonomous

political entity that would replace ARMM

PNoy visited the MILF stronghold in Sultan Kuda-rat Maguindanao on February 11 2013 to

launch the Sajahatra Bangsamoro Program (asocio-economic peace initiative for MILF com-munities) It was the first time a Philippine

president set foot in an MILF camp duringpeacetime

The Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) was created during the administration of former

president Corazon Aquino More than two decades later Aquinorsquos son President Noynoy Aquinowould call the ARMM ldquoa failed experimentrdquo During the latterrsquos administration the Philippine government

signed a framework agreement with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) to create a new autonomouspolitical entity in Muslim Mindanao called the Bangsamoro which would replace ARMM

IRA FOR METRO MANILA LGUs ( 2010 ]

C983113983124983129

983117983125983118983113C983113983120A983116983113983124983129983113983122A

983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983119983110 983113983122A

983124983119 983124983119983124A983116

983113983118C983119983117983109

983117983137983147983137983156983145

983137983143983157983145983143

983137983155983145983143

983137983155983137983161

983137983150983140983137983148983157983161983151983150983143

983137983150983145983148983137

983157983150983156983145983150983148983157983152983137

983157983141983162983151983150 C983145983156983161

983137983154983137983281983137983153983157983141

983137983150 983114983157983137983150

983137983154983145983147983145983150983137

983137983148983151983151983139983137983150

983137983155 983120983145983281983137983155

983137983148983141983150983162983157983141983148983137

731031789 9222050660 793

345683539 2359476044 1465

748123762 4974793126 1504

513303631 3336355182 1539

448650568 2252403514 1992

1789284469 8925433405 2005

572941866 2602513928 2201

2054878300 8876858974 2315

669983954 2714043023 2469

250827444 987790599 2539

550222550 1818600828 3026

1440932490 3630870521 3969

647325872 1602550617 4039

695850132 1690726758 4116

983137983156983141983154983151983155

983137983148983137983138983151983150

983137983158983151983156983137983155

69794567 129285749 5398

482982827 820798979 5884

365275622 593403748 6156

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1012

10

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

Candidates for ARMM governor

IN THE 2013 ELECTIONS

as of January 31 2013

Mujiv Sabbihi Hataman

Liberal Party

Yusoph Boyog Mama

Independent

Nur Pining MisuariIndependent

Elsie Orejudos

Independent

Aishah Fatima Buena Prudencio

Democratic Party of the Philippines

Pax Pakung Mangudadatu Independent

The first ARMM elections was conducted in 1990

The region has had six elections

ARMM elections are supposed to be held every three years buthave been marred by postponements Former governorsMisuari and Hussin served beyond their terms of office on

holdover capacities

Zaldy Ampatuan notably was the only ARMM governor to bereelected He was implicated in the Maguindanao massacreand was replaced by Ansaruddin Adiong as acting governor in

December 2009

The 2011 ARMM elections were postponed when President Aquino signed RA 10153 that year The said law synchronized

the ARMM elections with the 2013 elections

The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the pollspostponement in October President Aquino in Decemberappointed Former Anak Mindanao party-list representative

Mujiv Hataman ARMM officer-in-charge

Six candidates are seeking the post of ARMM governor in2013 including Hataman and former governor Misuari

ARMM has a total of 129 million registered voters as ofJanuary 14 2013

All Presidents since 1998mdashEstrada Arroyo and PNoymdash won

in ARMM President Ramos elected in 1992 only placed sec-ond to Ramon Mitra in the region

PAST ARMM ELECTIONS

983110983141983138 12

1990

983130983137983139983137983154983145983137

C983137983150983140983137983151

983108983105983124983109 983119983110 983109983116983109983107983124983113983119983118983123

983109983116983109983107983124983109983108

983111983119983126983109983122983118983119983122

983117983137983154 25

1993

983116983145983150983145983150983143983140983145983150983143983120983137983150983143983137983150983140983137983149983137983150

983123983141983152 9

1996

983118983157983154 983117983145983155983157983137983154983145

983118983151983158 26

2001

983120983137983154983151983157983147 983112983157983155983155983145983150

A983157983143 8

2005

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

A983157983143 11

2008

983130983137983148983140983161 983120983157983156983145 983125 983105983149983152983137983156983157983137983150

ARMM Elections

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1112

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

11

FAST FACTS 3 LOCAL GOVERNMENT UNITS

As of January 2013 83 out of 118 towns and cities

in ARMM are in the PNPs election watchlist of areas(EWAs) in the 2013 elections

This means 7 in 10 towns and cities in the regionare being closely monitored by authorities in therunup to the 2013 elections due to intense politicalrivalry andor occurrence of election-related violence

Three of the five ARMM provinces are in theDILGs 15 ldquopriority provinces said to be at high riskto political violence in the 2013 electionsBasilan

Maguindanao and Lanao del Sur are amongDILG considered the following as its criteria in draw-ing up its list of ldquopriority provincesrdquo presence of

private armed groups proliferation of loose firearmsintense political rivalry presence of threat groups(eg CPPNPANDF Abu Sayyaf) and presence of

criminal groupsMaguindanao of course is the site of the 2009

massacre now considered as the worst election-

related violent incident in recent Philippine history At least 27 municipalit ies in the province are in the

CONSISTENTELECTION HOTSPOTS

IN ARMM The following municipalities have

consistently figured in PNPs watchl ist in past elections from2001 to 2010

Municipalities which are also in the 2013 election watchlist

as of December 17 2012 (Source PNP-ARMM)

Malabang

Masiu

Mulondo

Pagayawan (Tatarikan)Piagapo

Poona Bayabao (Gata)

Pualas

Saguiaran

Picong (Sultan Gumander)

Tugaya

LANAO DEL SURBalabagan

Bayang

Binidayan

Butig Calanogas

Ganassi

Kapai

Lumba-Bayabao

(Maguing)

Madamba

BASILANSumisip

MAGUINDANAOSultan Kudarat

(Nuling) SULUSiasi

Tapul

election violence in armm

PNPs watchlist for the 2013 elections

Basilan recorded at least one fatal shoo tingincident and a landmine explosion during the 2010

election period alone At least 13 municipalities inBasilan are in the PNPs watchlist fo r the 2013elections

Many towns in Lanao del Sur reported failure of

elections in past election years Marawi City and 12municipalities in Lanao del Sur are in the PNPs

watchl ist for the 2013 elections

The PNP estimates that there are 7830 loosefirearms in ARMM as of December 2012 mdash the mostnumber among all the regions

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212

8142019 Eleksyon 2013 Fast Facts 3 Special Issue on LGUs and ARMM

httpslidepdfcomreaderfulleleksyon-2013-fast-facts-3-special-issue-on-lgus-and-armm 1212