Prepared by: Michelaine Mian E. Lim IV-B St. Jude Thaddeus

Module 7: Electric Circuits

HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY It comes from the Greek word ‘’elektron’’ ,

meaning ‘’amber’’ . An English scientist named William Gilbert

examined the way magnets work.

Over 150 years later, French Man Charles du Fay discovered two kinds of electric charges, positive and negative charges.

He saw the two charges push each other away, a positive and a negative charge attract each other.

William Gilbert (24 May 1544 – 30 November 1603), also known as Gilberd, was an English physician, physicist and natural philosopher.

He suggested a huge earth itself is a huge magnet with poles like ordinary magnet.

One of the originators of the term "electricity". He is regarded by some as the father of electrical engineering or electricity and magnetism.

While today he is generally referred to as William Gilbert, he also went under the name of William Gilberd

He studied about Thales, a Greek who lived 2,000 BC. Thales discovered yellowish substance called amber. When rubbed with woolen cloth attracted light weight objects, he said that these materials are glass and sulfur.

William Gilbert

SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUITS A series Circuit is one that contains more

than one piece of electrical apparatus (or resistors) connected one after another in a single line.

‘’ An example of a series circuit is a Christmas light. Because it flows in a single path.

A Parallel circuit is one where two or more pieces of electrical apparatus or resistors are connected side by side so that the current id divided between them. It operates independently of the others. Such as household appliances..

CONCEPT OF ELECTRIC CIRCUITTwo metal plates oriented parallel to each other and each being charged with an opposite type of charge - one being positive and the other being negative.

It naturally occur thus lower the potential energy of the charge. The positive plate would be the high potential location and the negative plate would be the low potential location.

NOW SUPPOSE THAT THE TWO OPPOSITELY CHARGED PLATES ARE CONNECTED BY A METAL WIRE

What would happen?

The wire serves as a sort of charge pipe through which charge can flow.

Electric circuit demonstrated by the combination of battery, light bulb and wires consists of two distinct parts: the internal circuit and the external circuit.

small light bulb, an electrochemical cell and a bare copper wire, were asked to find the four different arrangements of the three items that would result in the formation of an electric circuit that would light the bulb.

A light bulb is a relatively simple device consisting of a filament resting upon or somehow attached to two wires. The wires and the filament are conducting materials that allow charge to flow through them

ALTERNATING CURRENT CIRCUITS current & voltage have same frequency, may differ in

meaning , maximum values of each may not occur the same time.

Phase difference depends elements in circuit.

Alternating current its effective value called root mean square value or rms value

Magnitude produces heat in a resistor at the same rate as alternating current for no short circuit.

SUMMARY OF REPORT

Electricity travels along wires is electricity and in motion or current electricity.

2 kinds of electricity static – electricity @ rest & current- electricity in motion.

2 kinds of circuit (static and parallel circuit) William Gilbert is the one who discovered. Electric circuit demonstrated by the

combination of battery, light bulb and wires, all connections must be made and made by conducting materials capable of carrying charge.

Current - a flow of charge in the circuit