Election of 1860

Candidates

Origins of the American Civil War

• Issues– slavery, competing understandings of federalism,

party politics, expansionism, sectionalism, tariffs, and economics

• ex. Mex-Am War Comp of 1850

• Collapse of Second Party System– K-N Act angered everyone

• Election of 1860 culmination of events

Party Platforms•

– Pop Sov– Support Fug Slave Act

*Appealed to just about all non-southern groups

• – Non-extension of slavery– Protective tariff– No limit on rights of immigrants– Internal improvements– homesteads

• – Former Whigs, Know-Nothings

• – Expansion of slavery into

territories– (annexation of Cuba)

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

1860 Election: A Nation Coming Apart?!

Election of 1860

Presidential candidate

Party Home state

Popular vote

Electoralvote*

Running mate

Running mate's

home state

Running mate's

electoral voteCount Pct

Abraham Lincoln Republican Illinois 1,865,908 39.8 180Hannibal Hamlin

Maine 180

John C. Breckinridge

Southern Democratic

Kentucky 848,019 18.1 72 Joseph Lane Oregon 72

John BellConstitutional Union/Whig

Tennessee 590,901 12.6 39Edward Everett

Massachusetts 39

Stephen A. Douglas

Northern Democratic

Illinois 1,380,202 29.5 12Herschel Johnson

Georgia 12

Total 4,685,561 100 303 303

*Needed to win = 152

152 to win

Pre-Civil War Voter Turnout

FAREWELL TO THE STAR-SPANGLED BANNER

Unknown

Let tyrants and slaves submissively trembleAnd bow down their necks ‘neath the Juggernaut car;But brave men will rise in the strength of a nationAnd cry “Give me freedom, or else give me war.” *Farewell, forever! The Star-Spangled Banner,No longer shall wave o’er the land of the free!But we’ll unfurl to the broad breeze of heavenThirteen bright stars around the Palmetto Tree. We honor, yet, honor, bold South Carolina!Though small she may be, she’s as brave as the best.With flagship of states, she’s out on the oceanBuffeting the waves of a dark billow’s crest. *We honor, yes, honor, our seceding sisters,Who launched this brave bark along no the sea;Though storms may howl, and thunder distractionWe’ll hurl to the blast the proud Palmetto tree. *And when to the conflict the others cry “Onward!”Virginia will be first to rush to the fight.She’ll break down the iceberg of Northern coercionAnd rise in her glory of freedom and right.*When the thirteen sisters in bright constellationShall dazzling shine in a nation’s emblem sky,With no hands to oppose nor foes to oppress them,They will shine there forever, a light to every eye.

*repeat

O! say can you see by the dawn's early light

What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming?

Whose broad stripes and bright stars through the perilous fight,

O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming?

And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air,

Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.

O! say does that star-spangled banner yet wave

O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

Post-Election• Lincoln had support rather than

support– Less than 50% of popular vote

• – Had threatened to secede if A.L. won

• They did!

• Buchanan is a POTUS– Lincoln inaugurated in March

…..LAME DUCK PERIOD………………………

November…December…January….February…March

SecessionSeven states declared their secession

from the United States before Lincoln took office on March 4, 1861*:

• South Carolina• Mississippi• Florida• Alabama• Georgia• Louisiana • Texas

*Still eight slave states in Union

• After the Confederate attack on Fort Sumter on April 12, 1861, and Lincoln's subsequent call for troops on April 15, four more states declared their secession:

• Virginia• Arkansas• Tennessee• North Carolina

C.S.A. • – Lincoln

elected

• – C.S.A.

formed– Elected Pres

and VP

• – passed

Constitution– Lincoln

inaugurated