The Election of 1860. Why does this election matter? The United States presidential election of 1860...
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Transcript of The Election of 1860. Why does this election matter? The United States presidential election of 1860...
![Page 1: The Election of 1860. Why does this election matter? The United States presidential election of 1860 set the stage for the American Civil War. The nation.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062314/56649ec15503460f94bcd568/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The Election of 1860
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Why does this election matter? The United States presidential election of 1860 set the stage for the
American Civil War. The nation had been divided throughout most of the 1850s. What were these issues?
In 1860 these issues finally came to a head, fracturing the formerly dominant Democratic Party into Southern and Northern factions and bringing Abraham Lincoln and the Republican Party to power without the support of a single Southern state.
The immediate result of Lincoln's victory was declarations of secession by South Carolina and other states, which were rejected as illegal by the then-current President, James Buchanan and President-elect Abraham Lincoln.
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Meet the Candidates
John Bell
Constitutional Union
Tennessee
Abraham Lincoln
Republican
Illinois
John C. Breckinridge
Southern Democrat
Kentucky
Stephen Douglas
Northern Democrat
Tennessee
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The Campaign The contest in the North was between Lincoln and Douglas,
but only Douglas took to the stump and gave speeches and interviews. In the South, John C. Breckinridge and John Bell were the main rivals, but Douglas had an important presence in southern cities, especially among Irish Americans.
Stephen A. Douglas was the first presidential candidate in history to undertake a nationwide speaking tour. He traveled to the South where he did not expect to win many electoral votes, but he spoke for the maintenance of the Union.
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Lincoln’s Campaign There was little effort to convert non-Republicans, and there was virtually
no campaigning in the South except for a few border cities such as St. Louis, Missouri, and Wheeling, Virginia; indeed, the party did not even run a slate in most of the South.
In the North, there were thousands of Republican speakers, tons of campaign posters and leaflets, and thousands of newspaper editorials. These focused first on the party platform, and second on Lincoln's life story, making the most of his boyhood poverty, his pioneer background, his native genius, and his rise from obscurity.
His nicknames, "Honest Abe" and "the Rail-Splitter," were exploited to the full. The goal was to emphasize the superior power of "free labor," whereby a common farm boy could work his way to the top by his own efforts
How was this campaign tactic similar to the most recent election?
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The Results The election was held on November 6. Lincoln won an electoral majority
without an absolute majority of total popular votes. While Lincoln captured less than 40% of the popular vote, the divisions of the nation allowed him to capture 17 states plus four electoral votes in New Jersey, for a total of 180 electoral votes.
The exaggerated sectionalism of the vote is evident, as Lincoln was not even on the ballot in nine Southern states - and won only two of 996 counties in the entire South.
In the six states still permitting slavery where he was on the ballot, he came in fourth in every state except Delaware
The voter turnout rate in 1860 was the second-highest on record (81.2%, second only to 1876, with 81.8%).
When else in history has a president won an electoral majority without an absolute majority of popular votes?
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Electoral Map
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In your notesheet…. Who were the main candidates? Who won the election?
What will Lincoln’s election as president do to the nation?
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Lincoln is President-Elect
Now what happens?
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NOVEMBER 6, 1860
Lincoln elected president
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December 20, 1860
South Carolina secedes
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January 9, 1861
Mississippi secedes
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January 10, 1861
Florida secedes
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January 11, 1861
Alabama secedes
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January 19, 1861
Georgia secedes
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January 26, 1861
Louisiana secedes
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February 1, 1861
Texas secedes
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February 4, 1861
Southern states meet in Birmingham, Alabama
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February 8, 1861
Confederate Constitution adopted
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February 9, 1861
Jefferson Davis becomes President of the
Confederacy
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March 4, 1861
Lincoln inaugurated
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April 12, 1861
Ft. Sumter fired upon
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April 17, 1861
Virginia secedes
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May 6, 1861
Arkansas secedes
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May 6, 1861
Tennessee secedes
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May 21, 1861
North Carolina secedes
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June, 1861
Four slave states vote to stay in the union
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June, 1861
West Virginia is formed
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August 16, 1861
Lincoln prohibits trade with CSA