EHS Risk Assessment

8/6/2019 EHS Risk Assessment

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ISO 14001 Requirement

ISO 14001 requires: the organization shall establish and maintain a

procedure to identify the environmental aspects

of its activities, products and services that it cancontrol and over which it can be expected to have

an influence, in order to determine those which

have or can havesignificant impacts on theenvironment


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Define Environment

ISO 14001 defines theenvironment as: surroundings in which

an organization operates,

including air, water, land,natural resources, flora,

fauna, humans and their

interrelation

NOTE: Surroundings inthis context extend from

within an organization to

the global system.


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What is anenvironmental aspect?

ISO 14001 defines an environmental aspect as an:

element of an organizations activities, products

or services that can interact with the environment

Aspects can be

regulated or non-regulated

natural or man-made

positive or negative

controlled or influenced by the organization


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Environmental Impacts

ISO14001 definesenvironmental impact

as:

any change to theenvironment, whether

adverse or beneficial,

wholly or partially

resulting from anorganizations activities,

products or services


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Environmental Aspects/Impacts

Process 1

Process 2

Process 3

Raw materials

Electricity

Water

Fuel

Solid wastes

wastewaster

PM, CO,

CO2, NOx,SOx

Treatment

Finished Products

Landfill

sewer

sludge Landfill

Chemical

atmosphere


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Aspects Impacts Identification

Process 1

Raw materials

Electricity Solid wastes

ASPECTS IMPACTS

1. Use of raw materials 1. Depletion of resources

2. Use of electricity 2. Depletion of resources

3. Solid waste generation 3. Soil contamination


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- CCI4 (carbon tetrachloride)

- Aerosol

- CFC (chlorofluorocarbon)

Samples of ODS:

1. depletion of ozone layer2. emission of ODS (ozone depleting substances)

- damage to kidney & central nervous system- Correction fluids

- damage to liver (prolonged exposure)- Adhesives (ie glue) - permanent markers

- headaches- Stored fuels - copiers

- nausea- Wax - disinfectants

- eyes, nose & throat irritation- Varnish - cleansers

health effects:- Paints - pesticides

2. Health hazardSamples of VOCs:

1. fire potential1. emission of VOC (volatile organic compounds)

Air

ImpactsAspects

Aspect & Impact Samples


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Air pollution8. emission of particulate, dust

Health hazard - heat stroke7. emission of heat

Health hazard6. emission of radioactive substances (ie

x-ray)

Health hazard - hearing impairment5. emission of noise

Cancer of liver and gall bladder

Health effects:- PCB (polychlorinated biphenyl)

Health hazardSample of POP:

1. releases toxic that adversely affect food web(toxic chemicals are adsorb in soil, mixed with

water and persists in air)

4. use of POPs (Persistent organicpollutants)

- Nitrous oxide

- Methane

- CO2 (carbon dioxide from fossil

fuel combustion)

Samples of GHG:

1. climate change / global warming3. emission of GHG (green house gases)


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Depletion of fossil fuel2. use of fuel / energy

Deforestation / depletion of wood products1. use of paper

Use of resources

Land / water contamination4. spillage

Land / water contamination3. disposal of toxic waste (ie chemicals)

Land / water contamination2. disposal of hazardous waste (ie used

oil, grease)

Depletion of landfill space

Eye sore

Land contamination1. disposal of solid waste (ei. sludge,

garbage)

Land and Water


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Exercise 1

Identify all environmental aspects andimpacts in the assigned activity / process.

1 Mechanical maintenance activity

1 Electrical maintenance activity

1 PDN activity

1 LOG/Warehouse activity 1 Admin activity


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OHSAS 18001 Requirement

OHSAS 18001 requires: the organization shall establish, implement and

maintain procedures for the ongoinghazard

identification, riskassessment, & determination ofnecessary controls. (HIRADC)

These shall include :

a. Routine and non-routine activities


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What is hazard & risk?

OHSAS 18001 defines HAZARD as a:

source or a situation with a potential for harm in

terms of injury or ill health, damage to property,damage to the workplace environment, or acombination of these (types of hazards)

Risk as a: combination of the likelihood & consequence(s)

of a specified hazardous event occurring


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Scope of HIRADC

b. Activities of all persons having access to theworkplace (including contractors & visitors)

c. human behavior, capabilities and other humanfactors

d. identified hazards originating outside the

workplace capable of adversely affecting the

health & safety of persons under the control of

the organization within the workplace


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Scope of HIRADC

e. Hazards created in the vicinity of the workplaceby work related activities under the control of

the organization

f. infrastructure, equipment and materials at theworkplace, whether provided by the organization

or others

g. Changes or proposed changes in the organization,

its activities, or materials


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Scope of HIRADC

h. Modifications to the OH&S managementsystem, including temporary changes, and their

impacts on operations, processes, & activities

i. Any applicable legal obligations relating to riskassessment and implementation of necessary

controls

j. The design of work areas, processes,

installations, machinery/equipment, operating

procedures and work organization, including

their adaptation to human capabilities


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Struck against a vehicle while moving an equipment

Struck against a person

Struck against person

Struck against protruding nail / rebar / bundling wire

Struck against sharp material or machine partDescription: a person forcefully

strikes an object.

2. Struck Against

Struck by metal chips

Struck by running vehicle

Struck by tools

Struck by materials sharp edge

Struck by collapsed unstable stockpile

Struck by a part of exploded pressure vessel

Struck by wrench while flipping

Struck by dropped material from top of stockpile

Struck by flying cobblesDescription: a person is forcefully

struck by an object

1. Struck by

ExamplesHazard Types

Hazards & Risk Samples


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- fire

Contact with harmful chemicals- toxic substances

Contact with dust and smoke- noise

Contact with noise in shear and cooling bed area- caustics

Contact with flares from welding- radiation

Contact with hot material or machine part- cold

Contact with hot bars- heat

Contact with live wires- electricity

4. Contact with:

Caught between sharp blades

Caught between moving or rotating machines

Caught in by closing door

Caught in by OHC chain while rigging

Caught in open drawer

Caught in by running OHC

Caught in by moving or lifted material

Caught in by moving or rotating machine part

Caught in by rolled loose materialsDescription: a person or part of a

person is caught on an object, caughtin or trapped in an opening, or crushed

or caught between a moving or

stationary object

3. Caught on, in or between


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9. Foreign body in the eyes

8. Hit by hand tool

stroke

Sprain

Heart attack

Collapse7. Overexertion (over-load)

Fall on the same level from unstable or damaged

floor

Fall on the same level from running

Fall on the same level from imbalance

Fall on the same level from slipping or tripping6. Fall on the same level

Fall from top of machine or equipment

Fall from ladder, stair or elevated stairway5. Fall


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- Skin burn

- skin irritation

- Laceration

- Bruise

- Avulsion

- Fracture

- Property damage

- fire

- eye injury

- death

- abrasion

- puncture

- incision

-respiratory illness

- nausea , dizziness

- eye irritation

- hearing impairment / loss

- health effects specified in the MSDS Material Safety Datasheet

RISKS (Effect)


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Aspect/Impact &Hazard/Risk Example

Bar paintingat evacuation

paint

paintbrush Empty paint can

worn out brush

leg fracturefall from platform

skin burnContact with hot rebar

Fire hazardAccumulation of paintdroppings

skin irritationskin contact with paintheadache, nauseainhalation of paint odor

riskhazard

land contaminationgeneration of used brush

land contaminationgeneration of used paint candepletion of natural resourcesuse of brush

depletion of natural resourcesuse of paint

impactaspect


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Exercise 2

Identify all hazards and risk in the assignedactivity / process in Exercise 1.

1 Mechanical maintenance activity

1 Electrical maintenance activity

1 PDN activity

1 LOG/Warehouse activity

1 Admin activity


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EHS Risk Assessment Formused in Meycauayan Works

E

HS

CURRENT CONTROL

(specify documented WI,

guidelines, standards or

references if any)

IMPACT / RISK

Condition?:

Normal/Abnorm

al/

Emergency

Legal

Requirement?

(Y)

DEPT./ AREA

ASPECTS / HAZARD

RoutineorNon-

Routine

REV. NO. / DATE

ACTIVITIES

Category

ASSESSED BY

ENVIRONMENTAL, H


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EHS Risk Assessment Form

Knowledge&

Skills

EHSAwareness

Competence

Knowledge&

Skills

EHSAwareness

Competence

Risk Level

Likelihoodof

Exposure

Effectivenessof

CurrentControls

Likelihoodof

Occurrence

Probabilityof

Occurrence

Severityof

Consequence

Personnel

Risk Level

Severityof

Consequence

Likelihoodof

Exposure

Effectivenessof

CurrentControls

Likelihoodof

Occurrence

PAGE OF

Personnel

Probabilityof

Occurrence

New/Additional Control

to Reduce the

Risk(consider the

hierarchy of control)

DEPARTMENT HEAD

EALTH AND SAFETY RISK ASSESSMENT

REVIEWED BY

Safety Engineer PCO


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EHS Risk Assessment

excellent commendable fully competentmeets minimal

expectation

does not meet

minimal

expectation

1 2 3 4 5

master 1 1 1 2 2 3

expert 2 1 2 2 3 3

senior 3 1 2 3 3 4

intermediate 4 2 3 3 4 4

basic 5 3 3 4 4 5

EHS AWARENESS

KNO

WLEDGE&SKILLS

ability to adhere to all EHS safety rules & perform work in an environmentally sound,

healthy & safe manner

TABLE 1

OUTPUT :COMPETENCE to be

used for Table 3


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High degree of

control

Medium degree

of control

Moderate

degree of

control

Slight degree of

control

Negligible or

no control

1 2 3 4 5

Very Rare

(yearly or

less)1 1 1 1 2 2

Rare (few

per year)2 1 1 2 2 3

Unusual (atleast 1x a

month )3 1 2 3 3 3

Occassional

(at least 1x a

week)4 1 2 3 3 4

Frequent

(daily) 5 1 3 3 4 5

EFFECTIVENESS OF CONTROLS

LIKELIHOODOFEXPOSURE

TABLE 2

OUTPUT :LIKELIHOOD OFOCURRENCE tobe used for Table 3

Rating Description

5 - Negligible

or no control

Control of the aspect/hazard is nonexistent or totally ineffectual. There are no controls

and knowledge of the environmental, health & safety impact is negligible

4 - Slightdegree of

control

There are some controls in place (either procedures or physical) and there is someawareness of a control requirement. Such controls only have limited effect on

reducing the relevant environmental impact and health & safety risk.

3 - Moderate

degree of

control

There is recognisable control on the aspect. This may include procedures,

management controls or physical controls, but they are not totally effectual and

implementation / use of them are not comprehensive.

2 - Medium

degree of

control

There is significant control on the aspect/hazard through procedures, management

control and physical controls. Relevant parties are aware of such controls and they

are generally affectively applied.1 - High

degree of

control

All (or practically all) necessary procedures, management controls and best practice

have been implemented and compliance with such procedures and best practice is

high. The impact/risk has been minimised to very significant extent.


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EHS Risk Assessment

1 2 3 4 5

1 1 1 2 3 3

2 1 2 2 3 4

3 2 2 3 3 4

4 2 3 3 4 5

5 3 3 4 5 5

TABLE 3

LIKELIHOOD OF OCCURRENCE

COMPETENCE combination

of knowledge

& skills and

EHS

awareness

combination of exposure and effectiveness of controls

OUTPUT :PROBABILITY OFOCURRENCE tobe used for Table 4


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EHS Risk Assessment

Insignificant /Positive

Minor Moderate Major Severe

1 2 3 4 5

1 no risk no risk low risk low risk low risk

2 no risk low risk low risk moderate risk moderate risk

3 low risk low risk moderate risk moderate risk high risk

4 low risk moderate risk moderate risk high risk intolerable risk

5 low risk moderate risk high risk intolerable risk intolerable risk

combination

of

competence &

likelihood of

occurrence

SEVERITY OF OCCURRENCE

PROBABILITYOFOCCURREN

CE

TABLE 4

OUTPUT :LEVEL OF RISK


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EHS Risk Assessment

Risk Level

3

moderate risk

4

high risk

If it is impossible to reduce the risk, work has to remain prohibited

No additional controls required

Monitorings are required to ensure existing controls are effectivelyimplemented

Efforts should be made to reduce the risk

Risk reduction measures should be implemented within a defined

timeframe

Work must not start or work must be suspended immediately5

Intolerable

Work should not commence until the risk has been reduced

Considerable resources may have to be allocated to reduce the risk

Where work has commenced, urgent interim measures must be taken

Risk Control Action and Timescale

No action is required

No monitorings are necessary

1

no risk

2

low risk


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HIERARCHY OF CONTROL

Control: the measures we take to eliminateor reduce the risk to an acceptable level.

Hierarchy of Control: The order in whichcontrols should be considered when selecting

methods of controlling a risk.


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Elimination Substitution Engineering Controls Administrative Controls Personal Protective Equipment


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ELIMINATION

The Best method of dealing with a hazard is to

eliminate it. Once the hazard has been eliminated thepotential for harm has gone.


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SUBSTITUTION

This involves substituting a dangerous processor substance with one that is not as dangerous.This may not be as satisfactory as elimination as there maystill be a risk (even if it is reduced).


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ENGINEERING CONTROLS

Separate or isolate the hazard from people by providing

Mechanical aids, barriers, machine guarding, ventilationOr insulation. This method has its problems in that thehazard has not been removed. The guard or separationdevice is always at risk of being removed or circumvented.


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ENGINEERING CONTROLS


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ADMINISTRATION

Administrative solutions usually involve modificationof the likelihood of an accident happening. This can bedone by reducing the number of people exposed to thedanger reducing the amount of time exposed and providingtraining to those people who are exposed to the hazard.


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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Provision of personal protective equipment should only beconsidered when all other control methods are impractical,or to increase control when used with another method higherup in the Hierarchy of Control.


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Exercise 3

Using the provided template and guidelinesto assess the identified aspect-impact and

hazards-risks in your Exercises 1 & 2.

Consider the hierarchy of controls inproviding new/additional controls for those

aspect or hazard with significant risks.


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Types of Hazards

Chemical : toxic , flammable, corrosive


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Types of Hazards

Explosion : chemical reaction or overpressure


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Types of Hazards

Electrical : Inadequate insulation, broken electricallines or equipment, lightning strike, staticdischarge


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Types of Hazards

Ergonomics : strain, human error


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Types of Hazards

Excavation : collapse


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Types of Hazards

Fall : slip, trip


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Types of Hazards

Fire : Oxygen, heat & fuel are required for fire to

occur


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Types of Hazards

Mechanical : Pinch or sharp points and edges,

weight, rotating parts, stability, ejected partsand materials, impact


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Types of Hazards

Noise : >85 dB 8 hr exposure


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Types of Hazards

Radiation : ionizing or non-ionizing


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Types of Hazards

Extreme temperature : heat or cold


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Types of hazards

Visibility : lack of lighting or obstruction


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Types of Hazards

Weather : rain, wind, flood


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Types of Hazards

Biological: Primarily airborne and blood borne

viruses.

EHS Risk Assessment

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