Egg DropEgg Drop

Project #1Project #1

Introduction to TransportationIntroduction to Transportation

ObjectivesObjectivesAfter completing this project, you will be After completing this project, you will be

able to:able to:

1. State and Explain what Newton’s 3 Laws 1. State and Explain what Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion areof Motion are

2. State the processes involved in creating 2. State the processes involved in creating and designing their vehicleand designing their vehicle

3. Design and Construct a vehicle that will 3. Design and Construct a vehicle that will support an egg and prevent the egg from support an egg and prevent the egg from breaking when dropped from a preset breaking when dropped from a preset height height

ContentContent Vehicles rely on many parts to give it Vehicles rely on many parts to give it

strength (body, frame, suspension)strength (body, frame, suspension) To survive an impact you must think To survive an impact you must think

about how the energy from an about how the energy from an impact goes around and through the impact goes around and through the vehiclevehicle

When a vehicle is hit from any When a vehicle is hit from any direction, the energy from one direction, the energy from one vehicle is transferred to the othervehicle is transferred to the other

In a head on collision, where is the In a head on collision, where is the energy forced to go?energy forced to go?

Answer: The energy is forced to Answer: The energy is forced to travel outwards to prevent any injury travel outwards to prevent any injury to the people inside. Although, to the people inside. Although, depending on the speed of the depending on the speed of the vehicles, sometimes the force is vehicles, sometimes the force is overwhelming.overwhelming.

There are Newtons 3 Laws of Motion that you must There are Newtons 3 Laws of Motion that you must learnlearn

by the end of the semesterby the end of the semester

Law #1Law #1: An object at rest will remain at rest unless : An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in

motion continues in motion with the same speed motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an and in the same direction unless acted upon by an

unbalanced force. This law is often called unbalanced force. This law is often called

""the law of inertiathe law of inertia" "

With the head on collision does a car hit the other With the head on collision does a car hit the other and keep moving in a forwards direction?and keep moving in a forwards direction?

What does this mean? This What does this mean? This means that there is a natural means that there is a natural

tendency of objects to keep on tendency of objects to keep on doing what they're doing. All doing what they're doing. All

objects resist changes in their objects resist changes in their state of motion. In the absence state of motion. In the absence

of an unbalanced force, an of an unbalanced force, an object in motion will maintain object in motion will maintain

this state of motion.this state of motion.

Let's study the "skater" to understand this a Let's study the "skater" to understand this a

little better. little better.

What is the motion in this picture?What is the motion in this picture?

What is the unbalanced force in this picture? What is the unbalanced force in this picture?

This law is the same reason This law is the same reason why you should always wear why you should always wear

your seatbelt. your seatbelt.

Law #2Law #2: Acceleration is produced : Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being greater the mass (of the object being accelerated ) the greater the amount accelerated ) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the of force needed (to accelerate the object). object).

Everyone unconsciously knows the Everyone unconsciously knows the Second Law. Everyone knows that Second Law. Everyone knows that heavier objects require more force to heavier objects require more force to move the same distance as lighter move the same distance as lighter objects. objects.

                   

   

       

                            

   

                      

       

                               

                         

   

       

                               

   

However, the Second Law gives us an However, the Second Law gives us an exact relationship between force, mass, exact relationship between force, mass, and acceleration. It can be expressed as a and acceleration. It can be expressed as a mathematical equation: mathematical equation:

F = MAF = MA

Or Or FORCEFORCE = = MASSMASS times times ACCELERATIONACCELERATION

The next slide shows an example of how The next slide shows an example of how Newton's Newton's

Second Law works: Second Law works:

Mike's car, which weighs 1,000 kg, is out of Mike's car, which weighs 1,000 kg, is out of

gas. Mike is trying to push the car to a gasgas. Mike is trying to push the car to a gas

station, and he makes the car go 0.05station, and he makes the car go 0.05

m/s/s. Using Newton's Second Law, youm/s/s. Using Newton's Second Law, you

can compute how much force Mike iscan compute how much force Mike is

applying to the car. applying to the car.

Answer = 50 newtons Answer = 50 newtons

Newton’s Law #3Newton’s Law #3: For every action : For every action there is an equal and opposite re-there is an equal and opposite re-action action

This means that for every force there This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. That is size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object to say that whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction equally back in the opposite direction equally hard. hard.

Let's study how a rocket works to Let's study how a rocket works to understandunderstandNewton's Third Law. Newton's Third Law.

The rocket's action is to push down The rocket's action is to push down on the ground with the force of its on the ground with the force of its powerful engines, and the reaction is powerful engines, and the reaction is that the ground pushes the rocket that the ground pushes the rocket upwards with an equal force. An upwards with an equal force. An example is on the next page.example is on the next page.

QUIZQUIZDirections: Write down the questions. Directions: Write down the questions.

Answer the questions on the paper Answer the questions on the paper provided. You cannot use your notes provided. You cannot use your notes for this quiz. Good Luckfor this quiz. Good Luck

1. Who was the scientist who gave us 1. Who was the scientist who gave us the Laws of Motion? the Laws of Motion?

2. How many Laws of Motion are 2. How many Laws of Motion are there? there?

3. What is another name for the first 3. What is another name for the first law of motion? law of motion?

4. Which law explains why we need to 4. Which law explains why we need to wear seatbelts? wear seatbelts?

5. Which law says that force is equal to 5. Which law says that force is equal to mass times acceleration (F=MA)? mass times acceleration (F=MA)?

6. Which law says that heavier objects 6. Which law says that heavier objects require more force than lighter require more force than lighter objects to move or accelerate them? objects to move or accelerate them?

7. Which law explains how rockets are 7. Which law explains how rockets are launched into space? launched into space?

8. Which law says that for every action 8. Which law says that for every action there is an equal and opposite there is an equal and opposite reaction? reaction?

ANSWERSANSWERS

1.1. Answer: Sir Isaac Newton Answer: Sir Isaac Newton 2.2. Answer: three Answer: three 3.3. Answer: Law of Inertia Answer: Law of Inertia 4.4. Answer: First Law of Motion Answer: First Law of Motion 5.5. Answer: Second Law of Motion Answer: Second Law of Motion 6.6. Answer: Second Law of Motion Answer: Second Law of Motion 7.7. Answer: Third Law of Motion Answer: Third Law of Motion 8.8. Answer: Third Law of Motion Answer: Third Law of Motion

MaterialsMaterials

Scissors, RulersScissors, Rulers Printer paper/ Notebook PaperPrinter paper/ Notebook Paper Masking tapeMasking tape Pens/PencilsPens/Pencils EggEgg

Brainstorming QuestionsBrainstorming QuestionsOn a separate sheet of paper please do the On a separate sheet of paper please do the

following, these count as a homework grade following, these count as a homework grade (15% of your overall grade)(15% of your overall grade)

List 5 possible ways the egg can be protected List 5 possible ways the egg can be protected using paperusing paper

Of those 5 which are the most feasible Of those 5 which are the most feasible (appropriate)?(appropriate)?

What is the best solution you have? Describe in a What is the best solution you have? Describe in a half page why you chose that design.half page why you chose that design.

ChallengeChallenge Students working by themselves will design, Students working by themselves will design,

sketch, and construct their own Egg Drop sketch, and construct their own Egg Drop Vehicles using various masking tape and printer Vehicles using various masking tape and printer or notebook paper in the Construction Lab. The or notebook paper in the Construction Lab. The Sketches are random ideas of your thoughts but Sketches are random ideas of your thoughts but there is a minimum of 4. From those 4 sketches there is a minimum of 4. From those 4 sketches select 1, draw it in detail using a ruler and select 1, draw it in detail using a ruler and straight lines (no freehand drawing). Be sure to straight lines (no freehand drawing). Be sure to include dimensions on your Initial Drawings. include dimensions on your Initial Drawings. When the project is complete you will be required When the project is complete you will be required to complete the evaluation form and do a Final to complete the evaluation form and do a Final Drawing. The Final Drawing compares what your Drawing. The Final Drawing compares what your Egg Drop Vehicles ended up looking like (again, Egg Drop Vehicles ended up looking like (again, no freehand drawing, use rulers) to what you no freehand drawing, use rulers) to what you drew for your Initial Drawing. Your grade is drew for your Initial Drawing. Your grade is broken down into 3 parts be sure to see the broken down into 3 parts be sure to see the Evaluation part for further explanation. Evaluation part for further explanation.

Your grade for part 1 depends on how close to your Your grade for part 1 depends on how close to your Initial Drawing you constructed your Egg Drop Initial Drawing you constructed your Egg Drop Vehicles. The closer it resembles your Initial Vehicles. The closer it resembles your Initial Drawing, the better your grade will be. The more Drawing, the better your grade will be. The more changes you make or extra pieces you add the lower changes you make or extra pieces you add the lower your grade will be. Part 2 is that each student will your grade will be. Part 2 is that each student will have to design and create an apparatus that will hold have to design and create an apparatus that will hold an egg. When the egg holding apparatus is dropped an egg. When the egg holding apparatus is dropped from a preset height, the egg cannot break. The from a preset height, the egg cannot break. The students are only allowed to use printer paper or students are only allowed to use printer paper or notebook paper and masking tape. The vehicle does notebook paper and masking tape. The vehicle does not have to be square; it can be whatever shape you not have to be square; it can be whatever shape you want it to be. The apparatus cannot be more than 6” want it to be. The apparatus cannot be more than 6” x 6” x 6” when dropped. There are a lot of different x 6” x 6” when dropped. There are a lot of different ways to get this project to work so don’t just rush ways to get this project to work so don’t just rush into anything without thinking about it. Part 3 is that into anything without thinking about it. Part 3 is that the Egg Drop Vehicles must fall in under 3 seconds; the Egg Drop Vehicles must fall in under 3 seconds; your project will be timed using a stopwatch. The your project will be timed using a stopwatch. The faster your time and your egg surviving, the better faster your time and your egg surviving, the better your grade. You only get one egg from me and the your grade. You only get one egg from me and the eggs are given out on the testing day so you must eggs are given out on the testing day so you must have a way of inserting the egg into your project have a way of inserting the egg into your project without destroying your project. without destroying your project.

On testing day, you will be given exactly 5 On testing day, you will be given exactly 5 minutes to put your egg into your projects and minutes to put your egg into your projects and seal them up with tape, after those 5 minutes if seal them up with tape, after those 5 minutes if you do not have your egg sealed you will not you do not have your egg sealed you will not pass this project. You cannot tape the egg in or pass this project. You cannot tape the egg in or tape around the egg or put tape on the egg in tape around the egg or put tape on the egg in any way. After your egg vehicle is dropped you any way. After your egg vehicle is dropped you must open it up and take your egg out to show must open it up and take your egg out to show me that it survived. If you take your egg out of me that it survived. If you take your egg out of the carton and drop it then you will the carton and drop it then you will automatically be disqualified and won’t be automatically be disqualified and won’t be allowed to get another one. From the time you allowed to get another one. From the time you pick up your egg to the time you put it back into pick up your egg to the time you put it back into the crate at the end of the project you are the crate at the end of the project you are responsible for the egg. The egg is considered responsible for the egg. The egg is considered broken if liquid in on the shell, if no liquid but broken if liquid in on the shell, if no liquid but cracked I will count it.cracked I will count it.

ProceduresProcedures

Brainstorm ideas and sketch 4 of them onto pieces Brainstorm ideas and sketch 4 of them onto pieces of paperof paper

Choose a design that you like the best and draw an Choose a design that you like the best and draw an Initial Drawing with dimensionsInitial Drawing with dimensions

Create your design using the paper and masking Create your design using the paper and masking tapetape

Test your design with a golf ball to see what the Test your design with a golf ball to see what the results might be.results might be.

When done testing prepare the vehicle by installing When done testing prepare the vehicle by installing the egg into itthe egg into it

Finish the vehicle with any final touches to secure Finish the vehicle with any final touches to secure the eggthe egg

EvaluationEvaluation Sketches and Initial Drawings are a Sketches and Initial Drawings are a

separate grade worth 100 pointsseparate grade worth 100 points There is a final drawing and an There is a final drawing and an

reflective worksheet that counts as reflective worksheet that counts as a separate grade of 100 pointsa separate grade of 100 points

See Attached RubricSee Attached Rubric Remember that there is no fooling Remember that there is no fooling

around in the labaround in the lab

EvaluationEvaluation Egg did not breakEgg did not break Project stayed within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensionsProject stayed within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensions Project looked exactly like initial drawingProject looked exactly like initial drawing Project dropped in less than 3 secondsProject dropped in less than 3 seconds Student shows above average effort Student shows above average effort Student shows above average safety Student shows above average safety

skillsskills

Egg brokeEgg broke Project stayed within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensionsProject stayed within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensions Project looked exactly like initial drawingProject looked exactly like initial drawing Project dropped in less than 3 secondsProject dropped in less than 3 seconds Student shows average effortStudent shows average effort Student shows average safety skillsStudent shows average safety skills

100 100 pointspoints

75 points

EvaluationEvaluation Egg BrokeEgg Broke Project did not stay within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensionsProject did not stay within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensions Project did not look like initial drawing with Project did not look like initial drawing with

noticeable changes to projectnoticeable changes to project Project dropped in more than 3 secondsProject dropped in more than 3 seconds Student shows moderate effortStudent shows moderate effort Student not allowed in class if not Student not allowed in class if not

demonstrating proper safety skillsdemonstrating proper safety skills

Egg brokeEgg broke Project did not stay within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensionsProject did not stay within 6 x 6 x 6 dimensions

Project did not look like initial drawing with Project did not look like initial drawing with

noticeable changes to projectnoticeable changes to project Project dropped in more than 3 secondsProject dropped in more than 3 seconds Student shows no effortStudent shows no effort Student not allowed in class if not Student not allowed in class if not

demonstrating proper safety skillsdemonstrating proper safety skills

50 points

0 points

Good Luck!Good Luck!