Effects of Varied Nitrogen Levels and Plant Populations on yield Response of NERICA 1 Variety
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Transcript of Effects of Varied Nitrogen Levels and Plant Populations on yield Response of NERICA 1 Variety
Effects of Varied Nitrogen Levels and Plant Populations on yield Response
of NERICA 1 Variety
Presented at NIB forumBy
Oyange A. Wilson - RiceMAPPon 14.6.2013
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INTRODUCTION Trend of cultivation expansion is towards upland
ecosystem, where 80% of farmers earn their living
NERICAs have shown potential in both L/land & U/land ecosystems; yields & stress tolerance
For optimum yields, N application at appropriate spacing enhances morphological characteristics & optimizes yield
Many farmers still don’t consider planting density as an important factor in rice productivity
80% hence plant at random & apply less fertilizers
Work focused on response to N levels & spacings.2
Statement of the problem Rice production is low and production hardly
meets 50% of the demand There is a shift in consumption from maize to
rice with demand growing at 12% per annum 80% of rice grown in Lowland and 20% in
upland ecosystem. Land expansion static in irrigated areas
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Specific objectives
To determine the effect of different N application rates on grain yield of NERICA 1
The effect of different planting densities on growth and grain yield of NERICA1
Any interaction between density and N levels in relation to NERICA 1 grain yield and yield components
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MATERIALS AND METHOD
The experiment was done at MIAD center and KARI
Rainfall: bimodal, 930mm, and 510mm, 66% reliable
Temperature ave. 22oC, Min - 17 & max – 28 oC
Analysis done for soil, plant nutrients and weather data
taken for the period.
NERICA 1 variety was used at 3 Fertilizer levels of 0,
60 and 120kg ha-1 & 3 spacings of 30x15, 25x15 &
20x15 cm
The trial was a 3x3 factorial in split plot design with 3
replications, total 27 plots, each 3x3m
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Treatments and treatment combinations
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Where ; F1- 0kg N ha-1, F2-60kg N ha-1, F3- 120kg N ha-1:
S1- 30x15cm, S2- 25x15cm, S3- 20X15cm
Data collection Growth parameters; Plant height, Tillers, SPAD, Culm length,
Yield parameters: Panilces m-2, spikelets panicle-1, 1000 gwt, %filling, HI
P&D assessments
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Time line: 21, 30, 45, 55,75 & 110 DAT
Analysis: LSD used to separate means separated at 5% sig
Weather
R/f: 176mm
< 20mm/wk 8
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50 Temp & Rainfall pattern
R/fMax temp Min TempAve temp
Dates
Soils Nutrient
Adapted from MIAD laboratory
N, < 0.25% recommended, supply41%, 35kg/ha rqt equivalent
P = 71 % of requirement, equivalent to 45kg/ha (P2O5) requirement
K20= 35% requirement, equivalent to 25kg/ha K2O
PH= 6.65 Max P avail.9
N% P(ppm) K(meq%) PH 0.189 19.0 0.127 6.58
0.109 21.0 0.170 6.71
Average 0.149 20 0.1485 6.65
1. Plant height
N on Plant ht spacing on Plant ht
N levels on plant height Spacing on plant height
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -4.4204* - 6.1961*60 kg N ha-1 4.4204* -1.7757*120 kg N ha-
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6.1961* 1.7757*
30 x 15 cm 25 x15 cm 20 x15 cm
30 x 15 cm 2.0124* 2.6089*
25 x 15 cm -2.0124* .5966
20 x 15 cm -2.069* .5966
Results
1. Tillers
Tillers Vs Spacing Tillers Vs N Levels N effect on tillers Spacing on tillers
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -26.02* - 58.91*60 kg N ha-1 26.02* -32.89*120 kg N ha-1 58.91* 32.89*
30 x15 cm 25 x 15 cm 20 x 15 cm
30 x 15 cm 26.00 * -53.00*25 x 15 cm -26.00* -79.00*20 x15 cm 53.00* 79.00*
3. Panicle length
Effect of Nitrogen on P/length Effect of spacing on P/length
* There is an Interaction 12
0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -1.8556* -3.1556*
60 kg N ha-1 1.8556* -1.3000*
120 kg N ha-1 3.1556* 1.3000*
30 x15 cm 25 x 15 cm 20 x 15 cm
30 x15 cm .3000 1.0556*
25 x 15 cm -.3000 .7556*
20 x15 cm -1.0556* -.7556*
4. Culm length
Effect of N on culm lenth Effect of spacing on culm length
N on culm length
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -.2733* -.5256*
60 kg N ha-1 .2733* -.2522*
120 kg N ha-1 .5256* .2522*
5. Panicles m-2
N levels & Spacing on P m-2
N on p m-2 spacing on Pm-2
* There is an interaction
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -191.67* -211.67*
60 kg N ha-1 191.67* -20.00120 kg N ha-1 211.67* 20.00
30 x15 cm 25 x15 cm 20 x15 cm30 x15 cm 13.67 -13.67
25 x 15 cm -13.67 -27.33*
20 x15 cm 13.67 27.33*
6. Spikelets panicle-1
N & Spacing on Spikelets/panicle
N on spikelets/panicle
15 0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -9.78 -24.11*
60 kg N ha-1 9.78 -14.33*
120 kg N ha-1 24.11* 14.33*
7. % filled grains
Effect of N & spacing on % filled grains
N on % filled grains spacing on % filled grains
*Interaction
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 .1841* .2524*
60 kg N ha-1 -.1841* .0683*
120 kg N ha-1 -.2524* -.0683*
30 x15 cm 25 x15 cm 20 x 15 cm
30 x15 cm .0231 .0497*
25 x 15 cm -.0231 .0265
20 x15 cm -.0497* -.0265
7. Grain wt
N levels on grain wt
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -.001044* .00013360 kg N ha-1 .001044* .001178*
120 kg N ha-1 -.000133 -.001178*
9. Yield
N & spacing on yield
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0 kg N ha-1 60 kg N ha-1 120 kg N ha-1
0 kg N ha-1 -191.67* -211.67*
60 kg N ha-1 191.67* -20.00120 kg N ha-1 211.67* 20.00
Conclusion Nitrogen level of 60 kg N ha-1 at 20 x 15cm
spacing gives optimum yields hence better for NERICA 1 farmers
Harvesting at more than 110 DAT can possibly increase the % filling & grain yield at high N levels
Tillers per m2, spikelet per panicle and 1000 grain weight increased to optimum levels at 60 kg ha-1. A possibility of higher optimum levels should be tested at between 100-120 kg N ha-1.
Delayed effect of Nitrogen on maturity partly contributed to the reduction in percentage of filled grains with increased N levels.
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Polyethene sheathing on plots to prevent lateral seepage of nutrients ; 1.12.2012 followed by transplanting on 5.12.2012
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NERICA crop at
NERICA TRIAL SITE ON 6/2/2012: 60 DAT; Crop at Panicle initiation stage; less than 3% headed
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NERICA crop at 80DAT; heading; 23.2.2013
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NERICA crop at 80DAT; heading; 23.2.2013
SCHEDULE OF ACTIVITIESMonths Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb March
Week(s) 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
Activities
Nursery establishment
Rice trial transplanting
Weeding
1st split application
2nd split application
Leaf area assessment
SPAD assessment
Plant lenght assessment
Lodging Assessment
Soil analysis
Harvesting
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