Phototrophy is the process by which organisms trap light energy (photons) and store it as chemical energy in the form of ATP. There are three major types of phototrophy: 1) Oxygenic photosynthesis, 2) Anoxygenic photosynthesis, 3) Rhodopsin-based phototrophy. Oxygenic and anoxygenic photosynthesis undergo different reactions in the presence and absence of light (called Light reactions and Dark reactions, respectively).

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