Educational and Natl Development- EVANGELENE E. HAILAR
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Transcript of Educational and Natl Development- EVANGELENE E. HAILAR
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Presented by:
MS. EVANGELENE F. ESQUILLO
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What is poverty?
How poverty affects education?Can education reduce
poverty?.......
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Rank Country Population
1 China 1,336,717,952
2 India 1,189,172,864
3 United States 313,232,032
4 Indonesia 245,613,040
5 Brazil 203,429,776
6 Pakistan 187,342,720
7 Bangladesh 158,570,528
8 Nigeria 155,215,568
9 Russia 138,739,888
10 Japan 126,475,664
11 Mexico 113,724,224
12 Philippines 101,833,936
13 Ethiopia 90,873,736
14 Vietnam 90,549,392
15 Egypt 82,079,632
16 Germany 81,471,832
17 Turkey 78,785,552
18 Iran 77,891,216
19Congo, Democratic Republic of
the71,712,864
20 Thailand 66,720,152
Source:CIA World Factbook- Unless otherwise noted, information in this page is accurate as of January 1, 2011
http://www.indexmundi.com/china/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/india/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/united_states/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/indonesia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brazil/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/russia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/japan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/mexico/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ethiopia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/vietnam/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/germany/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/turkey/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/iran/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/thailand/population.htmlhttps://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/http://www.indexmundi.com/thailand/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/democratic_republic_of_the_congo/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/iran/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/turkey/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/germany/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/egypt/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/vietnam/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ethiopia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/mexico/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/japan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/russia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/nigeria/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/pakistan/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brazil/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/indonesia/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/united_states/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/india/population.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/china/population.html -
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LITERACY RATERANK COUNTRY RATE
92 Venezuela 93
93 Peru 92.9
94 Malta 92.8
95 Brunei 92.7
96 Philippines 92.6
http://www.indexmundi.com/venezuela/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/malta/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brunei/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/brunei/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/malta/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/literacy.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/venezuela/literacy.html -
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% of pop. Below natl poverty
lineRANK COUNTRY PHILIPPINES
53 Tanzania 36
54Afghanistan 36
55 Uganda 35
56 Ukraine 35
57 Peru 34.8
58 Ecuador 33.1
59 Philippines 32.9
http://www.indexmundi.com/tanzania/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/afghanistan/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/uganda/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ukraine/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ecuador/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/philippines/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ecuador/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/peru/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/ukraine/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/uganda/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/afghanistan/population_below_poverty_line.htmlhttp://www.indexmundi.com/tanzania/population_below_poverty_line.html -
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Figure I.43Population living in poverty (2005 PPP$1.25 a day),
Asia and the Pacific, earliest and latest
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ce
Annual Per Capita Poverty
Threshold
(in Pesos) d/
Poverty Incidence Among Families (%) Magnitude of Poor Families
Estimates (%)Coefficient of
VariationEstimates
1991
a/2003 2006
200
9
199
1
a/
200
3
200
6
200
9
200
3
200
62009 2003 2006 2009
PHILIPPIN
ES5,776
10,9
76
13,3
48
16,8
4128.3 20.0 21.1 20.9 2.3 2.3 2.1
3,293,
096
3,670,
791
3,855,7
30
NCR 7,50813,99
7
16,48
7
19,8
025.7 2.1 3.4 2.6 12.0 13.1 12.0 48,923 80,828 64,404
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Region
III6,757
12,77
1
15,37
4
18,98
118.7 9.4 12.0 12.0 8.6 8.4 7.6
169,7
71
228,7
41
244,2
73
Aurorab/,c/ 11,277 13,539 16,761 21.1 27.7 19.5 31.8 35.1 53.2 7,919 11,256 6,177
Bataan
b/
12,82
1
15,30
2
19,29
68.1 7.2 7.4 22.3 27.5 21.4
9,98
69,296
10,71
8
Bulaca
n
12,60
7
15,17
0
18,50
2 4.3
5.1
4.8
19.7
17.1
13.8
22,72
2
28,64
1
28,84
5
Nueva
Ecija
13,30
5
16,00
2
19,63
317.7 24.8 26.3 14.0 9.3 9.3
64,80
8
94,02
6
112,3
67
Pampa
nga
12,71
5
15,37
4
18,71
74.9 3.8 6.7 17.8 22.2 16.4
18,98
3
15,74
5
28,58
1
Tarlac12,20
5
14,71
2
18,26
011.6 16.8 15.6 16.7 14.9 15.0
26,73
3
40,49
2
39,99
3
Zamba
les
12,63
7
15,30
0
18,69
113.4 19.5 13.0 23.3 20.6 18.6
18,62
0
29,28
6
17,59
2
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41.9 children lives in low
income families32.7 lives below in national
poverty line
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Paynes Definition of PovertyThe extent to which an individual doeswith out resources. (Payne,A
Framework for Poverty, 2001)
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DefinitionPoverty is the extent to which an individual
does without resources.
Financial
Emotional
Mental
Spiritual
Physical
Support Systems
Relationships/Role Models
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Resources Include Financial-often used to define poverty levels, financial
resources does not explain the differences in success withwhich individuals leave poverty.
Emotional-perseverance, persistence, stamina and controlof emotions
Mental-the ability to process information
Spiritual-believing in a divine purpose and guidance
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Physical-having physical health
SupportSystems-friends and family
Relationships/RoleModels-having access to anappropriate and nurturing adultNo significant learning occurs without a significantrelationship.Dr. James Comer (1995)
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POVERTY The Census Bureau uses a set of money
income thresholds that vary by family size and
composition to determine who is in poverty. Ifa familys total income is less than the familysthreshold, then that family and everyindividual in it is considered in poverty.
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POVERTY THRESHOLD
Example If a family threshold is Php 24,662
This includes mother ,father, two child and an auntie
The earnings :mother= 10,000
father 10,000
auntie 5,000
two child 000
__________________Total: 25,000Since their income is greater than their family threshold, this family,
does not consider as poor according to the definition.
The
for a family of 5 is $24,662.
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Key points about poverty in the
Philippines 3 out of every five individuals under the age of 18 is s living
in poverty
41.9 children lives in low income families
32.7 lives below national poverty line but more than 40%
are claiming that they are below poverty line Regardless of race or ethnicity, poor children are more
likely than non-poor children to suffer developmental delayand damage to drop out of high school
Poverty-prone children are more likely to be in single-
parent families. Poverty is caused by interrelated factors: parental
employment status and earnings, family structure, andparental education
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Generational vs. Situational Poverty Generational
People living inpoverty for at least 2generations
Situational
Lack of resources dueto a particular eventI.e., death, chronicillness, divorce.
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CAUSES OF POVERTYUnemployment
Population growthCorruption
Disability
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Effects of Poverty on Children
Physical Health problems
Cognitive Ability
School Achievement Emotional & Behavioral Outcomes
Teen Out-of-wedlock Childbearing
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Effects of Poverty on Children Before entering kindergarten, the average
cognitive scores of children from high SES(socioeconomic status) is 60% higher than
children from low SESAt age 4, children in poverty are 18 months
below what is normal for their age group(cognitive levels)
Children from middle-income, well-educatedfamilies know about 12,000 words in 3rdgrade.Children in poverty know about 4,000 words.
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Consequences of Poverty on
Children Lack of background knowledge/academicexperiences
Fluid & Crystallized intelligence Vocabulary
Lack of self-confidence as a result of maltreatment
High Correlation between poverty and academicsuccess
Students from low economic status had muchhigher failing rates, 63 to 85 percent higher
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Many individuals do not realize
there is a way out of poverty.Education is the only way to break
the poverty cycle
Poverty affects the ability ofchildren to take full advantage ofeducational opportunities
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What this means at school or
work An education is the key to getting out of poverty. People
leave poverty for one of four reasons:
A goal or vision of something they want to be or have
A situation so painful that anything would be better
A person who sponsors them and shows them a differentway
A talent or ability
Being poor is rarely about a lack of intelligence or ability.
Many stay in poverty because they dont know they have achoice or that no one teaches them or provides resourcesto leave.
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HOW CAN EDUCATION REDUCE
POVERTYDEVELOPED COUNTRIES; USA, UK, JAPAN,
GERMANY ETC.
Almost 100% literacy.
High quality of education.
RESEARCH STUDIES
John Vaizy: After standardising for race, sex,
ability and other characteristics, it has beenshown that the higher the level of education agroup has, the higher its earning power would be.
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CONTRIBUTION OF EDUCATION TO
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF OCCUPATIONAL SKILL
QUANTITY &QUALITY OF OCCUPATIONAL SKILL
OF NATIONAL OUTPUT IS THROUGH LABOUR
DEVELOPMENT OF THE PEOPLE LEVEL OF INITIATIVE AND INVENTIVENESS
LEADERS, ENTREPRENEURS, ADMINISTRATORS ANDTECHNICIANS
PRODUCTION AND CONSUMPTION PURPOSE
TO EARN A LIVING AND TO ENJOY THE FRUITS OF LIVING
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THROUGH EDUCATION
It can stimulate economic growth through increasedproductivity(skilledlabor, technical and managerialinnovations
It can make strong human capital base (secondary,tertiary and lifelong learning)
National innovation system (training of graduates and
contribution to knowledge generation,adaptation anddissemination
THUS REDUCING POVERTY
T e purpose o e ucation is to prepare
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T e purpose o e ucation is to preparepeople for a changing economy.
Competitiveness
21st
Century SkillsGlobalization
Workforce Readiness
Innovation
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21st
Century Skills Information and communication skills Thinking and problem-solving Interpersonal and self-direction skills
Global awareness Financial, economic and business literacy, and developing
entrepreneurial skills to enhance workplace productivityand career options
Civic literacy
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THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING